Python 纸牌与纸牌 OOP

Question

我正在尝试编写一个程序：

创建一副纸牌的函数，默认情况下为 52 张，或者在提供花色时仅为 13 张。

和

一个函数，它从一副牌中移除前 card_count 张牌，returns 它们作为一个列表，并且 returns 当没有牌时出现适当的错误。

预期结果如下。

>>> deck2 = Deck('♠')
>>> deck2.shuffle_deck()
>>> print(deck2.cards)
[A of ♠, 10 of ♠, 3 of ♠, 7 of ♠, 5 of ♠, 4 of ♠, 8 of ♠, J of ♠, 9 of ♠, Q of ♠, 6 of ♠, 2 of ♠, K of ♠]

>>> deck2.deal_card(7)
[A of ♠, 10 of ♠, 3 of ♠, 7 of ♠, 5 of ♠, 4 of ♠, 8 of ♠]

>>> deck2.deal_card(7)
Cannot deal 7 cards. The deck only has 6 cards left!

我的问题是每次运行我的代码都返回一个空列表。我想我已经正确设置了第一个 class (PlayingCard) 和花色的可选参数。但是，我不太确定如何实现交易功能或为什么我的列表返回空。我是不是漏掉了什么小东西？

import random

class PlayingCard():
    def __init__(self, rank, suit):
        acc_suit = ("♠", "♥", "♦", "♣")
        acc_rank = (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, "J", "Q", "K", "A")
        assert rank in acc_rank, "Not a valid rank for a playing card."
        assert suit in acc_suit, "Not a valid suit for a playing card."
        self.suit = suit
        self.rank = rank
    
    def __repr__(self):
        return self.rank + ' of ' + self.suit

class Deck():
    
    def __init__(self, *suit):
        acc_suit = ("♠", "♥", "♦", "♣")
        self.cards = []
        if suit == None:
            for suit in range(4):
                for rank in range (1,14):
                    card = PlayingCard(rank, suit)
                    self.cards.append(card)
        if suit in acc_suit:
            for rank in range (1,14):
                card = PlayingCard(rank, suit)
                self.cards.append(card)
            

    def shuffle_deck(self):
        random.shuffle(self.cards)
    
    def deal_card(self):
        return self.cards.pop(0)
    
    
    def __str__(self):
        res = []
        for card in self.cards:
            res.append(str(card))
        return '\n'.join(res)

Answer 1

您的列表为空的原因是，如果您提供一套花色，您永远不会创建套牌。打电话

deck2 = Deck('♠')

将导致 suit = ('♠',) - 一个 1 元组 （包含 1 个字符串），因此它永远不会统计 if suit in acc_suit: => self.deck 为空。

还有很多其他错误，使您的代码可运行 - 在内联注释中指出：

import random

class PlayingCard():
    def __init__(self, rank, suit):
        # you try to create cards by range(2,14) but you assert that suit must
        # be 2 to 10 or "J"-"A" for picture cards
        # also: range(2,14) is [2..13] only so you miss a card
        r = {11:"J",12:"Q",13:"K",14:"A"}   
        rank = r.get(rank,rank) # translate 10 to 14 to "JQMA"

        acc_suit = ("♠", "♥", "♦", "♣")
        acc_rank = (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, "J", "Q", "K", "A")
        assert rank in acc_rank, "Not a valid rank for a playing card."
        assert suit in acc_suit, "Not a valid suit for a playing card."
        self.suit = suit
        self.rank = rank
    
    def __repr__(self):
        # can not add a string to an integer (rank is an int for 2-10 !)
        return f"{self.rank} of {self.suit}"

和你的套牌class：

class Deck():
    
    # change this to a named param with default so you need to supply suit=' '       
    # omit the ,* if you do not like to force suit=" " when calling this
    def __init__(self, *, suit = None):
        acc_suit = ("♠", "♥", "♦", "♣")
        self.cards = []
        if not suit:
            for suit in range(4):
                for rank in range (1,14):
                    card = PlayingCard(rank, suit)
                    self.cards.append(card)
        if suit in acc_suit:
            for rank in range (2,15):
                card = PlayingCard(rank, suit)
                self.cards.append(card)

    def shuffle_deck(self):
        random.shuffle(self.cards)
    
    # this function does not accept parameters like you posted its usage
    def deal_card(self, amount = 1):
        # always returns a list of cards, even if you only request one
        rv, self.cards = self.cards[:amount], self.cards[amount:]
        # this does NOT do the evaluation of enough cards are left, do it yourself:
        #  if len(rv) != amount: raise whatever
        return rv

    def __str__(self):
        return '\n'.join(str(c) for c in self.cards)

测试：

deck2 = Deck(suit = "♠")
print(deck2.cards)
deck2.shuffle_deck()
print(deck2.cards) 
print(deck2.deal_card(7))
print(deck2.deal_card(7))

输出：

# orignal
[2 of ♠, 3 of ♠, 4 of ♠, 5 of ♠, 6 of ♠, 7 of ♠, 8 of ♠, 9 of ♠, 10 of ♠, 
 J of ♠, Q of ♠, K of ♠, A of ♠]
# shuffeled 
[3 of ♠, 5 of ♠, 10 of ♠, 8 of ♠, A of ♠, 7 of ♠, 6 of ♠, 4 of ♠, J of ♠, 
 Q of ♠, 9 of ♠, 2 of ♠, K of ♠]
# first 7
[3 of ♠, 5 of ♠, 10 of ♠, 8 of ♠, A of ♠, 7 of ♠, 6 of ♠]
# next 7 (only 6 remain)
[4 of ♠, J of ♠, Q of ♠, 9 of ♠, 2 of ♠, K of ♠]

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