使用/ Python 和 xorg-server 监控在计算机上花费的时间

Question

我正在尝试制作一个脚本来帮助我跟踪我在计算机上花费了多长时间。该脚本应跟踪我何时开始、停止以及我在每个“任务”上花费的时间。经过一番搜索后，我找到了一个名为 xdotool 的终端实用程序，它将 return 当前的焦点 window 和运行时的标题，如下所示：xdotool getwindowfocus getwindowna me。例如。当专注于这个 window 它 returns:

linux - Monitering time spent on computer w/ Python and xorg-server - Stack Overflow — Firefox Developer Edition

这正是我想要的。我的第一个想法是检测焦点 window 何时更改，然后获取发生这种情况的时间，但是我找不到任何结果，所以我求助于每 5 秒运行一次此命令的 while 循环，但这相当 hack-y 并且已经证明很麻烦，我高度更喜欢 on-focus-change 方法，但这是我现在的代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

from subprocess import run
from time import time, sleep

log = []
prevwindow = ""

while True:
    currentwindow = run(['xdotool', 'getwindowfocus', 'getwindowname'], 
                                               capture_output=True, text=True).stdout
    if currentwindow != prevwindow:
        for entry in log:
            if currentwindow in entry:
                pass # Calculate time spent

        print(f"{time()}:\t{currentwindow}")
        log.append((time(), currentwindow))
    prevwindow = currentwindow
    sleep(5)

我在 Arch linux 上使用 dwm

Answer 1

参见this gist。只需将您的日志记录机制放在 handle_change 函数中，它应该可以工作，正如在 Arch Linux - dwm 系统上测试的那样。

出于存档目的，我在此处包含代码。 GitHub.

上的所有功劳归功于 Stephan Sokolow (sskolow)

from contextlib import contextmanager
from typing import Any, Dict, Optional, Tuple, Union  # noqa

from Xlib import X
from Xlib.display import Display
from Xlib.error import XError
from Xlib.xobject.drawable import Window
from Xlib.protocol.rq import Event

# Connect to the X server and get the root window
disp = Display()
root = disp.screen().root

# Prepare the property names we use so they can be fed into X11 APIs
NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW = disp.intern_atom('_NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW')
NET_WM_NAME = disp.intern_atom('_NET_WM_NAME')  # UTF-8
WM_NAME = disp.intern_atom('WM_NAME')           # Legacy encoding

last_seen = {'xid': None, 'title': None}  # type: Dict[str, Any]


@contextmanager
def window_obj(win_id: Optional[int]) -> Window:
    """Simplify dealing with BadWindow (make it either valid or None)"""
    window_obj = None
    if win_id:
        try:
            window_obj = disp.create_resource_object('window', win_id)
        except XError:
            pass
    yield window_obj


def get_active_window() -> Tuple[Optional[int], bool]:
    """Return a (window_obj, focus_has_changed) tuple for the active window."""
    response = root.get_full_property(NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW,
                                      X.AnyPropertyType)
    if not response:
        return None, False
    win_id = response.value[0]

    focus_changed = (win_id != last_seen['xid'])
    if focus_changed:
        with window_obj(last_seen['xid']) as old_win:
            if old_win:
                old_win.change_attributes(event_mask=X.NoEventMask)

        last_seen['xid'] = win_id
        with window_obj(win_id) as new_win:
            if new_win:
                new_win.change_attributes(event_mask=X.PropertyChangeMask)

    return win_id, focus_changed


def _get_window_name_inner(win_obj: Window) -> str:
    """Simplify dealing with _NET_WM_NAME (UTF-8) vs. WM_NAME (legacy)"""
    for atom in (NET_WM_NAME, WM_NAME):
        try:
            window_name = win_obj.get_full_property(atom, 0)
        except UnicodeDecodeError:  # Apparently a Debian distro package bug
            title = "<could not decode characters>"
        else:
            if window_name:
                win_name = window_name.value  # type: Union[str, bytes]
                if isinstance(win_name, bytes):
                    # Apparently COMPOUND_TEXT is so arcane that this is how
                    # tools like xprop deal with receiving it these days
                    win_name = win_name.decode('latin1', 'replace')
                return win_name
            else:
                title = "<unnamed window>"

    return "{} (XID: {})".format(title, win_obj.id)


def get_window_name(win_id: Optional[int]) -> Tuple[Optional[str], bool]:
    """Look up the window name for a given X11 window ID"""
    if not win_id:
        last_seen['title'] = None
        return last_seen['title'], True

    title_changed = False
    with window_obj(win_id) as wobj:
        if wobj:
            try:
                win_title = _get_window_name_inner(wobj)
            except XError:
                pass
            else:
                title_changed = (win_title != last_seen['title'])
                last_seen['title'] = win_title

    return last_seen['title'], title_changed


def handle_xevent(event: Event):
    """Handler for X events which ignores anything but focus/title change"""
    if event.type != X.PropertyNotify:
        return

    changed = False
    if event.atom == NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW:
        if get_active_window()[1]:
            get_window_name(last_seen['xid'])  # Rely on the side-effects
            changed = True
    elif event.atom in (NET_WM_NAME, WM_NAME):
        changed = changed or get_window_name(last_seen['xid'])[1]

    if changed:
        handle_change(last_seen)


def handle_change(new_state: dict):
    """Replace this with whatever you want to actually do"""
    print(new_state)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Listen for _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW changes
    root.change_attributes(event_mask=X.PropertyChangeMask)

    # Prime last_seen with whatever window was active when we started this
    get_window_name(get_active_window()[0])
    handle_change(last_seen)

    while True:  # next_event() sleeps until we get an event
        handle_xevent(disp.next_event())

使用/ Python 和 xorg-server 监控在计算机上花费的时间

Monitering time spent on computer w/ Python and xorg-server

python

linux

monitoring

xorg