如何在 Python Turtle 模块中绘制网格线？

Question

所以目前我正在尝试通过读取 .txt 文件绘制块迷宫，然后将其显示在 Python 的 Turtle 库中。目前，我的代码只能画出方框，而不能画出方框周围的网格线。有没有办法解决这个问题，因为我试图查看文档，他们只建议 turtle.Turtle.fillcolor，这似乎并不正确。

这是我当前的代码：

# import the necessary library
import turtle

# read the .txt file here!
with open("map01.txt") as f:
    content = f.readlines()
content = [x.strip() for x in content] 

# create the map here!
window = turtle.Screen()
window.bgcolor("white") # set the background as white(check if this is default)
window.title("PIZZA RUNNERS") # create the titlebar
window.setup(700,700)

# create pen
class Pen(turtle.Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        turtle.Turtle.__init__(self)
        self.shape("square")
        self.color('grey')
        self.penup()
        self.speed(0)

# create maze_list
maze = []

# add the maze to maze
maze.append(content)

# create conversion from the list to the map in turtle
def setup_maze(level):
    for y in range(len(level)):
        for x in range(len(level[y])):
            # get the character at each x,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]
            # calculate the screen x, y coordinates
            screen_x = -288 + (x * 24)
            screen_y = 288 - (y * 24)
            
            # check if it is a wall
            if character == "X":
                pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)
                pen.stamp()

# create class instances     
pen = Pen()

# set up the maze
setup_maze(maze[0])

# main game loop
while True:
    pass

这就是我正在阅读的当前文本文件的样子：

XXXXXXXXXXXX
X.........eX
X.XXX.XXX..X
X.XsX.X.XX.X
X.X......X.X
X.XXXXXXXX.X
X..........X
XXXXXXXXXXXX

's'和'e'应该是代表起点和终点，目前还没有实现，可以忽略。点代表路径，X 代表墙壁。当前地图（或 txt）尺寸为 8 行 x 12 列。

现在我的输出是这样的：

我希望它看起来像这样（指的是添加网格，而不是相同的图案迷宫）：

Answer 1

假设你想要的是：

然后我们需要将方形光标的大小从其默认大小 20 调整为您的图块大小 24：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

TILE_SIZE = 24
CURSOR_SIZE = 20

class Pen(Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.shape('square')
        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)
        self.color('grey')
        self.penup()
        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):
    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height, maze_width = len(level), len(level[0])

    for y in range(maze_height):
        for x in range(maze_width):
            # get the character at each x,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall
            if character == 'X':
                # calculate the screen x, y coordinates
                screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE
                screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

                pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)
                pen.stamp()

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(700, 700)
screen.title("PIZZA RUNNERS")

maze = []

with open("map01.txt") as file:
    for line in file:
        maze.append(line.strip())

pen = Pen()

setup_maze(maze)

screen.mainloop()

如果您正在寻找更像这样的东西：

然后换行：

self.color('grey')

在上面的代码中：

self.color('black', 'grey')

最后，如果您愿意：

然后我们需要对上面的代码做一些小改动：

class Pen(Turtle):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.shape('square')
        self.shapesize(TILE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)
        self.pencolor('black')
        self.penup()
        self.speed('fastest')

def setup_maze(level):
    ''' Conversion from the list to the map in turtle. '''

    maze_height, maze_width = len(level), len(level[0])

    for y in range(maze_height):
        for x in range(maze_width):
            # get the character at each x,y coordinate
            character = level[y][x]

            # check if it is a wall or a path
            pen.fillcolor(['white', 'grey'][character == 'X'])

            # calculate the screen x, y coordinates
            screen_x = (x - maze_width) * TILE_SIZE
            screen_y = (maze_width - y) * TILE_SIZE

            pen.goto(screen_x, screen_y)
            pen.stamp()

如何在 Python Turtle 模块中绘制网格线？

How to plot out grid lines in Python Turtle module?

python

python-3.x

python-turtle