根据列名向量缩放列

Question

set.seed(123)
  
dat <-   
  data.frame(year_ref = 2000:2004,
             www_val1 = sample(5),
             www_val2 = sample(5),
             www_val3 = sample(5),
             sat_val1 = sample(5),
             sat_val2 = sample(5),
             sat_val3 = sample(5),
             ds_val1 = sample(5),
             ds_val2 = sample(5),
             ds_val3 = sample(5))

我想缩放其名称在另一个向量中提供的所有列。例如。向量 var_names 有 ds 和 sat，我想缩放名称以它们开头的所有列

var_names <- c("ds", "sat")
  
library(dplyr)
  
dat %>% 
 dplyr::select(contains(var_names)) %>%
 dplyr::mutate(scale(., center = T, scale = T))

但是，这是在创建新列。我可以实施如下解决方案以便进行更改吗仅在原始数据框中，除了我不想硬编码列索引

dat[, 5:10] <- apply(dat[, 5:10], 2, function(x) scale(x, center = T, scale = T))

Answer 1

在dplyr version >= 1.0.0 中你可以使用函数across将一个函数应用于所有满足特定条件的列

library(dplyr)

dat %>% 
  mutate(across(starts_with(var_names), scale))
# year_ref www_val1 www_val2 www_val3   sat_val1   sat_val2   sat_val3    ds_val1    ds_val2    ds_val3
# 1     2000        3        3        2 -1.2649111  0.0000000 -1.2649111 -1.2649111 -0.6324555 -0.6324555
# 2     2001        2        1        3  0.6324555  0.6324555 -0.6324555  0.0000000 -1.2649111  0.0000000
# 3     2002        5        2        1  1.2649111 -0.6324555  0.0000000  0.6324555  0.0000000  0.6324555
# 4     2003        4        5        4  0.0000000 -1.2649111  0.6324555  1.2649111  0.6324555  1.2649111
# 5     2004        1        4        5 -0.6324555  1.2649111  1.2649111 -0.6324555  1.2649111 -1.2649111

Answer 2

library(tidyverse)
set.seed(123)
dat <-   
  data.frame(year_ref = 2000:2004,
             www_val1 = sample(5),
             www_val2 = sample(5),
             www_val3 = sample(5),
             sat_val1 = sample(5),
             sat_val2 = sample(5),
             sat_val3 = sample(5),
             ds_val1 = sample(5),
             ds_val2 = sample(5),
             ds_val3 = sample(5))
var_names <- c("ds", "sat")
dat %>% 
  dplyr::mutate_at(vars(starts_with(var_names)), ~scale(., center = T, scale = T))
#   year_ref www_val1 www_val2 www_val3   sat_val1   sat_val2   sat_val3    ds_val1    ds_val2    ds_val3
# 1     2000        3        3        1  0.0000000 -0.6324555 -1.2649111  0.6324555  0.6324555  0.0000000
# 2     2001        5        5        3 -1.2649111  0.0000000  0.0000000 -0.6324555 -1.2649111  1.2649111
# 3     2002        2        2        2  0.6324555  0.6324555  0.6324555  0.0000000  1.2649111 -0.6324555
# 4     2003        4        4        5 -0.6324555 -1.2649111 -0.6324555  1.2649111 -0.6324555 -1.2649111
# 5     2004        1        1        4  1.2649111  1.2649111  1.2649111 -1.2649111  0.0000000  0.6324555

根据列名向量缩放列

scale columns based on vector of column names

r

dataframe

dplyr

standardized