'assert' 未声明，尽管 assert.h 包含在文件中

Question

当我尝试编译我的代码时，我收到多个关于“断言”的错误，例如“未终止列表调用宏断言”和“'assert' 未声明”。尽管我在代码顶部使用了#include 。使用与此文件位于同一目录中的断言的其他文件编译并且运行没有错误，因此我认为这是代码问题但是我无法查明是什么导致了它。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>

#define NMBRS 1000000

int binIt (int k, int *a, int l, int r);
int binItRec (int k, int *a, int l, int r);
int interpSearch(int k, int * a, int l, int r);
int *parseArgs(int argc, char *argv[], int *n, int *search);

int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
   int i, n, search;
   int *a;
   int (*p[3])(int k, int *a, int l, int r) = {binIt, interpSearch};

   a = parseArgs(argc, argv, &n, &search);

   srand(time(NULL));

   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      a[i] = 2 * i;
   }
   for (i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
      if (search == 0) {
      assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);
      }
   }
   free(a);

   return 0;
}

int binIt (int k, int *a, int l, int r)
{
   int m;

   while (l <= r) {
      m = (l + r) / 2; 
      if (k == a[m]) { 
         return m;
      } else {
         if (k > a[m]) { 
            l = m + 1;
         } else {
            r = m - 1;
         }
      }
   }
   return -1;
}

int binItRec (int k, int *a, int l, int r)
{
   int m;

   if (l > r) {
      return -1;
   }

   m = (l + r) / 2;

   if (k == a[m]) {
      return m;
   } else {
      if (k > a[m]) {
         return binItRec(k, a, m + 1, r);
      } else {
         return binItRec(k, a, l, m - 1);
      }
   }
}

int interpSearch(int k, int * a, int l, int r)
{
   int m;
   double md;

   while (l <= r) {
      md = ((double)(k - a[l]) / (double)(a[r] - a[l]) * (double)(r - l)) + (double)(l); 
      m = 0.5 + md; 
      if (k == a[m]) {
         return m;
      } else {
         if (k > a[m])
            l = m + 1;
         else {
            r = m - 1;
         }
      }
   }
   return -1;
}

int *parseArgs(int argc, char *argv[], int *n, int *search)
{
   int *p;

   if (argc != 3) {
      fprintf(stderr, "I was expecting 2 arguments: %s <n> <searchtype: 0/1/2\n", argv[0]);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }
   if (sscanf(argv[1], "%d", n) != 1) {
      fprintf(stderr, "I was expecting 2 arguments: %s <n> <searchtype: 0/1/2\n", argv[0]);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }
   if (sscanf(argv[2], "%d", search) != 1) {
      fprintf(stderr, "I was expecting 2 arguments: %s <+ve n> <searchtype: 0/1/2\n", argv[0]);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }
   if ((*n < 1) || (*search < 0) || (*search > 2)) {
      fprintf(stderr, "I was expecting 2 arguments: %s <+ve n> <searchtype: 0/1/2\n", argv[0]);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }

   p = calloc(sizeof(int), *n);

   if (p == NULL) {
      fprintf(stderr, "Error: Failure to allocate memory\n");
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
   }
   return p;
}

这里是错误：

gcc -Wall -Wextra -std=c90 -pedantic -lm -g3 -fsanitize=address -fsanitize=undefined    binarySearchUserv2.c   -o binarySearchUserv2
binarySearchUserv2.c: In function ‘main’:
binarySearchUserv2.c:126: error: unterminated argument list invoking macro "assert"
  126 | }
      |
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:7: error: ‘assert’ undeclared (first use in this function)
   29 |       assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);
      |       ^~~~~~
binarySearchUserv2.c:5:1: note: ‘assert’ is defined in header ‘<assert.h>’; did you forget to ‘#include <assert.h>’?

    4 | #include <assert.h>
  +++ |+#include <assert.h>
    5 |
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:7: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
   29 |       assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);
      |       ^~~~~~
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:13: error: expected ‘;’ at end of input
   29 |       assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);
      |             ^
      |             ;
......
  126 | }
      |
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:7: error: expected declaration or statement at end of input
   29 |       assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);
      |       ^~~~~~
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:7: error: expected declaration or statement at end of input
binarySearchUserv2.c:29:7: error: expected declaration or statement at end of input
binarySearchUserv2.c:18:10: warning: unused variable ‘p’ [-Wunused-variable]
   18 |    int (*p[3])(int k, int *a, int l, int r) = {binIt, interpSearch};
      |          ^
binarySearchUserv2.c:126: warning: control reaches end of non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
  126 | }
      |
make: *** [<builtin>: binarySearchUserv2] Error 1

Answer 1

您遇到的第一个错误是在最后 } 文件的末尾。这意味着您在某处有不平衡的括号或大括号。下一个错误为您提供了错误位置的线索：

assert((*p[search](a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);

您缺少 )。你想要：

assert((*p[search])(a[rand() % n], a, 0, n - 1) >= 0);

'assert' 未声明，尽管 assert.h 包含在文件中

'assert' undeclared, despite assert.h being included in the file

c

assert

include