JMeter JSON 断言：路径不得以“.”结尾或者 '..'

Question

我正在尝试复制此处描述的 JMeter 脚本：https://www.blazemeter.com/blog/selenium-vs-jmeter-which-one-should-you-choose-and-when——特别是在“前端：测试自定义通信通道”下。

作者谈到了设置 JSON 断言来验证响应数据，这是我卡住的地方。我会在最后 post 我的代码，但我所做的是设置一个 HTTP 请求到 POST 到 https:\reqres.in\api\users，发送 JSON文章中显示的负载：

{
    "name": "new_user",
    "job": "user_role"
}

然后我将 HTTP Header 管理器设置为 header“Content-Type”设置为“application/JSON”。最后，我尝试设置一个 JSON 响应断言来复制作者的描述。我选中了“作为正则表达式匹配”框并将期望值设置为 [0-9]+。（我猜这是我大错特错的地方。）

脚本的查看结果树侦听器显示脚本确实得到了响应：

{"name":"new_user","job":"user_role","id":"86","createdAt":"2020-11-16T23:41:04.645Z"}

但脚本失败，因为断言失败并显示此消息：

Assertion error: false
Assertion failure: true Assertion failure message: Path must not end with a '.' or '..'

这是我的完整脚本：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<jmeterTestPlan version="1.2" properties="5.0" jmeter="5.1 r1853635">
  <hashTree>
    <TestPlan guiclass="TestPlanGui" testclass="TestPlan" testname="Test Plan" enabled="true">
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.comments"></stringProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.functional_mode">false</boolProp>
      <boolProp name="TestPlan.serialize_threadgroups">false</boolProp>
      <elementProp name="TestPlan.user_defined_variables" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
      </elementProp>
      <stringProp name="TestPlan.user_define_classpath"></stringProp>
    </TestPlan>
    <hashTree>
      <Arguments guiclass="ArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
        <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
          <elementProp name="host" elementType="Argument">
            <stringProp name="Argument.name">host</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.value">wsf.cdyne.com</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="Argument.desc">Host of Webservice</stringProp>
          </elementProp>
        </collectionProp>
      </Arguments>
      <hashTree/>
      <ConfigTestElement guiclass="HttpDefaultsGui" testclass="ConfigTestElement" testname="HTTP Request Defaults" enabled="true">
        <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments" guiclass="HTTPArgumentsPanel" testclass="Arguments" testname="User Defined Variables" enabled="true">
          <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments"/>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">${host}</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.concurrentPool">4</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
      </ConfigTestElement>
      <hashTree/>
      <ThreadGroup guiclass="ThreadGroupGui" testclass="ThreadGroup" testname="Number of Users" enabled="true">
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.on_sample_error">continue</stringProp>
        <elementProp name="ThreadGroup.main_controller" elementType="LoopController" guiclass="LoopControlPanel" testclass="LoopController" testname="Loop Controller" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="LoopController.continue_forever">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="LoopController.loops">2</stringProp>
        </elementProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.num_threads">5</stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.ramp_time">5</stringProp>
        <longProp name="ThreadGroup.start_time">1375525852000</longProp>
        <longProp name="ThreadGroup.end_time">1375525852000</longProp>
        <boolProp name="ThreadGroup.scheduler">false</boolProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.duration"></stringProp>
        <stringProp name="ThreadGroup.delay"></stringProp>
      </ThreadGroup>
      <hashTree>
        <HTTPSamplerProxy guiclass="HttpTestSampleGui" testclass="HTTPSamplerProxy" testname="Rest Request" enabled="true">
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.postBodyRaw">true</boolProp>
          <elementProp name="HTTPsampler.Arguments" elementType="Arguments">
            <collectionProp name="Arguments.arguments">
              <elementProp name="" elementType="HTTPArgument">
                <boolProp name="HTTPArgument.always_encode">false</boolProp>
                <stringProp name="Argument.value">{&#xd;
    &quot;name&quot;: &quot;new_user&quot;,&#xd;
    &quot;job&quot;: &quot;user_role&quot;&#xd;
}</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Argument.metadata">=</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
            </collectionProp>
          </elementProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.domain">reqres.in</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.port"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.protocol">https</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.contentEncoding"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.path">\api\users</stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.method">POST</stringProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.follow_redirects">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.auto_redirects">false</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.use_keepalive">true</boolProp>
          <boolProp name="HTTPSampler.DO_MULTIPART_POST">false</boolProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.embedded_url_re"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.connect_timeout"></stringProp>
          <stringProp name="HTTPSampler.response_timeout"></stringProp>
        </HTTPSamplerProxy>
        <hashTree>
          <HeaderManager guiclass="HeaderPanel" testclass="HeaderManager" testname="HTTP Header Manager" enabled="true">
            <collectionProp name="HeaderManager.headers">
              <elementProp name="" elementType="Header">
                <stringProp name="Header.name">Content-Type</stringProp>
                <stringProp name="Header.value">application/JSON</stringProp>
              </elementProp>
            </collectionProp>
          </HeaderManager>
          <hashTree/>
          <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion on id" enabled="true">
            <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">[0-9]+</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="ISREGEX">true</boolProp>
          </JSONPathAssertion>
          <hashTree/>
          <JSONPathAssertion guiclass="JSONPathAssertionGui" testclass="JSONPathAssertion" testname="JSON Assertion on createdAt" enabled="false">
            <stringProp name="JSON_PATH">$.</stringProp>
            <stringProp name="EXPECTED_VALUE">[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}T[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{3}Z</stringProp>
            <boolProp name="JSONVALIDATION">true</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="EXPECT_NULL">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="INVERT">false</boolProp>
            <boolProp name="ISREGEX">true</boolProp>
          </JSONPathAssertion>
          <hashTree/>
        </hashTree>
      </hashTree>
      <ResultCollector guiclass="ViewResultsFullVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="View Results Tree" enabled="true">
        <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
        <objProp>
          <name>saveConfig</name>
          <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
            <time>true</time>
            <latency>true</latency>
            <timestamp>true</timestamp>
            <success>true</success>
            <label>true</label>
            <code>true</code>
            <message>true</message>
            <threadName>true</threadName>
            <dataType>false</dataType>
            <encoding>false</encoding>
            <assertions>true</assertions>
            <subresults>false</subresults>
            <responseData>false</responseData>
            <samplerData>false</samplerData>
            <xml>false</xml>
            <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
            <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
            <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
            <responseDataOnError>true</responseDataOnError>
            <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
            <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
            <bytes>true</bytes>
            <hostname>true</hostname>
            <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
            <sampleCount>true</sampleCount>
          </value>
        </objProp>
        <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
      </ResultCollector>
      <hashTree/>
      <ResultCollector guiclass="StatGraphVisualizer" testclass="ResultCollector" testname="Aggregate Graph" enabled="true">
        <boolProp name="ResultCollector.error_logging">false</boolProp>
        <objProp>
          <name>saveConfig</name>
          <value class="SampleSaveConfiguration">
            <time>true</time>
            <latency>true</latency>
            <timestamp>true</timestamp>
            <success>true</success>
            <label>true</label>
            <code>true</code>
            <message>true</message>
            <threadName>true</threadName>
            <dataType>false</dataType>
            <encoding>false</encoding>
            <assertions>true</assertions>
            <subresults>false</subresults>
            <responseData>false</responseData>
            <samplerData>false</samplerData>
            <xml>false</xml>
            <fieldNames>true</fieldNames>
            <responseHeaders>false</responseHeaders>
            <requestHeaders>false</requestHeaders>
            <responseDataOnError>true</responseDataOnError>
            <saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>true</saveAssertionResultsFailureMessage>
            <assertionsResultsToSave>0</assertionsResultsToSave>
            <bytes>true</bytes>
            <hostname>true</hostname>
            <threadCounts>true</threadCounts>
            <sampleCount>true</sampleCount>
          </value>
        </objProp>
        <stringProp name="filename"></stringProp>
      </ResultCollector>
      <hashTree/>
    </hashTree>
  </hashTree>
</jmeterTestPlan>

Answer 1

您忘记了 JSON 路径表达式中的 createdAt 键名

$.createdAt

和id

$.id

您不能将 JSON 表达式设为 $.

Answer 2

你的脚本有几个问题：

您需要在请求路径中使用正斜杠，例如 /api/users

更多信息：HTML Uniform Resource Locators
正确的 mime type for JSON 是 application/json，对于 HTTP Headers，名称是 case-insensitive 但值可能区分大小写

更多信息：HTTP Headers Specification
您需要提供一个 Json Path expression 来匹配您要声明的值，即 $.id 而不是 $.

更多信息：API Testing With JMeter and the JSON Extractor

JMeter JSON 断言：路径不得以“.”结尾或者 '..'

JMeter JSON Assertion: Path must not end with a '.' or '..'

json

jmeter

assertion