如何在 nginx 中设置子域？

Question

我从头开始尝试了几次，但我的子域仍然无法正常工作。我有 ubuntu Nginx。我想创建一个客户端和后端（子域）域。

客户端配置（正常工作）：

server {
        root  /var/www/html/dist;

        # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
        index index.html;

        server_name hookahscope.com www.hookahscope.com;

        location ~ ^/(sitemap.xml) {
            root /var/www/html/public;
        }
        location / {
                try_files $uri /index.html;
        }
    listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on; # managed by Certbot
    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/chain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling on; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling_verify on; # managed by Certbot
}

server {
    if ($host = www.hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    if ($host = hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server;

    server_name hookahscope.com www.hookahscope.com;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot
}

更新： 我的客户端（主域）配置有额外的配置，这就是冲突

server {
    if ($host = www.hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    if ($host = hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot
    server_name www.api.hookahscope.com api.hookahscope.com; # managed by Certb>
    return 404; # managed by Certbot

    listen [::]:443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/fullchain.pem; # mana>
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/privkey.pem; # ma>
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/chain.pem; # >
    ssl_stapling on; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling_verify on; # managed by Certbot

}



server {
    if ($host = www.api.hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    if ($host = api.hookahscope.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot

        listen 80 ;
        listen [::]:80 ;
    server_name www.api.hookahscope.com api.hookahscope.com;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot
}

和后端配置：

server {
        listen 80;

        root  /var/www/backend;

        # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
        index index.html;

        server_name api.hookahscope.com;

location ~ ^/(sitemap.xml) {
    root /var/www/html/public;
}

        location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8081;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
                # First attempt to serve request as file, then
                # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
                try_files $uri /index.html;
        }

}

我运行后端在 pm2 上（服务器是带有 express 的 nodejs）因此，在本地我可以通过命令在 8081 端口上看到后端：

 curl http://localhost:8081/

Nginx 显示一些错误，但对我没有帮助：

 sudo nginx -t
nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "api.hookahscope.com" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored

当然，去掉listen 80错误就消失了；从子域配置，但我找不到我应该设置而不是

已更新2 我的子域配置：

server {
        server_name api.hookahscope.com;

#location ~ ^/(sitemap.xml) {
 #   root /var/www/html/public;
#}

        location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8081/;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        }
listen [::]:443 ssl ipv6only=on; # managed by Certbot
    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/fullchain.pem; # mana>
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/privkey.pem; # ma>
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/chain.pem; # >
    ssl_stapling on; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling_verify on; # managed by Certbot
}

Answer 1

与其通过 if ($host = hookahscope.com) { ... } 检查 Host HTTP header，我建议过滤将两个 server 块定义为 suggested by official nginx documentation (read this answer for detailed description). Having two separate SSL server blocks you shouldn't use the ipv6only=on flag on listen directive (read this 线程的请求以获取详细信息).这是我推荐使用的配置：

server {
    # redirect HTTP to HTTPS for requests where the HTTP 'Host' header equal to one of our domains
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name hookahscope.com www.hookahscope.com api.hookahscope.com;
    return 301 https://$http_host$request_uri;
}
server {
    # close the connection immediately for the rest of requests
    listen 80 default_server;
    listen [::]:80 default_server;
    return 444;
}
server {
    # frontend
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl;
    server_name hookahscope.com www.hookahscope.com;
    root /var/www/html/dist;

    # SSL configuration made by certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/privkey.pem; managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/chain.pem; managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling on; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling_verify on; # managed by Certbot

    location = /sitemap.xml {
        root /var/www/html/public;
    }
    location / {
        try_files $uri /index.html;
    }
}
server {
    # backend
    listen 443 ssl;
    listen [::]:443 ssl;
    server_name api.hookahscope.com;

    # SSL configuration made by certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/privkey.pem; managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot

    ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/hookahscope.com/chain.pem; managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling on; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_stapling_verify on; # managed by Certbot

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://localhost:8081;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    }
}

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