尝试创建大型动态查询时，不断被截断

Question

我在 SQL 服务器中有一个 SQL 查询，我试图在其中使用 'union' 在大量数据库上创建大型查询。但是，查询不断被截断。根据我的研究，如果所有 varchar 都转换为 varchar(MAX)，则不应发生这种情况。我试过这样做，但是，它仍然被截断。最终查询应该在 @finalQuery 变量中。任何人都可以帮助解决以下问题吗？

DECLARE @name VARCHAR(MAX) -- database name  
DECLARE @path VARCHAR(MAX) -- path for backup files  
DECLARE @fileName VARCHAR(MAX) -- filename for backup  
DECLARE @fileDate VARCHAR(MAX) -- used for file name 
DECLARE @executeQuery VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @finalQuery VARCHAR(MAX)

SET @finalQuery = ''
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT name
FROM master..sysdatabases
WHERE name NOT IN (CAST('master' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('model' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('msdb' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('tempdb' AS VARCHAR(MAX)))  
OPEN db_cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @name
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN

SET @executeQuery=CAST(
 'SELECT TOP 1000 
       [EmailAddress] as ''Email Address''
      ,[FirstName] as ''First Name''
      ,[LastName] as ''Last Name''
      ,[LastLogin] as ''Last Login'',
        Name as ''User Role''
  FROM '+@name+'.[dbo].[User] c
  INNER JOIN 
  (  SELECT * FROM '+@name+'.[dbo].[SecurityRole] as a 
     INNER JOIN '+@name+'.[dbo].[SecurityRoleToUser] as b
     ON (a.ID=b.SecurityRoleID)
  ) d     
  ON (c.ID=d.UserID)
  WHERE IsActive=1' AS VARCHAR(MAX))

  --PRINT @executeQuery
  --PRINT @name
  --PRINT @executeQuery
  SET @finalQuery = CAST(@executeQuery+' UNION ALL ' +@finalQuery AS VARCHAR(MAX))
  --PRINT @executeQUery
    --EXEC (@executeQuery)
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @name

END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
PRINT @finalQuery
--EXEC(@finalQuery)

Answer 1

被截断的是 PRINT，不是您的变量：

来自 PRINT 上的文档：

A message string can be up to 8,000 characters long if it is a non-Unicode string, and 4,000 characters long if it is a Unicode string. Longer strings are truncated. The varchar(max) and nvarchar(max) data types are truncated to data types that are no larger than varchar(8000) and nvarchar(4000).

Answer 2

为什么要使用游标？

SELECT 
'SELECT TOP 1000 
       [EmailAddress] as ''Email Address''
      ,[FirstName] as ''First Name''
      ,[LastName] as ''Last Name''
      ,[LastLogin] as ''Last Login'',
        Name as ''User Role''
  FROM ' + name + '.[dbo].[User] c' 
  .....
FROM master..sysdatabases
WHERE name NOT IN (CAST('master' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('model' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('msdb' AS VARCHAR(MAX)),CAST('tempdb' AS VARCHAR(MAX)))

Answer 3

您最好不要对这么多数据库执行 UNION。而你不需要。此外，数据库名称等都是 sysname，等同于 NVARCHAR(128)，因此最好使用 NVARCHAR(MAX) 而不是 VARCHAR(MAX)。

第 1 步：生成不太复杂的查询

DECLARE @DatabaseName sysname;

DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(MAX),
        @Template NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @Query = '';
SET @Template = N'USE [?];
       SELECT TOP 1000 
       [EmailAddress] as [Email Address]
      ,[FirstName] as [First Name]
      ,[LastName] as [Last Name]
      ,[LastLogin] as [Last Login],
        Name as [User Role]
  FROM [dbo].[User] c
  INNER JOIN 
  (  SELECT * FROM [dbo].[SecurityRole] as a 
     INNER JOIN [dbo].[SecurityRoleToUser] as b
     ON (a.ID=b.SecurityRoleID)
  ) d     
  ON (c.ID=d.UserID)
  WHERE IsActive = 1;

';

SELECT @Query = (@Query + REPLACE(@Template, N'?', sd.[name]))
FROM   sys.databases sd
WHERE  sd.[name] NOT IN (N'master', N'model', N'msdb', N'tempdb')
AND    HAS_DBACCESS(sd.[name]) = 1;

--EXEC(@Query); -- uncomment when not debugging

SELECT LEN(@Query); -- 9506 on my system -- comment out if debugging
print @query; -- truncates at 4000 chars for NVARCHAR -- comment out if debugging

第 2 步：不需要 UNION

与其使用 UNION 将所有内容放入单个结果集中，不如将多个结果集插入到本地临时文件中 table。

CREATE TABLE #tmp (DatabaseName sysname NOT NULL,
                   EmailAddress NVARCHAR(200), FirstName NVARCHAR(50),
                   LastName NVARCHAR(50), LastLogin DATETIME, UserRole VARCHAR(50);

DECLARE @Query NVARCHAR(MAX),
        @Template NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @Query = '';
SET @Template = N'USE [?];
       SELECT TOP 1000
       DB_NAME() AS [DatabaseName],
       [EmailAddress] as [Email Address]
      ,[FirstName] as [First Name]
      ,[LastName] as [Last Name]
      ,[LastLogin] as [Last Login],
        Name as [User Role]
  FROM [dbo].[User] c
  INNER JOIN 
  (  SELECT UserID, Name--* -- see Step #3 below
     FROM [dbo].[SecurityRole] sr
     INNER JOIN [dbo].[SecurityRoleToUser] srtu
             ON sr.ID = srtu.SecurityRoleID
  ) d     
         ON c.ID = d.UserID
  WHERE IsActive = 1;

';

SELECT @Query = (@Query + REPLACE(@Template, N'?', sd.[name]))
FROM   sys.databases sd
WHERE  sd.[name] NOT IN (N'master', N'model', N'msdb', N'tempdb')
AND    HAS_DBACCESS(sd.[name]) = 1;

INSERT INTO #tmp (DatabaseName, EmailAddress, FirstName, LastName, LastLogin, UserRole)
  EXEC(@Query);

SELECT * FROM #tmp;

第 3 步：

最好不要在 SELECT * FROM [dbo].[SecurityRole] as a 子查询中使用 SELECT *。只需 select 您需要的字段，因为它更有可能使用索引。看起来您只需要两个字段：UserID, Name

尝试创建大型动态查询时，不断被截断

Trying to create a large dynamic query, keeps getting truncated

sql

sql-server

tsql

casting

dynamic-sql