比较两个电子名片

Compare two vcards

我有两张电子名片:

vcard1 = "BEGIN:VCARD
          VERSION:3.0
          N;CHARSET=UTF-8:Name;;;;
          TEL:0005555000
          END:VCARD"

vcard2 = "BEGIN:VCARD
      VERSION:3.0
      N;CHARSET=UTF-8:Name;;;;
      TEL:0005555000
      EMAIL;CHARSET=UTF-8:my_email@email.com
      END:VCARD"

如您所见,唯一的区别是第二张 vcard 有一个额外的属性,即 EMAIL?使用代码可以将这两个 vcards 视为相等吗?

import vobject
print(vobject.readOne(vcard1).serialize()==vobject.readOne(vcard2).serialize())

解决方案

任何比较的第一条规则是定义比较的基础。您甚至可以比较苹果和橙子,前提是您正在寻找可以比较的数量:例如 “多少个苹果与橙子” 或“5 个苹果与 5 个苹果的重量” -橙子”。重点是比较基础的定义必须明确。

Note: I will use the data from the Dummy Data section below.

将此概念扩展到您的用例,您可以将 vcards 与每个字段进行比较,然后还可以与所有字段进行比较。例如,我已经向您展示了三种比较它们的方法:

  • Example A1:比较只有vcard1vcard2之间的common个字段。
  • Example A2: 比较 all fileds between vcard1 and vcard2.
  • Example A3:比较仅在vcard1vcard2之间常见的用户指定字段.

显然,在这种情况下,如果比较 vcard1vcard2 的序列化版本,则会 return False 因为这两个 vcards 的内容不同.

vc1.serialize()==vc2.serialize() # False

例子

在每种情况下 (A1, A2, A3),自定义函数 compare_vcards() return 有两件事:

  • match:一个dict,给出每个字段级别的匹配项
  • summarydict,给出聚合的绝对匹配(如果所有字段都匹配)和相对(比例:[0,1])匹配(适合部分匹配)。

But you will have to define your own business logic to determine what you consider as a match and what is not. What I have shown here should help you get started though.

## Example - A1
#  Compare ONLY COMMON fields b/w vc1 and vc2
match, summary = compare_vcards(vc1, vc2, mode='common')
print(f'match:   \t{match}')
print(f'summary: \t{summary}')

## Output
# match:    {'n': True, 'tel': True, 'version': True}
# summary:  {'abs_match': True, 'rel_match': 1.0}

## Example - A2
#  Compare ALL fields b/w vc1 and vc2
match, summary = compare_vcards(vc1, vc2, mode='all')
print(f'match:   \t{match}')
print(f'summary: \t{summary}')

## Output
# match:    {'tel': True, 'email': False, 'n': True, 'version': True}
# summary:  {'abs_match': False, 'rel_match': 0.75}

## Example - A3
#  Compare ONLY COMMON USER-SPECIFIED fields b/w vc1 and vc2
match, summary = compare_vcards(vc1, vc2, fields=['email', 'n', 'tel'])
print(f'match:   \t{match}')
print(f'summary: \t{summary}')

## Output
# match:    {'email': False, 'n': True, 'tel': True}
# summary:  {'abs_match': False, 'rel_match': 0.6666666666666666}

代码

def get_fields(vc1, vc2, mode='common'):
    if mode=='common':
        fields = set(vc1.sortChildKeys()).intersection(set(vc2.sortChildKeys()))
    else:
        # mode = 'all'
        fields = set(vc1.sortChildKeys()).union(set(vc2.sortChildKeys()))
    return fields

def compare_vcards(vc1, vc2, fields=None, mode='common'):
    if fields is None:
        fields = get_fields(vc1, vc2, mode=mode) 
    match = dict(
        (field, str(vc1.getChildValue(field)).strip()==str(vc2.getChildValue(field)).strip()) 
        for field in fields
    )
    summary = {
        'abs_match': all(match.values()), 
        'rel_match': sum(match.values()) / len(match)
    }
    return match, summary

虚拟数据

vcard1 = """
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N;CHARSET=UTF-8:Name;;;;
TEL:0005555000
END:VCARD
"""

vcard2 = """
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N;CHARSET=UTF-8:Name;;;;
TEL:0005555000
EMAIL;CHARSET=UTF-8:my_email@email.com
END:VCARD
"""

# pip install vobject
import vobject

vc1 = vobject.readOne(vcard1)
vc2 = vobject.readOne(vcard2)

参考资料