Ansible：将事实变量与字典变量一起使用

Question

我想在多个 linux 服务器上安装 Apache。 Apache 软件包在 RedHat 或 Debian 操作系统（apache2 vs httpd）上具有不同的名称：Is it a way to use an ansible fact variable ("ansible_os_family") as a key of a dictionary variable ?

类似的东西（但这不起作用）：

---
- name: playbook1
  hosts: all
  become: yes
  vars:
    apache_packages: {
      "RedHat": "httpd",
      "Debian": "apache2"
      }
  tasks:
    - name: Install Apache server
      package:
        name:  "{{ apache_packages['{{ ansible_os_family }}']  }}"
        state: present
...

Answer 1

在另一个 Jinja 定界符中嵌套 Jinja 定界符绝不是一个好主意。

Another rule is ‘moustaches don’t stack’. We often see this:
{{ somevar_{{other_var}} }}
The above DOES NOT WORK as you expect, if you need to use a dynamic variable use the following as appropriate:
{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname]['somevar_' + other_var] }}
For ‘non host vars’ you can use the vars lookup plugin:
{{ lookup('vars', 'somevar_' + other_var) }}

^{来源：https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/faq.html#when-should-i-use-also-how-to-interpolate-variables-or-dynamic-variable-names}

如果你没有用引号括起来，它将被假定为一个变量，所以在这种情况下，这很简单：

name:  "{{ apache_packages[ansible_os_family] }}"

Answer 2

试试这个：您将包定义为列表的字典（基于 os 系列）

- name: playbook1
  hosts: localhost
  become: yes
  vars:
    packages:
      debian:
        - apache2
      redhat:
        - httpd
  tasks:
    - name: Install Apache server
      package:
        name:  "{{ item }}"
        state: present
      loop: "{{ packages.get(ansible_os_family|lower) }}"

Answer 3

我会像下面那样做一些事情来减少行数

- hosts: localhost
  become: yes 
  tasks:
  - package:
      name: "{{ 'apache2' if ansible_os_family == 'Debian' else ('httpd' if ansible_os_family == 'RedHat') }}"
      state: present

Ansible：将事实变量与字典变量一起使用

Ansible : use a fact variable with a dictionary variable

ansible

ansible-facts