需要帮助解决万向节代码中的 Arduino 代码错误 [-Woverflow]。我不确定如何解决或是否禁用偏航
Need help resolving Arduino Code error [-Woverflow] in gimbal code. I am not sure how to resolve or if to disable yaw
这个代码是关于如何机电一体化的（不是我的，https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/diy-arduino-gimbal-self-stabilizing-platform/）。我正在研究 Arduino 万向节并使用此代码。它带来了一个错误，我将把它粘贴在底部。我搜索了此类错误，似乎是因为它的输出为负数但未定义为负数或可能太大。我不太确定要更改什么或如何更改它才能正常运行。我的偏航电机也有问题，我认为它可能被烧毁了，因为我的兄弟将它连接到 12V 电池并且应该只有 5V。我确信我可以禁用偏航（虽然不确定这是否会解决其他问题）但我不知道为了这样做需要编写哪些代码。
/*
DIY Gimbal - MPU6050 Arduino Tutorial
by Dejan, www.HowToMechatronics.com
Code based on the MPU6050_DMP6 example from the i2cdevlib library by Jeff Rowberg:
https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib
*/
// I2Cdev and MPU6050 must be installed as libraries, or else the .cpp/.h files
// for both classes must be in the include path of your project
#include "I2Cdev.h"
#include "MPU6050_6Axis_MotionApps20.h"
//#include "MPU6050.h" // not necessary if using MotionApps include file
// Arduino Wire library is required if I2Cdev I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE implementation
// is used in I2Cdev.h
#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE
#include "Wire.h"
#endif
#include <Servo.h>
// class default I2C address is 0x68
// specific I2C addresses may be passed as a parameter here
// AD0 low = 0x68 (default for SparkFun breakout and InvenSense evaluation board)
// AD0 high = 0x69
MPU6050 mpu;
//MPU6050 mpu(0x69); // <-- use for AD0 high
// Define the 3 servo motors
Servo servo0;
Servo servo1;
Servo servo2;
float correct;
int j = 0;
#define OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL
#define INTERRUPT_PIN 2 // use pin 2 on Arduino Uno & most boards
bool blinkState = false;
// MPU control/status vars
bool dmpReady = false; // set true if DMP init was successful
uint8_t mpuIntStatus; // holds actual interrupt status byte from MPU
uint8_t devStatus; // return status after each device operation (0 = success, !0 = error)
uint16_t packetSize; // expected DMP packet size (default is 42 bytes)
uint16_t fifoCount; // count of all bytes currently in FIFO
uint8_t fifoBuffer[64]; // FIFO storage buffer
// orientation/motion vars
Quaternion q; // [w, x, y, z] quaternion container
VectorInt16 aa; // [x, y, z] accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaReal; // [x, y, z] gravity-free accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaWorld; // [x, y, z] world-frame accel sensor measurements
VectorFloat gravity; // [x, y, z] gravity vector
float euler[3]; // [psi, theta, phi] Euler angle container
float ypr[3]; // [yaw, pitch, roll] yaw/pitch/roll container and gravity vector
// packet structure for InvenSense teapot demo
uint8_t teapotPacket[14] = { '$', 0x02, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x00, 0x00, '\r', '\n' };
// ================================================================
// === INTERRUPT DETECTION ROUTINE ===
// ================================================================
volatile bool mpuInterrupt = false; // indicates whether MPU interrupt pin has gone high
void dmpDataReady() {
mpuInterrupt = true;
}
// ================================================================
// === INITIAL SETUP ===
// ================================================================
void setup() {
// join I2C bus (I2Cdev library doesn't do this automatically)
#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE
Wire.begin();
Wire.setClock(400000); // 400kHz I2C clock. Comment this line if having compilation difficulties
#elif I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_BUILTIN_FASTWIRE
Fastwire::setup(400, true);
#endif
// initialize serial communication
// (115200 chosen because it is required for Teapot Demo output, but it's
// really up to you depending on your project)
Serial.begin(38400);
while (!Serial); // wait for Leonardo enumeration, others continue immediately
// initialize device
//Serial.println(F("Initializing I2C devices..."));
mpu.initialize();
pinMode(INTERRUPT_PIN, INPUT);
devStatus = mpu.dmpInitialize();
// supply your own gyro offsets here, scaled for min sensitivity
mpu.setXGyroOffset(17);
mpu.setYGyroOffset(-69);
mpu.setZGyroOffset(27);
mpu.setZAccelOffset(1551); // 1688 factory default for my test chip
// make sure it worked (returns 0 if so)
if (devStatus == 0) {
// turn on the DMP, now that it's ready
// Serial.println(F("Enabling DMP..."));
mpu.CalibrateAccel(6);
mpu.CalibrateGyro(6);
mpu.PrintActiveOffsets();
mpu.setDMPEnabled(true);
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN), dmpDataReady, RISING);
mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// set our DMP Ready flag so the main loop() function knows it's okay to use it
//Serial.println(F("DMP ready! Waiting for first interrupt..."));
dmpReady = true;
// get expected DMP packet size for later comparison
packetSize = mpu.dmpGetFIFOPacketSize();
} else {
// ERROR!
// 1 = initial memory load failed
// 2 = DMP configuration updates failed
// (if it's going to break, usually the code will be 1)
// Serial.print(F("DMP Initialization failed (code "));
//Serial.print(devStatus);
//Serial.println(F(")"));
}
// Define the pins to which the 3 servo motors are connected
servo0.attach(10);
servo1.attach(9);
servo2.attach(8);
}
// ================================================================
// === MAIN PROGRAM LOOP ===
// ================================================================
void loop() {
// if programming failed, don't try to do anything
if (!dmpReady) return;
// wait for MPU interrupt or extra packet(s) available
while (!mpuInterrupt && fifoCount < packetSize) {
if (mpuInterrupt && fifoCount < packetSize) {
// try to get out of the infinite loop
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
}
}
// reset interrupt flag and get INT_STATUS byte
mpuInterrupt = false;
mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// get current FIFO count
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// check for overflow (this should never happen unless our code is too inefficient)
if ((mpuIntStatus & _BV(MPU6050_INTERRUPT_FIFO_OFLOW_BIT)) || fifoCount >= 1024) {
// reset so we can continue cleanly
mpu.resetFIFO();
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
Serial.println(F("FIFO overflow!"));
// otherwise, check for DMP data ready interrupt (this should happen frequently)
} else if (mpuIntStatus & _BV(MPU6050_INTERRUPT_DMP_INT_BIT)) {
// wait for correct available data length, should be a VERY short wait
while (fifoCount < packetSize) fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// read a packet from FIFO
mpu.getFIFOBytes(fifoBuffer, packetSize);
// track FIFO count here in case there is > 1 packet available
// (this lets us immediately read more without waiting for an interrupt)
fifoCount -= packetSize;
// Get Yaw, Pitch and Roll values
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL
mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer);
mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q);
mpu.dmpGetYawPitchRoll(ypr, &q, &gravity);
// Yaw, Pitch, Roll values - Radians to degrees
ypr[0] = ypr[0] * 180 / M_PI;
ypr[1] = ypr[1] * 180 / M_PI;
ypr[2] = ypr[2] * 180 / M_PI;
// Skip 300 readings (self-calibration process)
if (j <= 300) {
correct = ypr[0]; // Yaw starts at random value, so we capture last value after 300 readings
j++;
}
// After 300 readings
else {
ypr[0] = ypr[0] - correct; // Set the Yaw to 0 deg - subtract the last random Yaw value from the currrent value to make the Yaw 0 degrees
// Map the values of the MPU6050 sensor from -90 to 90 to values suatable for the servo control from 0 to 180
int servo0Value = map(ypr[0], -90, 90, 0, 180);
int servo1Value = map(ypr[1], -90, 90, 0, 180);
int servo2Value = map(ypr[2], -90, 90, 180, 0);
// Control the servos according to the MPU6050 orientation
servo0.write(servo0Value);
servo1.write(servo1Value);
servo2.write(servo2Value);
}
#endif
}
}
enter code here[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Pnpf.png
错误代码见图片。只有一个退出条件，所以我认为这是唯一的问题。
错误代码中的箭头(~~^~~~~~~)指向(2*16384);
这是 MPU6050 库代码中的 int 溢出警告，而不是您的代码中的警告。
在 Github 上，前段时间有人提出了关于此问题的 issue，在同一帖子中也有修复。
comments there 中建议的另一种消除此警告的解决方案是简单地将库代码中的“16384”更改为“16384L”。
请注意，i2cdevlib 有 247 个未解决的问题；我认为所有者不会很快解决这个特定问题。
这个代码是关于如何机电一体化的（不是我的，https://howtomechatronics.com/projects/diy-arduino-gimbal-self-stabilizing-platform/）。我正在研究 Arduino 万向节并使用此代码。它带来了一个错误，我将把它粘贴在底部。我搜索了此类错误，似乎是因为它的输出为负数但未定义为负数或可能太大。我不太确定要更改什么或如何更改它才能正常运行。我的偏航电机也有问题，我认为它可能被烧毁了，因为我的兄弟将它连接到 12V 电池并且应该只有 5V。我确信我可以禁用偏航（虽然不确定这是否会解决其他问题）但我不知道为了这样做需要编写哪些代码。
/*
DIY Gimbal - MPU6050 Arduino Tutorial
by Dejan, www.HowToMechatronics.com
Code based on the MPU6050_DMP6 example from the i2cdevlib library by Jeff Rowberg:
https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib
*/
// I2Cdev and MPU6050 must be installed as libraries, or else the .cpp/.h files
// for both classes must be in the include path of your project
#include "I2Cdev.h"
#include "MPU6050_6Axis_MotionApps20.h"
//#include "MPU6050.h" // not necessary if using MotionApps include file
// Arduino Wire library is required if I2Cdev I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE implementation
// is used in I2Cdev.h
#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE
#include "Wire.h"
#endif
#include <Servo.h>
// class default I2C address is 0x68
// specific I2C addresses may be passed as a parameter here
// AD0 low = 0x68 (default for SparkFun breakout and InvenSense evaluation board)
// AD0 high = 0x69
MPU6050 mpu;
//MPU6050 mpu(0x69); // <-- use for AD0 high
// Define the 3 servo motors
Servo servo0;
Servo servo1;
Servo servo2;
float correct;
int j = 0;
#define OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL
#define INTERRUPT_PIN 2 // use pin 2 on Arduino Uno & most boards
bool blinkState = false;
// MPU control/status vars
bool dmpReady = false; // set true if DMP init was successful
uint8_t mpuIntStatus; // holds actual interrupt status byte from MPU
uint8_t devStatus; // return status after each device operation (0 = success, !0 = error)
uint16_t packetSize; // expected DMP packet size (default is 42 bytes)
uint16_t fifoCount; // count of all bytes currently in FIFO
uint8_t fifoBuffer[64]; // FIFO storage buffer
// orientation/motion vars
Quaternion q; // [w, x, y, z] quaternion container
VectorInt16 aa; // [x, y, z] accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaReal; // [x, y, z] gravity-free accel sensor measurements
VectorInt16 aaWorld; // [x, y, z] world-frame accel sensor measurements
VectorFloat gravity; // [x, y, z] gravity vector
float euler[3]; // [psi, theta, phi] Euler angle container
float ypr[3]; // [yaw, pitch, roll] yaw/pitch/roll container and gravity vector
// packet structure for InvenSense teapot demo
uint8_t teapotPacket[14] = { '$', 0x02, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x00, 0x00, '\r', '\n' };
// ================================================================
// === INTERRUPT DETECTION ROUTINE ===
// ================================================================
volatile bool mpuInterrupt = false; // indicates whether MPU interrupt pin has gone high
void dmpDataReady() {
mpuInterrupt = true;
}
// ================================================================
// === INITIAL SETUP ===
// ================================================================
void setup() {
// join I2C bus (I2Cdev library doesn't do this automatically)
#if I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_ARDUINO_WIRE
Wire.begin();
Wire.setClock(400000); // 400kHz I2C clock. Comment this line if having compilation difficulties
#elif I2CDEV_IMPLEMENTATION == I2CDEV_BUILTIN_FASTWIRE
Fastwire::setup(400, true);
#endif
// initialize serial communication
// (115200 chosen because it is required for Teapot Demo output, but it's
// really up to you depending on your project)
Serial.begin(38400);
while (!Serial); // wait for Leonardo enumeration, others continue immediately
// initialize device
//Serial.println(F("Initializing I2C devices..."));
mpu.initialize();
pinMode(INTERRUPT_PIN, INPUT);
devStatus = mpu.dmpInitialize();
// supply your own gyro offsets here, scaled for min sensitivity
mpu.setXGyroOffset(17);
mpu.setYGyroOffset(-69);
mpu.setZGyroOffset(27);
mpu.setZAccelOffset(1551); // 1688 factory default for my test chip
// make sure it worked (returns 0 if so)
if (devStatus == 0) {
// turn on the DMP, now that it's ready
// Serial.println(F("Enabling DMP..."));
mpu.CalibrateAccel(6);
mpu.CalibrateGyro(6);
mpu.PrintActiveOffsets();
mpu.setDMPEnabled(true);
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(INTERRUPT_PIN), dmpDataReady, RISING);
mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// set our DMP Ready flag so the main loop() function knows it's okay to use it
//Serial.println(F("DMP ready! Waiting for first interrupt..."));
dmpReady = true;
// get expected DMP packet size for later comparison
packetSize = mpu.dmpGetFIFOPacketSize();
} else {
// ERROR!
// 1 = initial memory load failed
// 2 = DMP configuration updates failed
// (if it's going to break, usually the code will be 1)
// Serial.print(F("DMP Initialization failed (code "));
//Serial.print(devStatus);
//Serial.println(F(")"));
}
// Define the pins to which the 3 servo motors are connected
servo0.attach(10);
servo1.attach(9);
servo2.attach(8);
}
// ================================================================
// === MAIN PROGRAM LOOP ===
// ================================================================
void loop() {
// if programming failed, don't try to do anything
if (!dmpReady) return;
// wait for MPU interrupt or extra packet(s) available
while (!mpuInterrupt && fifoCount < packetSize) {
if (mpuInterrupt && fifoCount < packetSize) {
// try to get out of the infinite loop
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
}
}
// reset interrupt flag and get INT_STATUS byte
mpuInterrupt = false;
mpuIntStatus = mpu.getIntStatus();
// get current FIFO count
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// check for overflow (this should never happen unless our code is too inefficient)
if ((mpuIntStatus & _BV(MPU6050_INTERRUPT_FIFO_OFLOW_BIT)) || fifoCount >= 1024) {
// reset so we can continue cleanly
mpu.resetFIFO();
fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
Serial.println(F("FIFO overflow!"));
// otherwise, check for DMP data ready interrupt (this should happen frequently)
} else if (mpuIntStatus & _BV(MPU6050_INTERRUPT_DMP_INT_BIT)) {
// wait for correct available data length, should be a VERY short wait
while (fifoCount < packetSize) fifoCount = mpu.getFIFOCount();
// read a packet from FIFO
mpu.getFIFOBytes(fifoBuffer, packetSize);
// track FIFO count here in case there is > 1 packet available
// (this lets us immediately read more without waiting for an interrupt)
fifoCount -= packetSize;
// Get Yaw, Pitch and Roll values
#ifdef OUTPUT_READABLE_YAWPITCHROLL
mpu.dmpGetQuaternion(&q, fifoBuffer);
mpu.dmpGetGravity(&gravity, &q);
mpu.dmpGetYawPitchRoll(ypr, &q, &gravity);
// Yaw, Pitch, Roll values - Radians to degrees
ypr[0] = ypr[0] * 180 / M_PI;
ypr[1] = ypr[1] * 180 / M_PI;
ypr[2] = ypr[2] * 180 / M_PI;
// Skip 300 readings (self-calibration process)
if (j <= 300) {
correct = ypr[0]; // Yaw starts at random value, so we capture last value after 300 readings
j++;
}
// After 300 readings
else {
ypr[0] = ypr[0] - correct; // Set the Yaw to 0 deg - subtract the last random Yaw value from the currrent value to make the Yaw 0 degrees
// Map the values of the MPU6050 sensor from -90 to 90 to values suatable for the servo control from 0 to 180
int servo0Value = map(ypr[0], -90, 90, 0, 180);
int servo1Value = map(ypr[1], -90, 90, 0, 180);
int servo2Value = map(ypr[2], -90, 90, 180, 0);
// Control the servos according to the MPU6050 orientation
servo0.write(servo0Value);
servo1.write(servo1Value);
servo2.write(servo2Value);
}
#endif
}
}
enter code here[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/6Pnpf.png
错误代码见图片。只有一个退出条件，所以我认为这是唯一的问题。
错误代码中的箭头(~~^~~~~~~)指向(2*16384);
这是 MPU6050 库代码中的 int 溢出警告，而不是您的代码中的警告。
在 Github 上，前段时间有人提出了关于此问题的 issue，在同一帖子中也有修复。
comments there 中建议的另一种消除此警告的解决方案是简单地将库代码中的“16384”更改为“16384L”。
请注意，i2cdevlib 有 247 个未解决的问题；我认为所有者不会很快解决这个特定问题。