如何使用组、否定、环视在正则表达式中的模式之后匹配模式

Question

我有一个模式" -[^ ]* "，这里的引号是为了显示空格。我想匹配它之后的所有内容，直到再次遇到这种模式

像这样

(?<= -[^ ]* )[^( -[^ ]* )]*

或紧凑形式

p = ( -[^ ]* )

(?<=p)[^p]*

问题是我不能在 (?<= -[^ ]* ) 语句中使用 * 并且我不能在 [^( -[^ ]* )] 中使用 ()。在这两种情况下，这些字符都按字面意思处理

Answer 1

[^( -[^ ]* )]*是否定字符class，它匹配不同于圆括号、空格、连字符、脱字符等的字符。

使用

-[^ ]* ((?:(?! -[^ ]* ).)*)

见proof

说明

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -                        '-'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  [^ ]*                    any character except: ' ' (0 or more times
                           (matching the most amount possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                           ' '
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (                        group and capture to :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    (?:                      group, but do not capture (0 or more
                             times (matching the most amount
                             possible)):
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      (?!                      look ahead to see if there is not:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         -                       ' -'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        [^ ]*                    any character except: ' ' (0 or more
                                 times (matching the most amount
                                 possible))
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 ' '
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      )                        end of look-ahead
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
      .                        any character except \n
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    )*                       end of grouping
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of

如何使用组、否定、环视在正则表达式中的模式之后匹配模式

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