std::any 包含 std::tuple<std::any> 编译失败
std::any containing std::tuple<std::any> fails to compile
我意识到嵌套 std::any 不是个好主意。然而，我遇到了一些让我抓耳挠腮的事情，我只是想了解为什么编译器会窒息。考虑以下代码行（假设 arg 变量是一个包含另一个 std::any 的 std::any）：
auto result = std::any_cast<std::any>(arg);
该行编译得很好。现在，考虑这一行，其中我有一个 std::any 包含一个 std::tuple，其中包含另一个 std::any:
auto result = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(arg);
现在，编译器崩溃了。这些是我得到的错误：
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:1:
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/include/trogdor/game.h:5:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:37:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/new:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/exception:144:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/nested_exception.h:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/move.h:55:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:132:31: error: no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B2, _B1>::type
~~~~~^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:170:17: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__and_<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >' requested here
enable_if<__and_<is_copy_constructible<_Tp>,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:175:5: note: in instantiation of template type alias '__any_constructible' requested here
using __any_constructible_t =
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:181:56: note: in instantiation of template type alias '__any_constructible_t' requested here
__any_constructible_t<_Tp, _ValueType&&> = true,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:183:7: note: while substituting prior template arguments into non-type template parameter [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = std::tuple<std::any>, _Mgr = std::any::_Manager_external<std::tuple<std::any> >]
any(_ValueType&& __value)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:56: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'any' [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = (no value), _Mgr = (no value), = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:32: note: (skipping 2 contexts in backtrace; use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to see all)
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:908:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__is_copy_constructible_impl<std::tuple<std::any>, true>' requested here
: public __is_copy_constructible_impl<_Tp>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:109:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B1, _B2>::type
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:358:16: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__or_<std::is_reference<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> > >' requested here
{ return __or_<is_reference<_Tp>, is_copy_constructible<_Tp>>::value; }
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:481:26: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any::__is_valid_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
^
/home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:42:32: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
auto arg = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(a);
^
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:1:
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/include/trogdor/game.h:5:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:37:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/new:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/exception:144:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/nested_exception.h:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/move.h:55:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:137:31: error: no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
: public conditional<_B1::value, __and_<_B2, _B3, _Bn...>, _B1>::type
~~~~~^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:150:37: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__and_<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::__not_<std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >, std::__not_<std::__is_in_place_type<std::tuple<std::any> > > >' requested here
inline constexpr bool __and_v = __and_<_Bn...>::value;
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:192:27: note: in instantiation of variable template specialization 'std::__and_v<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::__not_<std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >, std::__not_<std::__is_in_place_type<std::tuple<std::any> > > >' requested here
enable_if_t<__and_v<is_copy_constructible<_Tp>,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:196:7: note: while substituting prior template arguments into non-type template parameter [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = std::tuple<std::any>, _Mgr = std::any::_Manager_external<std::tuple<std::any> >]
any(_ValueType&& __value)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:56: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'any' [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = (no value), _Mgr = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:32: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'tuple' [with _Dummy = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:902:14: note: (skipping 1 context in backtrace; use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to see all)
: public is_constructible<_Tp, const _Tp&>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:908:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__is_copy_constructible_impl<std::tuple<std::any>, true>' requested here
: public __is_copy_constructible_impl<_Tp>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:109:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B1, _B2>::type
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:358:16: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__or_<std::is_reference<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> > >' requested here
{ return __or_<is_reference<_Tp>, is_copy_constructible<_Tp>>::value; }
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:481:26: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any::__is_valid_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
^
/home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:42:32: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
auto arg = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(a);
我很难打开所有这些包并弄清楚哪里出了问题以及如何解决它。
编辑： 我们在评论中发现此代码无法在 G++ 9 及以下版本下编译，但可在 G++ 10 及更高版本上编译，并且在 clang 10 上也失败及以下，但在 clang 11 及更高版本上编译。有人猜到为什么会这样吗？
关键部分错误：no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
这是编译器抱怨指定对象 std::tuple 不可复制构造的方式。
您的 gcc 显然不相信 std::tuplestd::any 是可复制构造的。如果元组中的所有内容都是可复制构造的，则元组本身应该是可复制构造的。鉴于 std::any 是 C++17，并且 gcc 9 的 C++17 支持不完整，至少在 C++17 的这一部分不完整（gcc 11 的功能列表仍然包含一些 C++17 功能).
我意识到嵌套 std::any 不是个好主意。然而，我遇到了一些让我抓耳挠腮的事情，我只是想了解为什么编译器会窒息。考虑以下代码行（假设 arg 变量是一个包含另一个 std::any 的 std::any）：
auto result = std::any_cast<std::any>(arg);
该行编译得很好。现在，考虑这一行，其中我有一个 std::any 包含一个 std::tuple，其中包含另一个 std::any:
auto result = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(arg);
现在，编译器崩溃了。这些是我得到的错误：
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:1:
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/include/trogdor/game.h:5:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:37:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/new:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/exception:144:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/nested_exception.h:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/move.h:55:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:132:31: error: no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B2, _B1>::type
~~~~~^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:170:17: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__and_<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >' requested here
enable_if<__and_<is_copy_constructible<_Tp>,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:175:5: note: in instantiation of template type alias '__any_constructible' requested here
using __any_constructible_t =
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:181:56: note: in instantiation of template type alias '__any_constructible_t' requested here
__any_constructible_t<_Tp, _ValueType&&> = true,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:183:7: note: while substituting prior template arguments into non-type template parameter [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = std::tuple<std::any>, _Mgr = std::any::_Manager_external<std::tuple<std::any> >]
any(_ValueType&& __value)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:56: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'any' [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = (no value), _Mgr = (no value), = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:32: note: (skipping 2 contexts in backtrace; use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to see all)
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:908:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__is_copy_constructible_impl<std::tuple<std::any>, true>' requested here
: public __is_copy_constructible_impl<_Tp>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:109:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B1, _B2>::type
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:358:16: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__or_<std::is_reference<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> > >' requested here
{ return __or_<is_reference<_Tp>, is_copy_constructible<_Tp>>::value; }
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:481:26: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any::__is_valid_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
^
/home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:42:32: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
auto arg = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(a);
^
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:1:
In file included from /home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/include/trogdor/game.h:5:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:37:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/new:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/exception:144:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/nested_exception.h:40:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/bits/move.h:55:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:137:31: error: no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
: public conditional<_B1::value, __and_<_B2, _B3, _Bn...>, _B1>::type
~~~~~^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:150:37: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__and_<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::__not_<std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >, std::__not_<std::__is_in_place_type<std::tuple<std::any> > > >' requested here
inline constexpr bool __and_v = __and_<_Bn...>::value;
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:192:27: note: in instantiation of variable template specialization 'std::__and_v<std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::__not_<std::is_constructible<std::tuple<std::any>, const std::tuple<std::any> &> >, std::__not_<std::__is_in_place_type<std::tuple<std::any> > > >' requested here
enable_if_t<__and_v<is_copy_constructible<_Tp>,
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:196:7: note: while substituting prior template arguments into non-type template parameter [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = std::tuple<std::any>, _Mgr = std::any::_Manager_external<std::tuple<std::any> >]
any(_ValueType&& __value)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:56: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'any' [with _ValueType = const std::tuple<std::any> &, _Tp = (no value), _Mgr = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:884:32: note: while substituting deduced template arguments into function template 'tuple' [with _Dummy = (no value), = (no value)]
: public __bool_constant<__is_constructible(_Tp, _Args...)>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:902:14: note: (skipping 1 context in backtrace; use -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0 to see all)
: public is_constructible<_Tp, const _Tp&>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:908:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__is_copy_constructible_impl<std::tuple<std::any>, true>' requested here
: public __is_copy_constructible_impl<_Tp>
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/type_traits:109:14: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
: public conditional<_B1::value, _B1, _B2>::type
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:358:16: note: in instantiation of template class 'std::__or_<std::is_reference<std::tuple<std::any> >, std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> > >' requested here
{ return __or_<is_reference<_Tp>, is_copy_constructible<_Tp>>::value; }
^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/9/../../../../include/c++/9/any:481:26: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any::__is_valid_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
static_assert(any::__is_valid_cast<_ValueType>(),
^
/home/james/git/trogdor-pp/src/core/event/triggers/luaeventtrigger.cpp:42:32: note: in instantiation of function template specialization 'std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any> >' requested here
auto arg = std::any_cast<std::tuple<std::any>>(a);
我很难打开所有这些包并弄清楚哪里出了问题以及如何解决它。
编辑： 我们在评论中发现此代码无法在 G++ 9 及以下版本下编译，但可在 G++ 10 及更高版本上编译，并且在 clang 10 上也失败及以下，但在 clang 11 及更高版本上编译。有人猜到为什么会这样吗？
关键部分错误：no member named 'value' in 'std::is_copy_constructible<std::tuple<std::any> >'
这是编译器抱怨指定对象 std::tuple 不可复制构造的方式。
您的 gcc 显然不相信 std::tuplestd::any 是可复制构造的。如果元组中的所有内容都是可复制构造的，则元组本身应该是可复制构造的。鉴于 std::any 是 C++17，并且 gcc 9 的 C++17 支持不完整，至少在 C++17 的这一部分不完整（gcc 11 的功能列表仍然包含一些 C++17 功能).