缺少 1 个必需的位置参数?

missing 1 required positional argument?

我不明白这段代码有什么问题?它一直给我一个错误。我不想创建 class。 它一直给我“主函数中缺少 1 个必需的位置参数 'choice'。 有人有什么建议吗? 该脚本应该是一个具有所有功能的菜单 连接到主。 我试着做 elif 的,希望它有帮助。 我可能需要使用“self”

import socket
import uuid
import os
import re

HNAME=1
IP=2
MAC=3
ARP=4
ROUT=5
QUIT=6



def get_user_choice(choice):
    print("Network Toolkit Menu")
    print("_____________________________________")
    print("1. Display the Host Name")
    print("2. Display the IP Address")
    print("3. Display the MAC Address")
    print("4. Display the ARP Table")
    print("5. Display the Routing Table")
    print("6. Quit")
    print()
    
    choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
    print()
    return choice

def choicefun(choice):
   
    while choice > QUIT or choice < HNAME:
        
        choice = int(input("Please enter a valid number: "))
        print()
        
    return choice

def get_hostname(host):
    host=socket.gethostname()
    print("\n The host name is: ", host)
    #return host

def get_ipaddr(ipv4):
    ipv4=socket.gethostbyname()
    print("\n The IPv4 address of the system is: ", ipv4)
    #return ipv4

def get_mac(ele):
    print ("The MAC address is : ", end="") 
    print (':'.join(['{:02x}'.format((uuid.getnode() >> ele) & 0xff) 
    for ele in range(0,8*6,8)][::-1]))

def get_arp(line):
    print("ARP Table")
    with os.popen('arp -a') as f:
        data=f.read()
    for line in re.findall('([-.0-9]+)\s+([-0-9a-f]{17})\s+(\w+)',data):
        print(line)
    return line

def __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip(ip):
    print("Routing table\n: ")
    table=os.popen('route table')
    print(table)

def main(choice):
    counter=False
    while counter==False:
        get_user_choice()
        choicefun()
        if choice == 6:
            counter==True
        elif choice == 1:
            get_hostname()
        elif choice == 2:
            get_ipaddr()
        elif choice == 3:
           get_mac() 
        elif choice== 4:
            get_arp()
        elif choice == 5:
            __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip()

main()
        get_user_choice(choice)

您错过了将选择作为参数传递

这可行:

import socket
import uuid
import os
import re

HNAME=1
IP=2
MAC=3
ARP=4
ROUT=5
QUIT=6



def get_user_choice():
    print("Network Toolkit Menu")
    print("_____________________________________")
    print("1. Display the Host Name")
    print("2. Display the IP Address")
    print("3. Display the MAC Address")
    print("4. Display the ARP Table")
    print("5. Display the Routing Table")
    print("6. Quit")
    print()
    
    choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
    
    return choice

def choicefun(choice):
   
    while choice > QUIT or choice < HNAME:
        
        choice = int(input("Please enter a valid number: "))
        print()
        
    return choice

def get_hostname(host):
    host=socket.gethostname()
    print("\n The host name is: ", host)
    #return host

def get_ipaddr(ipv4):
    ipv4=socket.gethostbyname()
    print("\n The IPv4 address of the system is: ", ipv4)
    #return ipv4

def get_mac(ele):
    print ("The MAC address is : ", end="") 
    print (':'.join(['{:02x}'.format((uuid.getnode() >> ele) & 0xff) 
    for ele in range(0,8*6,8)][::-1]))

def get_arp(line):
    print("ARP Table")
    with os.popen('arp -a') as f:
        data=f.read()
    for line in re.findall('([-.0-9]+)\s+([-0-9a-f]{17})\s+(\w+)',data):
        print(line)
    return line

def __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip(ip):
    print("Routing table\n: ")
    table=os.popen('route table')
    print(table)

def main():
    counter=False
    while counter==False:
        choice = get_user_choice()
        choicefun(choice)         
        if str(choice) == "6":            
            counter==True
        elif str(choice) == "1":
            get_hostname()
        elif str(choice) == "2":
            get_ipaddr()
        elif str(choice) == "3":
           get_mac() 
        elif str(choice)== "4":
            get_arp()
        elif str(choice) == "5":
            __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip()

main()

你的问题是你没有将所需的参数传递给函数内部。

发生这种情况是因为您在调用 main 函数时没有相应的 choice 参数:

def main(choice):
    ...
main()

您需要传递 choice 参数或从函数中删除 choice 参数。似乎 choice 主要由 get_user_choice() 定义,在这种情况下,代码可以读取:

def main():
    counter=False
    while counter==False:
        choice = get_user_choice()
...

但是,get_user_choice 函数也有一个 choice 参数。由于此参数被 choice = int(input("Enter your choice: ")) 覆盖,您可能希望将函数定义为:

def get_user_choice():
    ...

问题很简单:当你定义一个需要它的时候,你调用你的 main 函数时没有参数。

def main(choice):
    ...

main() #<-here

您需要传递一个值作为您的初始选择,或者将其从 main 定义中删除

选项 1 像这样称呼它

main(1)

选项 2

def main():
    ...

但这会给你留下第二个问题,在你的主要功能中,那就是你永远不会在这里分配或更改 choice 变量你从 get_user_choice 获得的值所以你会根据你解决第一个问题的方式得到第二个错误,或者因为选择没有改变而陷入无限循环

我认为你应该重新评估你的设计:

def get_user_choice(choice):
print("Network Toolkit Menu")

选择未设置,因此传递尚未创建的参数没有用。
当您创建像您这样的脚本时,Python 是一种过程和动态编程语言(即使对此有很多争论,也请接受它),从第一行到最后一行执行您的代码。 这样就可以了

  1. get_user_choice
  2. 选择乐趣
  3. get_hostname
  4. get_ipaddr
  5. get_mac
  6. get_arp
  7. __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip
  8. def main(选择):
  9. 主要(选择)

import socket
import uuid
import os
import re

HNAME=1
IP=2
MAC=3
ARP=4
ROUT=5
QUIT=6

def get_user_choice():
    print("Network Toolkit Menu")
    print("_____________________________________")
    print("1. Display the Host Name")
    print("2. Display the IP Address")
    print("3. Display the MAC Address")
    print("4. Display the ARP Table")
    print("5. Display the Routing Table")
    print("6. Quit")
    print()#???
    choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
    print("Your Choice is {0}".format(choice))
    return choice

def choicefun(choice):
    while choice > QUIT or choice < HNAME:
        choice = int(input("Please enter a valid number: "))
        print()#Wtf?
    return choice
def get_hostname(host):
    host=socket.gethostname()
    print("\n The host name is: ", host)
    #return host
def get_ipaddr(ipv4):
    ipv4=socket.gethostbyname()
    print("\n The IPv4 address of the system is: ", ipv4)
    #return ipv4
def get_mac(ele):
    print ("The MAC address is : ", end="")
    print (':'.join(['{:02x}'.format((uuid.getnode() >> ele) & 0xff)
                     for ele in range(0,8*6,8)][::-1]))
def get_arp(line):
    print("ARP Table")
    with os.popen('arp -a') as f:
        data=f.read()
    for line in re.findall('([-.0-9]+)\s+([-0-9a-f]{17})\s+(\w+)',data):
        print(line)
    return line
def __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip(ip):
    print("Routing table\n: ")
    table=os.popen('route table')
    print(table)
    
def main():
    counter=False
    #while !counter :
    while counter==False:
        choice = get_user_choice()
        choicefun(choice)#you forgot to pass choice parameter
        if choice == 6:
            counter==True
        elif choice == 1:
            get_hostname()
        elif choice == 2:
            get_ipaddr()
        elif choice == 3:
            get_mac()#you need to return something and save it in a variable
        elif choice== 4:
            get_arp()#same
        elif choice == 5:
            __pyroute2_get_host_by_ip(#??)#you need to pass the parameter ip

if __name__ == 'main':
   main()

我修正了一点: 如果您刚开始并且没有太多经验,请记住写下函数的输入、输出和目的。 第2点,如果你调用一个函数名中有“get”的函数, 你必须做 variableOfReturn = getMyfunction(parameter1,paramater2...)
第 3 点,始终检查函数的声明,如果它需要参数,则必须以两种方式传递它:使用已设置或静态的变量 像 choicefun(2).
没有必要创建一个 class,如果你想有一个像菜单一样调用其他功能的中心功能,使用 if __name__ == '__main__' :

coding 101 有一些严重缺乏的要领,注意,你最好试试codechef或其他系统。