Apache 中的 Pygal 导入失败
Pygal import failure in apache
我正在尝试 运行 一个显示 pygal 图的简单 Flask 网络应用程序。当我 运行 它与 python 开发服务器一起使用时,应用程序 运行 没问题。但是,当我尝试在 apache2 中 运行 它时,出现以下错误:
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745469 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] mod_wsgi (pid=17741): Failed to exec Python script file '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi'.
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745521 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] mod_wsgi (pid=17741): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi'.
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745553 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745586 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi", line 8, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745650 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] from FlaskApp import app as application
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745665 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745707 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] import pygal
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745723 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pygal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745786 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] import pkg_resources
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745838 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1365
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745850 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] raise SyntaxError(e) from e
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745857 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] ^
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745864 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] SyntaxError: invalid syntax
这是我运行宁
的代码
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pygal
from flask import Flask, Response
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
""" render svg on html """
return """
<html>
<body>
<h1>hello pygal</h1>
<figure>
<embed type="image/svg+xml" src="/graph/" />
</figure>
</body>
</html>'
"""
@app.route('/graph/')
def graph():
""" render svg graph """
bar_chart = pygal.Bar()
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
return Response(response=bar_chart.render(), content_type='image/svg+xml')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
(请注意,此代码只是从 github 复制的示例)
这是我的 apache 站点配置:
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName flaskapp.localhost
ServerAdmin me@email.com
WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi
<Directory /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
Alias /static /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/static
<Directory /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/static/>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
DocumentRoot /var/www/FlaskApp
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/apache-selfsigned.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/FlaskApp-error.log
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/FlaskApp-access.log combined
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
</VirtualHost>
这是我的 wsgi 文件:
python_home = '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv'
activate_this = python_home + '/bin/activate_this.py'
execfile(activate_this, dict(__file__=activate_this))
import sys
import logging
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stderr)
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/")
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/")
from FlaskApp import app as application
application.secret_key = 'secret key stuff'
以下是有关我的环境的一些详细信息:
Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
Python3.8.5(安装在虚拟环境中)
如有任何想法,我们将不胜感激!
似乎 python 解释器被编译到 mod_wsgi.so 文件中。 Apache 指向一个旧版本,其中包括 python2。为了修复它,我做了以下操作:
- 通过执行
sudo apt-get remove libapache2-mod-wsgi
删除了旧版本的 mod_wsgi
- 修改 /etc/apache2/mods-available/mod_wsgi.load 以指向我的虚拟环境中的库 (.so) 文件。 mod_wsgi 的内容如下所示:
LoadModule wsgi_module /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi-py38.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
我怀疑在这里修改它会将所有 Apache 虚拟主机指向这个 python 虚拟环境,这并不是很理想。如果每个 Apache 虚拟主机都指向自己的 python 环境就更好了。
- 修改了我的 wsgi 文件以使用新版本的 python。内容如下:
import sys
import logging
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stderr)
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/")
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/")
from FlaskApp import app as application
application.secret_key = 'secret key stuff'
- 将我的
__init__.py
文件中的本地导入更改为前面有一个点 (.)
经过这些更改后,网站现在可以按预期运行。
我正在尝试 运行 一个显示 pygal 图的简单 Flask 网络应用程序。当我 运行 它与 python 开发服务器一起使用时,应用程序 运行 没问题。但是,当我尝试在 apache2 中 运行 它时,出现以下错误:
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745469 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] mod_wsgi (pid=17741): Failed to exec Python script file '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi'.
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745521 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] mod_wsgi (pid=17741): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi'.
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745553 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745586 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi", line 8, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745650 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] from FlaskApp import app as application
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745665 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/__init__.py", line 2, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745707 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] import pygal
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745723 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pygal/__init__.py", line 28, in <module>
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745786 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] import pkg_resources
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745838 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] File "/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1365
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745850 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] raise SyntaxError(e) from e
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745857 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] ^
[Thu Dec 10 19:55:22.745864 2020] [wsgi:error] [pid 17741] [client ::1:34366] SyntaxError: invalid syntax
这是我运行宁
的代码# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pygal
from flask import Flask, Response
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index():
""" render svg on html """
return """
<html>
<body>
<h1>hello pygal</h1>
<figure>
<embed type="image/svg+xml" src="/graph/" />
</figure>
</body>
</html>'
"""
@app.route('/graph/')
def graph():
""" render svg graph """
bar_chart = pygal.Bar()
bar_chart.add('Fibonacci', [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55])
return Response(response=bar_chart.render(), content_type='image/svg+xml')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
(请注意,此代码只是从 github 复制的示例)
这是我的 apache 站点配置:
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName flaskapp.localhost
ServerAdmin me@email.com
WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp.wsgi
<Directory /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
Alias /static /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/static
<Directory /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/static/>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
DocumentRoot /var/www/FlaskApp
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/apache-selfsigned.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/apache-selfsigned.key
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/FlaskApp-error.log
LogLevel warn
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/FlaskApp-access.log combined
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
</VirtualHost>
这是我的 wsgi 文件:
python_home = '/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv'
activate_this = python_home + '/bin/activate_this.py'
execfile(activate_this, dict(__file__=activate_this))
import sys
import logging
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stderr)
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/")
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/")
from FlaskApp import app as application
application.secret_key = 'secret key stuff'
以下是有关我的环境的一些详细信息:
Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS
Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
Python3.8.5(安装在虚拟环境中)
如有任何想法,我们将不胜感激!
似乎 python 解释器被编译到 mod_wsgi.so 文件中。 Apache 指向一个旧版本,其中包括 python2。为了修复它,我做了以下操作:
- 通过执行
sudo apt-get remove libapache2-mod-wsgi
删除了旧版本的 mod_wsgi
- 修改 /etc/apache2/mods-available/mod_wsgi.load 以指向我的虚拟环境中的库 (.so) 文件。 mod_wsgi 的内容如下所示:
LoadModule wsgi_module /var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/mod_wsgi/server/mod_wsgi-py38.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
我怀疑在这里修改它会将所有 Apache 虚拟主机指向这个 python 虚拟环境,这并不是很理想。如果每个 Apache 虚拟主机都指向自己的 python 环境就更好了。
- 修改了我的 wsgi 文件以使用新版本的 python。内容如下:
import sys
import logging
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stderr)
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/")
sys.path.insert(0,"/var/www/FlaskApp/FlaskApp/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/")
from FlaskApp import app as application
application.secret_key = 'secret key stuff'
- 将我的
__init__.py
文件中的本地导入更改为前面有一个点 (.)
经过这些更改后,网站现在可以按预期运行。