通常不能使用 tkinter 和 class 为两个计算器工作
cant normally work for two calculator with tkinter and class
我已经创建了一个 class 可以 运行 我的计算器与 tkinter，但我只能 运行 一个实例。 运行两个实例时，一个计算器能用，另一个能显示，但不能用。如何使用此 class 同时创建不同的计算器。这是我的代码，谢谢。
import tkinter as tk
class calculator:
def __init__(self, win):
self.win = win
self.win.configure(background="light green")
self.win.title("Simple Calculator")
self.win.geometry("270x160")
self.expression = ''
self.equation = tk.StringVar()
self.equation.set('enter your expression')
self.expression_field = tk.Entry(self.win, textvariable=self.equation).grid(columnspan=4,
ipadx=70) # this is the display in calculator
self.button1 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 1 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(1), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=0)
self.button2 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 2 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(2), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=1)
self.button3 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 3 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(3), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=2)
self.button4 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 4 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(4), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=0)
self.button5 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 5 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(5), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=1)
self.button6 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 6 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(6), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=2)
self.button7 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 7 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(7), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=0)
self.button8 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 8 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(8), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=1)
self.button9 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 9 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(9), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=2)
self.button0 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 0 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(0), height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=0)
self.plus = tk.Button(self.win, text=' + ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("+"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=3)
self.minus = tk.Button(self.win, text=' - ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("-"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=3)
self.multiply = tk.Button(self.win, text=' * ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("*"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=3)
self.divide = tk.Button(self.win, text=' / ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("/"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=3)
self.equal = tk.Button(self.win, text=' = ', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.equalpress, height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=2)
self.clear = tk.Button(self.win, text='Clear', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.clear, height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=1)
self.Decimal = tk.Button(self.win, text='.', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press('.'), height=1, width=7).grid(row=6, column=0)
def press(self, num):
self.expression = self.expression + str(num)
self.equation.set(self.expression) # variable 'equation' is set in below code
def equalpress(self):
try:
total = str(eval(self.expression)) # perform action from string
self.equation.set(total)
self.expression = ""
except:
self.equation.set(" error ")
self.expression = ""
def clear(self):
self.expression = ""
self.equation.set("")
您只需创建一个 tk.root，并将其传递给 class Calculator 的两个实例。
实现此目的的一种方法是让 Calculator 继承自 tk.Toplevel.
我在根 window 上添加了一个 spawn button - 你可以根据需要生成任意数量的计算器实例（在合理范围内！）。
注意.grid()方法returnsNone；你不能分配给一个变量，并且grid在同一行。
像这样：
import tkinter as tk
class Calculator(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, title):
super().__init__(bg="light green")
self.title = title
self.geometry("270x160")
self.expression = ''
self.equation = tk.StringVar()
self.equation.set('enter your expression')
self.expression_field = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.equation)
self.expression_field.grid(columnspan=4, ipadx=70) # this is the display in calculator
self.button1 = tk.Button(self, text=' 1 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(1), height=1, width=7)
self.button1.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.button2 = tk.Button(self, text=' 2 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(2), height=1, width=7)
self.button2.grid(row=2, column=1)
self.button3 = tk.Button(self, text=' 3 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(3), height=1, width=7)
self.button3.grid(row=2, column=2)
self.button4 = tk.Button(self, text=' 4 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(4), height=1, width=7)
self.button4.grid(row=3, column=0)
self.button5 = tk.Button(self, text=' 5 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(5), height=1, width=7)
self.button5.grid(row=3, column=1)
self.button6 = tk.Button(self, text=' 6 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(6), height=1, width=7)
self.button6.grid(row=3, column=2)
self.button7 = tk.Button(self, text=' 7 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(7), height=1, width=7)
self.button7.grid(row=4, column=0)
self.button8 = tk.Button(self, text=' 8 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(8), height=1, width=7)
self.button8.grid(row=4, column=1)
self.button9 = tk.Button(self, text=' 9 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(9), height=1, width=7)
self.button9.grid(row=4, column=2)
self.button0 = tk.Button(self, text=' 0 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(0), height=1, width=7)
self.button0.grid(row=5, column=0)
self.plus = tk.Button(self, text=' + ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("+"), height=1, width=7)
self.plus.grid(row=2, column=3)
self.minus = tk.Button(self, text=' - ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("-"), height=1, width=7)
self.minus.grid(row=3, column=3)
self.multiply = tk.Button(self, text=' * ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("*"), height=1, width=7)
self.multiply.grid(row=4, column=3)
self.divide = tk.Button(self, text=' / ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("/"), height=1, width=7)
self.divide.grid(row=5, column=3)
self.equal = tk.Button(self, text=' = ', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.equalpress, height=1, width=7)
self.equal.grid(row=5, column=2)
self.clear = tk.Button(self, text='Clear', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.clear, height=1, width=7)
self.clear.grid(row=5, column=1)
self.Decimal = tk.Button(self, text='.', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press('.'), height=1, width=7)
self.Decimal.grid(row=6, column=0)
def press(self, num):
self.expression = self.expression + str(num)
self.equation.set(self.expression) # variable 'equation' is set in below code
def equalpress(self):
try:
total = str(eval(self.expression)) # perform action from string
self.equation.set(total)
self.expression = ""
except:
self.equation.set(" error ")
self.expression = ""
def clear(self):
self.expression = ""
self.equation.set("")
root = tk.Tk()
numcalc = 1
tk.Button(root, text='spawn new calc', command=lambda: Calculator(f'calc no: {numcalc}')).pack()
root.mainloop()
我已经创建了一个 class 可以 运行 我的计算器与 tkinter，但我只能 运行 一个实例。 运行两个实例时，一个计算器能用，另一个能显示，但不能用。如何使用此 class 同时创建不同的计算器。这是我的代码，谢谢。
import tkinter as tk
class calculator:
def __init__(self, win):
self.win = win
self.win.configure(background="light green")
self.win.title("Simple Calculator")
self.win.geometry("270x160")
self.expression = ''
self.equation = tk.StringVar()
self.equation.set('enter your expression')
self.expression_field = tk.Entry(self.win, textvariable=self.equation).grid(columnspan=4,
ipadx=70) # this is the display in calculator
self.button1 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 1 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(1), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=0)
self.button2 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 2 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(2), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=1)
self.button3 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 3 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(3), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=2)
self.button4 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 4 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(4), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=0)
self.button5 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 5 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(5), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=1)
self.button6 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 6 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(6), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=2)
self.button7 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 7 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(7), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=0)
self.button8 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 8 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(8), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=1)
self.button9 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 9 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(9), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=2)
self.button0 = tk.Button(self.win, text=' 0 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(0), height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=0)
self.plus = tk.Button(self.win, text=' + ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("+"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=2, column=3)
self.minus = tk.Button(self.win, text=' - ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("-"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=3, column=3)
self.multiply = tk.Button(self.win, text=' * ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("*"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=4, column=3)
self.divide = tk.Button(self.win, text=' / ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("/"), height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=3)
self.equal = tk.Button(self.win, text=' = ', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.equalpress, height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=2)
self.clear = tk.Button(self.win, text='Clear', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.clear, height=1, width=7).grid(row=5, column=1)
self.Decimal = tk.Button(self.win, text='.', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press('.'), height=1, width=7).grid(row=6, column=0)
def press(self, num):
self.expression = self.expression + str(num)
self.equation.set(self.expression) # variable 'equation' is set in below code
def equalpress(self):
try:
total = str(eval(self.expression)) # perform action from string
self.equation.set(total)
self.expression = ""
except:
self.equation.set(" error ")
self.expression = ""
def clear(self):
self.expression = ""
self.equation.set("")
您只需创建一个 tk.root，并将其传递给 class Calculator 的两个实例。
实现此目的的一种方法是让 Calculator 继承自 tk.Toplevel.
我在根 window 上添加了一个 spawn button - 你可以根据需要生成任意数量的计算器实例（在合理范围内！）。
注意.grid()方法returnsNone；你不能分配给一个变量，并且grid在同一行。
像这样：
import tkinter as tk
class Calculator(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, title):
super().__init__(bg="light green")
self.title = title
self.geometry("270x160")
self.expression = ''
self.equation = tk.StringVar()
self.equation.set('enter your expression')
self.expression_field = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.equation)
self.expression_field.grid(columnspan=4, ipadx=70) # this is the display in calculator
self.button1 = tk.Button(self, text=' 1 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(1), height=1, width=7)
self.button1.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.button2 = tk.Button(self, text=' 2 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(2), height=1, width=7)
self.button2.grid(row=2, column=1)
self.button3 = tk.Button(self, text=' 3 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(3), height=1, width=7)
self.button3.grid(row=2, column=2)
self.button4 = tk.Button(self, text=' 4 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(4), height=1, width=7)
self.button4.grid(row=3, column=0)
self.button5 = tk.Button(self, text=' 5 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(5), height=1, width=7)
self.button5.grid(row=3, column=1)
self.button6 = tk.Button(self, text=' 6 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(6), height=1, width=7)
self.button6.grid(row=3, column=2)
self.button7 = tk.Button(self, text=' 7 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(7), height=1, width=7)
self.button7.grid(row=4, column=0)
self.button8 = tk.Button(self, text=' 8 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(8), height=1, width=7)
self.button8.grid(row=4, column=1)
self.button9 = tk.Button(self, text=' 9 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(9), height=1, width=7)
self.button9.grid(row=4, column=2)
self.button0 = tk.Button(self, text=' 0 ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press(0), height=1, width=7)
self.button0.grid(row=5, column=0)
self.plus = tk.Button(self, text=' + ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("+"), height=1, width=7)
self.plus.grid(row=2, column=3)
self.minus = tk.Button(self, text=' - ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("-"), height=1, width=7)
self.minus.grid(row=3, column=3)
self.multiply = tk.Button(self, text=' * ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("*"), height=1, width=7)
self.multiply.grid(row=4, column=3)
self.divide = tk.Button(self, text=' / ', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press("/"), height=1, width=7)
self.divide.grid(row=5, column=3)
self.equal = tk.Button(self, text=' = ', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.equalpress, height=1, width=7)
self.equal.grid(row=5, column=2)
self.clear = tk.Button(self, text='Clear', fg='black', bg='red', command=self.clear, height=1, width=7)
self.clear.grid(row=5, column=1)
self.Decimal = tk.Button(self, text='.', fg='black', bg='red', command=lambda: self.press('.'), height=1, width=7)
self.Decimal.grid(row=6, column=0)
def press(self, num):
self.expression = self.expression + str(num)
self.equation.set(self.expression) # variable 'equation' is set in below code
def equalpress(self):
try:
total = str(eval(self.expression)) # perform action from string
self.equation.set(total)
self.expression = ""
except:
self.equation.set(" error ")
self.expression = ""
def clear(self):
self.expression = ""
self.equation.set("")
root = tk.Tk()
numcalc = 1
tk.Button(root, text='spawn new calc', command=lambda: Calculator(f'calc no: {numcalc}')).pack()
root.mainloop()