使用 matplotlib .pyplot 绘制直方图和位于直方图上的平滑曲线

Question

我曾尝试使用 matplotlib 和 pandas 绘制直方图，但是在绘制平滑曲线时它给了我一个错误，请你帮忙解决这个问题，也许给我一些绘制平滑曲线的方法使用 matplotlib 在直方图上绘制曲线我正在尝试不使用任何其他库（seaborn）这里是代码

mu,sigma = 100,15   
plt.style.use('dark_background')
x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn(10000)
n,bins,patches = plt.hist(x,bins=50,density=1,facecolor='g',alpha = 0.5)
zee=bins[:-1]
plt.plot(np.round(zee),patches,'ro')
plt.xlabel('Smarts')
plt.ylabel('Probablity')
plt.title('Histogram of the Iq')
plt.axis([40,160,0,0.03])
plt.grid(1)
plt.show()

显示的错误是

 python3 -u "/home/somesh/Downloads/vscode_code/python ml course /firstml.py"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/somesh/Downloads/vscode_code/python ml course /firstml.py", line 149, in <module>
    plt.plot(np.round(zee),patches,'ro')
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 2840, in plot
    return gca().plot(
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_axes.py", line 1745, in plot
    self.add_line(line)
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 1964, in add_line
    self._update_line_limits(line)
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/axes/_base.py", line 1986, in _update_line_limits
    path = line.get_path()
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/lines.py", line 1011, in get_path
    self.recache()
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/lines.py", line 658, in recache
    y = _to_unmasked_float_array(yconv).ravel()
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/matplotlib/cbook/__init__.py", line 1289, in _to_unmasked_float_array
    return np.asarray(x, float)
  File "/home/somesh/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/numpy/core/_asarray.py", line 85, in asarray
    return array(a, dtype, copy=False, order=order)
TypeError: float() argument must be a string or a number, not 'Rectangle'

是否可以仅使用 matplotlib 库绘制平滑曲线

编辑 1：感谢您的回答，我终于能够发现错误

Answer 1

n与zee大小相同，即length(bins)-1:

mu,sigma = 100,15   
plt.style.use('dark_background')
x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn(10000)
n,bins,patches = plt.hist(x,bins=50,density=1,facecolor='g',alpha = 0.5)
zee=bins[:-1]

## this
plt.plot(np.round(zee),n,'ro')

输出：

Answer 2

在您的代码中，zee 是一个 matplotlibobject 矩形对象。但是，绘图函数需要 float 作为输入。

因为您绘制的是正态分布。此外，您希望曲线平滑。那么为什么不生成正态分布并将其绘制到同一个图中。这是您的代码的修改版本。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import scipy.stats as stats

mu,sigma = 100,15   
plt.style.use('dark_background')
x = mu + sigma * np.random.randn(10000)
n,bins,patches = plt.hist(x,bins=50,density=1,facecolor='g',alpha = 0.5)

# zee=bins[:-1]
# plt.plot(np.round(zee),patches,'ro')
x_overlay = np.linspace(mu - 3*sigma, mu + 3*sigma, 100)
plt.plot(x_overlay, stats.norm.pdf(x_overlay, mu, sigma),"ro")

plt.xlabel('Smarts')
plt.ylabel('Probablity')
plt.title('Histogram of the Iq')
plt.axis([40,160,0,0.03])
plt.grid(1)
plt.show()

绘图输出：

使用 matplotlib .pyplot 绘制直方图和位于直方图上的平滑曲线

using the matplotlib .pylot for drawing histogram and the smooth curve which lies on the histogram

curve

matplotlib

histogram

python-3.x