数值计算中的意外结果 - (double_scalar 中遇到无效值)

Unexpected result in the numerical calculation - (invalid value encountered in double_scalar )

from numpy import log as ln
z = 3
k = 2

x = 1 - ln(1 + z) / ln(1 + k)
y = 1/5
print("The x=", x)

Q = x**y

print(Q)

结果是

The x= -0.26185950714291484
c:\Users\-\Desktop\... RuntimeWarning: invalid value 
encountered in double_scalars
  Q = x**y
nan

I am having troubling to understand the problem here. It's clear that I can print the x, but I cannot take the power of it.

同时当我把代码写成

x = -0.26185950714291484
y = 1/5
print("The x=", x)
Q = x**y

print(Q)

我明白了

The x= -0.26185950714291484
(0.6188299348758349+0.44960626529008196j)

我真的很震惊。我无法理解发生了什么。如果我只是手动输入数字,我可以计算出结果。但是如果我计算它们,我会得到一个错误 ???

好吧,它们看起来一样,但它们不一样,代码为:

from numpy import log as ln
z = 3
k = 2

x = 1 - ln(1 + z) / ln(1 + k)
y = 1/5
print("The x=", x)

Q = x**y

print(Q)

您有一个类型为 <class 'numpy.float64'> 的变量 'x',而使用:

x = -0.26185950714291484
y = 1/5
print("The x=", x)
Q = x**y

print(Q)

变量'x'的类型是<class 'float'>

然后您使用不同类型的值应用求幂,即 (即 'x')和另一个类型 (即 'y')。您要避免的问题是将 'x' 转换为 float 很好:

from numpy import log as ln
z = 3
k = 2

x = 1 - ln(1 + z) / ln(1 + k)
y = 1/5

Q = float(x)**y

print(Q)

输出:

(0.6188299348758349+0.44960626529008196j)