Haskell 可扩展效果:另一个效果中的效果

Haskell extensible effects: effect in another effect

我正在尝试使用 extensible-skeleton 包。 在另一个效果中叠加一个效果会导致编译错误。 我尝试了一些其他语言扩展和类型注释,但无法消除这些错误。 如何解决这些错误?

{-# LANGUAGE ConstraintKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-}

module Main where

import Data.Extensible
import Data.Extensible.Effect
import Data.Type.Equality

type In0 effs = Lookup effs "io" IO
type In1 effs = Lookup effs "reader-float" (ReaderEff Double)

run0 :: forall a. Eff '["io" >: IO] a -> IO a
run0 = retractEff

run1 :: forall effs a. Double -> Eff (("reader-float" >: ReaderEff Double) ': effs) a -> Eff effs a
run1 x = peelEff0 pure $ \Refl k -> k x

lift0 :: forall effs a. In0 effs => IO a -> Eff effs a
lift0 = liftEff (Proxy :: Proxy "io")

ask1 :: forall effs. In1 effs => Eff effs Double
ask1 = askEff (Proxy :: Proxy "reader-float")

eff0 :: forall effs. In0 effs => Eff effs ()
eff0 = do
  lift0 $ print "eff0"
  run1 2.5 eff1

eff1 :: forall effs. (In0 effs, In1 effs) => Eff effs ()
eff1 = do
  x <- ask1
  lift0 $ print "eff1"
  lift0 $ print (floor x)

main :: IO ()
main = do
  run0 eff0

编译时错误:

[1 of 2] Compiling Main
app/Main.hs:32:12: error:
    • Couldn't match type ‘membership-0:Type.Membership.Internal.Elaborate
                             "io" (membership-0:Type.Membership.Internal.FindAssoc 1 "io" effs)’
                     with ‘'membership-0:Type.Membership.Internal.Expecting (n0 ':> IO)’
        arising from a use of ‘eff1’
      The type variable ‘n0’ is ambiguous
    • In the second argument of ‘run1’, namely ‘eff1’
      In a stmt of a 'do' block: run1 2.5 eff1
      In the expression:
        do lift0 $ print "eff0"
           run1 2.5 eff1
    • Relevant bindings include
        eff0 :: Eff effs () (bound at app/Main.hs:30:1)
   |
32 |   run1 2.5 eff1
   |            ^^^^

怎么了?

问题似乎是run1(顺便说一下,它已经可以作为runReaderEff使用)接受最外层是"reader-float"的效果,但是效果eff1 你试图 run1 只满足 In1 effs,这保证 "reader-float" 在某处,但不一定在最外层。

这反映了这样一个事实,即您不能 运行 将任意层掩埋在堆栈中。您需要从外到内 运行 图层。

有效的是为 eff1 构建显式效果堆栈,然后向上转换:

eff0 :: forall effs. In0 effs => Eff effs ()
eff0 = do
  lift0 $ print "eff0"
  castEff $ run1 2.5 (eff1 :: Eff '["reader-float" :> ReaderEff Double, "io" :> IO] ())

您似乎想在 effs 前加上 "reader-float" 以表示 eff0,所以写:

{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}

eff0 :: forall effs. In0 effs => Eff effs ()
eff0 = do
  lift0 $ print "eff0"
  castEff $ run1 2.5 (eff1 :: Eff (("reader-float" :> ReaderEff Double) ': effs) ())

但这不起作用。但是,如果您仔细考虑一下,除了特定的 ["reader-float", "io"] 堆栈之外,没有理由在此处 运行 eff1

请记住,在 eff0eff1 的类型签名中使用通用 effs 的原因是为了让它们在任何效果堆栈中与它们所需的层一起使用;通用类型签名是为了调用者的利益。在这种情况下,eff0 正在调用 eff1,它没有理由向 eff1 提供它需要的层以外的任何东西,即它在本地构建的新 "reader-float" 层,以及它投射到自己的通用 effs 环境中的“io”层。 eff0eff1effs 没有其他兴趣,因此无需将 effseff0 向下传播到 eff1