-XStrict 在 GHC 中有什么作用吗?

Does -XStrict do anything in GHC?

我想-XStrictwas supposed turn GHC into a Strict Haskell,所以我尝试了无限斐波那契数列测试

my_zipWith f  x [] = []
my_zipWith f []  y = []
my_zipWith f (x:xt) (y:yt) = f x y : my_zipWith f xt yt

test_fibs n = 
    let fibs = 0 : 1 : my_zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs) in
    take n fibs

main = do
        putStr $ show $ test_fibs 15

看看它是否会在内存中爆炸,但它不会:

$ ghc --version
The Glorious Glasgow Haskell Compilation System, version 8.0.2

$ ghc -XStrict fibs.hs && ./fibs 
[1 of 1] Compiling Main             ( fibs.hs, fibs.o )
Linking fibs ...
[0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89,144,233,377]

我做错了什么?

Strict pragma当然让GHC严格评估一切,但只进入Weak Head Normal Form。例如:

(a, b) = (error "a", error "b")

如果在 Strict pragma 下存在上述代码,则会出现任何错误。让我们看看您的代码:

test_fibs n = 
    let fibs = 0 : 1 : my_zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs) in
    take n fibs

fibs 递归调用但在列表缺点中,所以现在整个列表是 WHNF。这就是为什么您的代码没有堆叠的原因。

This post 也会帮助你。享受递归和懒惰!

添加:

一个简单的方法,使用 deepseq:

{-# LANGUAGE Strict #-}
import Control.DeepSeq

my_zipWith f  x [] = []
my_zipWith f []  y = []
my_zipWith f (x:xt) (y:yt) = force $ f x y : my_zipWith f xt yt

test_fibs :: Int -> [Int]
test_fibs n = 
    let fibs = 0 : 1 : my_zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs) in
    force $ take n fibs

main = do
        putStr $ show $ test_fibs 15

force 定义为 force x = x `deepSeq` xdeepSeq 将表达式从字面上深入计算为 NF(范式)。这种转换是通过 GHC.Generics 实现的。如果手动转换,只需要评估数据内部,所以可以改写如下:

{-# LANGUAGE Strict #-}

my_zipWith f  x [] = []
my_zipWith f []  y = []
my_zipWith f (x:xt) (y:yt) = f x y : go
    where
        go = my_zipWith f xt yt

test_fibs n = 
    let
        fib2 = my_zipWith (+) fibs (tail fibs)
        fibs = 0 : 1 : fib2
    in
        take n fibs

main = do
        putStr $ show $ test_fibs 15

但实际上它们不能叠加。因为GHC can detect infinite loop,但这是另外一回事了。