如何在 visual studio 代码中调试打字稿文件

how to debug typescript files in visual studio code

使用 visual studio 代码的 0.3 版,我不确定如何启用源映射和调试 ts 文件

我收到以下错误can't launch program '/Projects/app-server/server.ts'; enabling source maps might help

如何启用源映射和打字稿调试。 Sourcemap 在我的

中设置为 true

tsconfig.json

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "target": "ES5",
        "module": "commonjs",
        "sourceMap": true
    }
}

launch.json

{
    "version": "0.1.0",
    // List of configurations. Add new configurations or edit existing ones.  
    // ONLY "node" and "mono" are supported, change "type" to switch.
    "configurations": [
        {
            // Name of configuration; appears in the launch configuration drop down menu.
            "name": "Launch server.ts",
            // Type of configuration. Possible values: "node", "mono".
            "type": "node",
            // Workspace relative or absolute path to the program.
            "program": "server.ts",
            // Automatically stop program after launch.
            "stopOnEntry": true,
            // Command line arguments passed to the program.
            "args": [],
            // Workspace relative or absolute path to the working directory of the program being debugged. Default is the current workspace.
            "cwd": ".",
            // Workspace relative or absolute path to the runtime executable to be used. Default is the runtime executable on the PATH.
            "runtimeExecutable": null,
            // Environment variables passed to the program.
            "env": { }
        }, 
        {
            "name": "Attach",
            "type": "node",
            // TCP/IP address. Default is "localhost".
            "address": "localhost",
            // Port to attach to.
            "port": 5858
        }
    ]
}

这个配置对我来说工作正常:

项目分布

|-- .vscode
    |----- launch.json
|-- bin
    |----- app.js
    |----- app.js.map
|-- src
    |----- app.ts
|-- node_modules
    |-- [..]
|-- tsconfig.json
|-- [...]

想法是在 src 文件夹下编译打字稿并将其放在 bin 文件夹下。

tsconfig.json

激活 sourceMap 选项很重要。

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
        "module": "commonjs",
        "target": "ES5",
        "outDir": "bin",
        "rootDir": "src",
        "sourceMap": true
    }
}

launch.json

==== 编辑 ====

这是我目前在 Visual Studio 代码 v1:

中使用的配置
{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "args": [],
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "env": {
                "NODE_ENV": "development"
            },
            "externalConsole": false,
            "name": "DEBUG",
            "outDir": "${workspaceRoot}/bin",
            "preLaunchTask": "compile",
            "program": "${workspaceRoot}/src/app.ts",
            "request": "launch",
            "runtimeArgs": [
                "--nolazy"
            ],
            "runtimeExecutable": null,
            "sourceMaps": true,
            "stopOnEntry": false,
            "type": "node"
        },
        {
            "name": "Attach",
            "type": "node",
            "request": "attach",
            "port": 5858
        }
    ]
}

请注意,如果您将任何任务运行程序用作 gulp,键 preLaunchTask 将非常有用,因为 IDE 能够通过名称检测其任务。

运行

  1. 编译您的 ts(在终端中输入 rm -r bin/ ; tsc 或执行您的编译任务)
  2. 在可视化代码中播放Launch type(我们的配置名称)
  3. 尽情享受吧!

@manu 的回答为我指明了正确的方向;但是,使用最新版本的 VSCode,我仍然遇到同样的问题。这是对我有用的修复:

https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode/issues/13499

"outFiles": [ "${workspaceRoot}/js/*.js" ]

对于 VSCode 的更高版本 Feb/2017,这对我有用(它是@manu 和 @tommy Falgout 提供的组合):

它假定您的 json 输出文件位于 dest 文件夹中,您的源文件分别位于 src 文件夹中

/.vscode/launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [{
            "type": "node",
            "request": "launch",
            "name": "Launch",
            "sourceMaps": true,
            "stopOnEntry": true,
            "console": "internalConsole",
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "program": "${workspaceRoot}/src/main.ts",
            "outFiles": ["${workspaceRoot}/dest/*.js"]
        },
        {
            "type": "node",
            "request": "attach",
            "name": "Attach to Process",
            "port": 5858,
            "outFiles": []
        }
    ]
}

tsconfig.json

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
        "experimentalDecorators": true,
        "sourceMap": true,
        "module": "commonjs",
        "outDir": "dest",
        "rootDir": "src"
    },
    "exclude": [
        "node_modules"
    ]
}

以下设置使用断点测试 mocha chai。它的工作原理是将 src 转译到 lib 目录,然后 运行 在 lib 中使用 sourceMapping 测试回 src。

.vscode/launch.json

{
    "type": "node",
    "request": "launch",
    "preLaunchTask": "tsc",
    "name": "Run Mocha",
    "program": "${workspaceRoot}/node_modules/mocha/bin/_mocha",
    "args": ["lib/**/*.js"],
    "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
    "sourceMaps": true,
    "outFiles": ["${workspaceRoot}/lib/**/*.js"]
}

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
      "module": "commonjs",
      "sourceMap": true,
      "outDir": "lib",
      "target": "es6"
  },
  "include": [
    "src/**/*.ts"
  ],
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

.vscode/tasks.json

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "command": "tsc",
    "isShellCommand": true,
    "args": ["-p", "."],
    "showOutput": "silent",
    "problemMatcher": "$tsc"
}

package.json 显示已安装的模块。脚本与调试无关。

"scripts": {
  "test": "mocha --compilers ts:ts-node/register src/**/*.spec.ts",
  "test:coverage": "nyc -e '.ts' npm test"
},
"dependencies": {
  "@types/chai": "^3.4.35",
  "@types/mocha": "^2.2.39",
  "@types/node": "^7.0.5",
  "@types/sinon": "^1.16.35",
  "chai": "^3.5.0",
  "mocha": "^3.2.0",
  "nyc": "^10.1.2",
  "sinon": "^1.17.7",
  "ts-node": "^2.1.0",
  "typescript": "^2.2.1"
}
  • Mac OSX 10.12.3 塞拉
  • Visual Studio 代码 1.10.1
  • NodeJS v7.7.1

我刚刚将自己的 PowerShell 函数编写为 preLaunchTask。这可能是比以前的解决方案更糟糕的解决方案,但可以增加更多的灵活性以在 preLaunchTask 字段下注入更多任务。因为目前不支持数组,只允许一个task在launch action前运行

launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "type": "node",
            "request": "launch",
            "name": "Node.js",
            "program": "${file}",
            "preLaunchTask": "RebuildTypeScript",
            "outFiles": [
                "${workspaceRoot}/js/**/*.js"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

tasks.json

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "type": "typescript",
            "tsconfig": "tsconfig.json",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        },        
        {
            "taskName": "RebuildTypeScript",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "Powershell ./RebuildTypeScript.ps1",
            "group": "none",
            "presentation": {
                "reveal": "never"
            }
        }       
    ]
}

RebuildTypeScript.ps1

$currentDir = Split-Path -Path $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition -Parent
function CompileTypeScriptFiles($folder) {
    $tsFiles = Get-ChildItem $folder -Filter "*.ts" -Recurse
    $tsFiles | ForEach-Object {
        $tsFile = $_.FullName;
        $options = $tsFile + " --outDir js --sourceMap"
        Start-Process "tsc" $options 
    }
}


CompileTypeScriptFiles $currentDir

截至 2017 年 11 月,这就是我使用最新 TS 和 VsCode 的方法

以下配置将帮助您在 VS Code 中启动服务器和调试 TS

这是我的 tsconfig.json 的样子:

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "declaration": false,
        "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
        "experimentalDecorators": true,
        "lib": ["es2017", "dom"],
        "module": "commonjs",
        "moduleResolution": "node",
        "outDir": "../build",
        "sourceMap": true,
        "target": "es2016",
        "typeRoots": [
            "../node_modules/@types"
        ]
    },
    "include": [
        "**/*.ts"
    ],
    "exclude": [
        "../node_modules",
        "../*.js"
    ]
}

这就是我的 目录结构 的样子:

如果你注意的话,你会看到我的 src 文件夹和 build 文件夹(包含生成的转译 JS 和地图文件)并存,这确实有助于我保持逻辑目录结构。

好的,启动配置:

{
            "type": "node",
            "request": "launch",
            "name": "Start and Debug",
            "preLaunchTask": "nb-tsc-watch",
            "timeout": 10000,
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/backend/src/app.ts",
            "restart": true,
            "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
            "outFiles": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/backend//build/**/*.js"
            ],
            "sourceMaps": true
        }

您可以使用任何您想使用的 preLaunchTask,甚至可以跳过它。 如果你跳过它,你将不得不手动将 TS 转译为 JS。

这就是我在任务中所做的nb-tsc-watch

{
            "label": "nb-tsc-watch",
            "type": "typescript",
            "tsconfig": "backend/src/tsconfig.json",
            "option": "watch",
            "problemMatcher": [
                "$tsc-watch"
            ]
        }

2017/12/17
.vscode/launch.json ```json

{
  // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
  // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
  // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "type": "node",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${workspaceRoot}/src/index.ts",
      "outFiles": [
        "${workspaceRoot}/dist/index.js"
      ],
      "sourceMaps": true,
      "stopOnEntry": false,
      "args": [],
      "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
      "env": {
          "NODE_ENV": "development"
      },
      "console": "internalConsole",
      "preLaunchTask": "compile",
      "name": "DEBUG"
    },
    {
      "type": "node",
      "request": "attach",
      "name": "Attach to Process",
      "port": 5858
    }
  ]
}

.vscode/tasks.json

{
  // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
  // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "compile",
      "type": "typescript",
      "tsconfig": "tsconfig.json",
      "problemMatcher": [
          "$tsc"
      ],
      "group": {
          "kind": "build",
          "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "declaration": false,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "outDir": "dist",
    "rootDir": "src"
  },
  "include": [
    "**/*.ts"
  ],
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

我认为它在发布后变得越来越简单...

我已经安装了 ts-node (https://github.com/TypeStrong/ts-node),所以我的配置文件非常简单。

在项目文件夹中使用 npm install ts-node --save-dev 安装 ts-node - 感谢评论中的 Hrafnkell

launch.json

{
        "name": "Launch index.ts",
        "type": "node",
        "request": "launch",
        "runtimeArgs": [
            "-r",
            "ts-node/register"
        ],
        "args": [
            "${workspaceFolder}/src/index.ts"
        ]
}

有两点值得注意:

  • runtimeArgs - 传递给节点以注册 ts-node 来处理 TypeScript 文件。
  • 没有program属性。要启动的 TS 文件的名称改为作为第一个参数给出。

这样就不需要把TS编译成JS,甚至可以把用TS写的模块还没有编译成JS

对我来说,经过这么多 launch.json 配置。我发现使用 jestJsistanbul 会导致我的断点不会在正确的位置中断,直到我将配置设置为:

config.collectCoverage = false;

issue

如果您 运行 从命令行运行脚本,在最新的 Visual Studio 代码版本中,您可以跳过 launch.json 的创建,这有时是一项艰巨的任务。相反,您可以从命令行自动将调试器附加到任何 ts-nodenode 命令,您 运行。

  1. 为您的 tsconfig.json 启用源映射 - TypeScript 配置需要源映射支持,否则无法进行调试。
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "sourceMap": true
  },
}
  1. 在 Visual Studio 代码调试器上启用 自动附加。它是任务栏上的一个按钮,但也可以通过命令面板访问。

  1. 而不是将脚本启动为:
ts-node myscript.ts

启动为

node -r ts-node/register --inspect-brk myscript.ts

您将在节点启动时看到:

Debugger listening on ws://127.0.0.1:9229/8bb6dcc8-a73c-405e-b1fe-69a3d7789a20
For help, see: https://nodejs.org/en/docs/inspector
Debugger attached.

然后Visual Studio代码调试器将

  1. 停在程序第一行

  2. 在 Visual Studio 代码编辑器中设置的以下任意断点处停止

自动配置方法

对于许多用例来说,一个简单的自动配置就足够了——无需手动配置 launch.json。先决条件:在工作区 tsconfig.json:

中启用 sourcemaps
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "sourceMap": true,
    // ...
  }
}

1.) 调试当前文件without launch.json

只需打开或重新聚焦文件,然后按 F5(开始调试)。如果存在多个调试环境,如 Chrome 和 Node.js,select 后者。

注意:目前这不需要在 launch.json 中出现其他条目。下一个 VS Code 版本将附带 single file debug improvements.

2.) 自动创建 launch.json

转到调试视图 (CtrlShiftD) 并单击 "create a launch.json file".如果 main 不存在,这将为 package.json 或活动文件的 main 字段文件创建一个调试条目。示例:

  "configurations": [ // auto-generated 
    { 
      "type": "node",
      "request": "launch",
      "name": "Launch Program",
      "skipFiles": [
        "<node_internals>/**"
      ],
      "program": "${workspaceFolder}\dist\A.js",
      "preLaunchTask": "tsc: build - tsconfig.json",
      "outFiles": [
        "${workspaceFolder}/dist/**/*.js"
      ]
    }
  ]

注意:这要求 launch.json 之前不存在。

3.) 将调试器附加到 运行 程序

settings.json 或通过 UI → "Debug: Toggle Auto Attach" 开启 Auto Attach feature

"debug.node.autoAttach": "on" // in settings.json

以调试模式启动节点程序。不久之后,VS Code 将开始调试。

node --inspect-brk dist/A.js

或使用"Debug: Attach to Node Process"(也可使用launch.json"${command:PickProcess}")。

如果您不想硬编码文件名但喜欢简单 version here ? Using info from VS variable reference page 您可以做两件事:

npm i ts-node

然后launch.json like(以防万一,但你只能从中获取这一个配置):

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Launch TS",
            "type": "node",
            "request": "launch",
            "runtimeArgs": [
                "-r",
                "ts-node/register"
            ],
            "args": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/${fileBasename}"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

该 VSC 页面中的几个示例 - 有时您可以在某个地方使用 Ctrl+Space 来获取它们,但在我现有的内部不起作用:

${workspaceFolder} - /home/your-username/your-project
${workspaceFolderBasename} - your-project
${file} - /home/your-username/your-project/folder/file.ext
${relativeFile} - folder/file.ext
${relativeFileDirname} - folder
${fileBasename} - file.ext
${fileBasenameNoExtension} - file
${fileDirname} - /home/your-username/your-project/folder
${fileExtname} - .ext
${lineNumber} - line number of the cursor
${selectedText} - text selected in your code editor
${execPath} - location of Code.exe