如何使用 matplotlib 填充动画形状?

How do I fill an animated shape with matplotlib?

我想绘制两个任意多边形(使用 shapely 计算面积,交点,因为我不知道另一种方法)然后填充交点,并在动画期间相交和移动时填充形状。

搜索后我不知道如何实现它。

我评论过:

但是,我相信我一定在这里遗漏了一些基本的东西,或者它可能不支持在动画期间填充对象,因为我能找到的唯一填充对象示例是静态图形。

示例代码(最小示例,具有两个匀称的形状)如下,并且已通过 python 3.

的功能测试
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import shapely.geometry as sg
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

xdata, ydata = [],[]
x2data, y2data = [],[]

ln, = plt.plot([],[])
ln2, = plt.plot([],[])

def init():
    ax.axis('equal')
    ax.set_xlim(-4, 4)
    ax.set_ylim(-4, 4)
    return ln,ln2,
 
def update(frame):
    fig.text(0,0, 'hello')
    circ1 = sg.Point(frame-2,0).buffer(1.0)
    circ2 = sg.Point(-frame+2,0).buffer(1.0)

    x,y = circ1.exterior.xy
    x2,y2 = circ2.exterior.xy
    
    intersection = circ1.intersection(circ2)
    
    xdata.append(x)
    ydata.append(y)
     
    x2data.append(x2)
    y2data.append(y2)

    ln.set_data(x,y)
    ln2.set_data(x2,y2)
    
    return ln,ln2,
  
ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=np.linspace(0, 2, 200),
                    init_func=init, blit=True, interval = 10)
plt.show()

由于您使用的是多边形,我建议您使用 matplotlib's Polygon 而不是线条来绘制形状。这允许您获取交点形状的坐标,并用您选择的任何颜色绘制相应的多边形:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import shapely.geometry as sg
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

poly1 = Polygon(np.zeros(shape=(0, 2)), facecolor='none', edgecolor='C0')
poly2 = Polygon(np.zeros(shape=(0, 2)), facecolor='none', edgecolor='C1')
intersect = Polygon(np.zeros(shape=(0, 2)), facecolor='C2', edgecolor='none')

ax.add_artist(poly1)
ax.add_artist(poly2)
ax.add_artist(intersect)
t = ax.text(0.5, 0.9, "frame = ", transform=ax.transAxes, ha='center')


def init():
    ax.axis('equal')
    ax.set_xlim(-4, 4)
    ax.set_ylim(-4, 4)
    return poly1, poly2, t


def update(frame):
    t.set_text(f'frame = {frame:.3f}')
    circ1 = sg.Point(frame - 2, 0).buffer(1.0)
    circ2 = sg.Point(-frame + 2, 0).buffer(1.0)

    x, y = circ1.exterior.xy
    x2, y2 = circ2.exterior.xy

    intersection = circ1.intersection(circ2)

    poly1.set_xy(np.c_[x, y])
    poly2.set_xy(np.c_[x2, y2])

    if len(intersection.exterior.coords)>0:
        x3, y3 = intersection.exterior.coords.xy
        intersect.set_xy(np.c_[x3, y3])
        intersect.set_visible(True)
    else:
        intersect.set_visible(False)

    return poly1, poly2, intersect, t


ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=np.linspace(0, 2, 200),
                    init_func=init, blit=True, interval=10)
plt.show()