Qt Dialog window 关闭时如何终止 QEventLoop
How to terminate a QEventLoop when a Qt Dialog window is closed
为了获得更多 Python 和创建 GUI 的实践经验，我决定创建一个抽认卡 quiz 应用程序。最初，我创建了一个接受 csv 文件名的简单函数，打乱了答案和问题，并实现了一个 for 循环来要求用户输入每个问题的答案。我通过 CMD 运行 它，它运行完美。
接下来，我使用 Qt 设计器创建了一个简单的 Qt 对话框 window，其中 textBrowser 用于输出，lineEdit 用于输入。 （旁注：我知道你不应该修改生成的 ui 文件，所以我复制了代码并将其保存到不同的目录，这样我就可以安全地使用它。）我把 quiDialog class 中的 zzing 函数，并在应用程序执行时调用它。但是，为了等待用户输入输入，我需要向 quizzing 函数添加一个 QEventLoop，该函数在问题提出后启动，而 quits 当 lineEdit.returnPressed 被触发。如果我循环遍历整副牌，洗牌功能就会完成，当我关闭 GUI（通过 X 按钮）时，代码会定期停止。但是如果我尝试关闭问题被问和被回答之间的 window（而 QEventLoop 是 运行ning），GUI 关闭但功能仍然是 运行ning，我设置的 aboutToQuit 检测器没有被触发。
我很确定这个问题是因为 quizzing 函数在执行 QEventLoop 时挂起，到目前为止我还没有找到成功注册该 GUI 的方法已经关闭并且 quit QEventLoop 没有 完成整个 question/answer 循环。
让 window 和 QEventLoop 运行 同步解决我的问题吗？在函数的 window 关闭等事件的情况下，有没有办法过早地突破 QEventLoop？或者我应该在这里使用 QTimer 之类的不同流程吗？
# If this helps, here's the code for the program.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import csv
import random
import sys
class Ui_Dialog(QWidget):
loop = QtCore.QEventLoop()
def setupUi(self, Dialog):
Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
Dialog.resize(361, 163)
self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 120, 321, 20))
self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
self.lineEdit.returnPressed.connect(self.acceptText)
self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Dialog)
self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 321, 91))
self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
def printText(self, contents):
self.textBrowser.append(contents)
def acceptText(self):
input = self.lineEdit.text().strip().lower()
self.loop.quit()
return input
def shuffleDeck(self, filename):
# sets up values to be referenced later
questions = []
answers = []
index = 0
numright = 0
# contains the entire reading, shuffling, and quizzing process
with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as tsv:
reader = csv.reader(tsv, delimiter="\t")
for row in reader:
questions.append(row[0][::-1])
answers.append(row[1].lower())
seed = random.random()
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(questions)
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(answers)
for question in questions:
# handles input & output
self.printText("What does " + question + " mean?")
self.loop.exec_()
guess = self.acceptText()
self.textBrowser.append(guess)
self.lineEdit.clear()
# compares input to answer, returns correct/incorrect prompts accordingly
if guess == answers[index]:
self.printText("You are right!")
index += 1
numright += 1
else:
self.printText("You are wrong. The answer is " + str(answers[index]) + "; better luck next time!")
index += 1
self.printText("You got " + str(round(numright / len(questions), 2) * 100) + "% (" + str(
numright) + ") of the cards right.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
Dialog = QtWidgets.QDialog()
ui = Ui_Dialog()
ui.setupUi(Dialog)
Dialog.show()
# I temporarily hardcoded a csv file
ui.shuffleDeck("Decks/Animals.csv")
# linear processing requires shuffleDeck to be completed before the window loops, right?
sys.exit(app.exec_())
#An example of the csv text would be:
מאוד VERY
עוד MORE
כמו כ AS
שם THERE
#I would have included only English characters, but this is the deck that I hardcoded in.
正如您已经指出的那样，您不应修改 pyuic 生成的代码，因此您必须使用以下命令重新生成文件：
pyuic5 filename.ui -o design_ui.py -x
另一方面，没有必要也不建议使用 QEventLoop，因为它们会产生意想不到的行为，在这种情况下使用迭代器就足够了。
您还必须将逻辑与 GUI 分开，例如创建一个将问题与答案相关联的数据结构，以及另一个 class 提供和管理测试。
最后，您只需实现处理用户交互时发出的信号的 GUI 逻辑。
main.py
import csv
from dataclasses import dataclass
import random
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from design_ui import Ui_Dialog
@dataclass
class Test:
question: str
answer: str
def verify(self, answer):
return self.answer == answer
class TestProvider:
def __init__(self, tests):
self._tests = tests
self._current_test = None
self.init_iterator()
def init_iterator(self):
self._test_iterator = iter(self.tests)
@property
def tests(self):
return self._tests
@property
def number_of_tests(self):
return len(self._tests)
@property
def current_test(self):
return self._current_test
def next_text(self):
try:
self._current_test = next(self._test_iterator)
except StopIteration as e:
return False
else:
return True
class Dialog(QtWidgets.QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
self.lineEdit.returnPressed.connect(self.handle_pressed)
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(False)
def load_tests_from_filename(self, filename):
self._number_of_correct_answers = 0
tests = []
with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as tsv:
reader = csv.reader(tsv, delimiter="\t")
for row in reader:
question, answer = row
test = Test(question, answer)
tests.append(test)
seed = random.random()
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(tests)
self._test_provider = TestProvider(tests)
self.load_test()
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(True)
def load_test(self):
if self._test_provider.next_text():
self.print_text(
f"What does {self._test_provider.current_test.question} mean?"
)
return True
return False
def handle_pressed(self):
if self._test_provider is None:
return
guess = self.lineEdit.text().strip().lower()
self.textBrowser.append(guess)
if self._test_provider.current_test.answer.strip().lower() == guess:
self.print_text("You are right!")
self._number_of_correct_answers += 1
else:
self.print_text(
f"You are wrong. The answer is {self._test_provider.current_test.answer}; better luck next time!"
)
self.lineEdit.clear()
if not self.load_test():
self.print_text(
f"You got {(round(self._number_of_correct_answers / self._test_provider.number_of_tests, 2) * 100)}% ({self._number_of_correct_answers}) of the cards right."
)
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(False)
def print_text(self, text):
self.textBrowser.append(text)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = Dialog()
w.load_tests_from_filename("Decks/Animals.csv")
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
为了获得更多 Python 和创建 GUI 的实践经验，我决定创建一个抽认卡 quiz 应用程序。最初，我创建了一个接受 csv 文件名的简单函数，打乱了答案和问题，并实现了一个 for 循环来要求用户输入每个问题的答案。我通过 CMD 运行 它，它运行完美。
接下来，我使用 Qt 设计器创建了一个简单的 Qt 对话框 window，其中 textBrowser 用于输出，lineEdit 用于输入。 （旁注：我知道你不应该修改生成的 ui 文件，所以我复制了代码并将其保存到不同的目录，这样我就可以安全地使用它。）我把 quiDialog class 中的 zzing 函数，并在应用程序执行时调用它。但是，为了等待用户输入输入，我需要向 quizzing 函数添加一个 QEventLoop，该函数在问题提出后启动，而 quits 当 lineEdit.returnPressed 被触发。如果我循环遍历整副牌，洗牌功能就会完成，当我关闭 GUI（通过 X 按钮）时，代码会定期停止。但是如果我尝试关闭问题被问和被回答之间的 window（而 QEventLoop 是 运行ning），GUI 关闭但功能仍然是 运行ning，我设置的 aboutToQuit 检测器没有被触发。
我很确定这个问题是因为 quizzing 函数在执行 QEventLoop 时挂起，到目前为止我还没有找到成功注册该 GUI 的方法已经关闭并且 quit QEventLoop 没有 完成整个 question/answer 循环。
让 window 和 QEventLoop 运行 同步解决我的问题吗？在函数的 window 关闭等事件的情况下，有没有办法过早地突破 QEventLoop？或者我应该在这里使用 QTimer 之类的不同流程吗？
# If this helps, here's the code for the program.
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import csv
import random
import sys
class Ui_Dialog(QWidget):
loop = QtCore.QEventLoop()
def setupUi(self, Dialog):
Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog")
Dialog.resize(361, 163)
self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Dialog)
self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 120, 321, 20))
self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
self.lineEdit.returnPressed.connect(self.acceptText)
self.textBrowser = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(Dialog)
self.textBrowser.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 321, 91))
self.retranslateUi(Dialog)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog)
def retranslateUi(self, Dialog):
_translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog"))
def printText(self, contents):
self.textBrowser.append(contents)
def acceptText(self):
input = self.lineEdit.text().strip().lower()
self.loop.quit()
return input
def shuffleDeck(self, filename):
# sets up values to be referenced later
questions = []
answers = []
index = 0
numright = 0
# contains the entire reading, shuffling, and quizzing process
with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as tsv:
reader = csv.reader(tsv, delimiter="\t")
for row in reader:
questions.append(row[0][::-1])
answers.append(row[1].lower())
seed = random.random()
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(questions)
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(answers)
for question in questions:
# handles input & output
self.printText("What does " + question + " mean?")
self.loop.exec_()
guess = self.acceptText()
self.textBrowser.append(guess)
self.lineEdit.clear()
# compares input to answer, returns correct/incorrect prompts accordingly
if guess == answers[index]:
self.printText("You are right!")
index += 1
numright += 1
else:
self.printText("You are wrong. The answer is " + str(answers[index]) + "; better luck next time!")
index += 1
self.printText("You got " + str(round(numright / len(questions), 2) * 100) + "% (" + str(
numright) + ") of the cards right.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
Dialog = QtWidgets.QDialog()
ui = Ui_Dialog()
ui.setupUi(Dialog)
Dialog.show()
# I temporarily hardcoded a csv file
ui.shuffleDeck("Decks/Animals.csv")
# linear processing requires shuffleDeck to be completed before the window loops, right?
sys.exit(app.exec_())
#An example of the csv text would be:
מאוד VERY
עוד MORE
כמו כ AS
שם THERE
#I would have included only English characters, but this is the deck that I hardcoded in.
正如您已经指出的那样，您不应修改 pyuic 生成的代码，因此您必须使用以下命令重新生成文件：
pyuic5 filename.ui -o design_ui.py -x
另一方面，没有必要也不建议使用 QEventLoop，因为它们会产生意想不到的行为，在这种情况下使用迭代器就足够了。
您还必须将逻辑与 GUI 分开，例如创建一个将问题与答案相关联的数据结构，以及另一个 class 提供和管理测试。
最后，您只需实现处理用户交互时发出的信号的 GUI 逻辑。
main.py
import csv
from dataclasses import dataclass
import random
import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from design_ui import Ui_Dialog
@dataclass
class Test:
question: str
answer: str
def verify(self, answer):
return self.answer == answer
class TestProvider:
def __init__(self, tests):
self._tests = tests
self._current_test = None
self.init_iterator()
def init_iterator(self):
self._test_iterator = iter(self.tests)
@property
def tests(self):
return self._tests
@property
def number_of_tests(self):
return len(self._tests)
@property
def current_test(self):
return self._current_test
def next_text(self):
try:
self._current_test = next(self._test_iterator)
except StopIteration as e:
return False
else:
return True
class Dialog(QtWidgets.QDialog, Ui_Dialog):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super().__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
self.lineEdit.returnPressed.connect(self.handle_pressed)
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(False)
def load_tests_from_filename(self, filename):
self._number_of_correct_answers = 0
tests = []
with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as tsv:
reader = csv.reader(tsv, delimiter="\t")
for row in reader:
question, answer = row
test = Test(question, answer)
tests.append(test)
seed = random.random()
random.seed(seed)
random.shuffle(tests)
self._test_provider = TestProvider(tests)
self.load_test()
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(True)
def load_test(self):
if self._test_provider.next_text():
self.print_text(
f"What does {self._test_provider.current_test.question} mean?"
)
return True
return False
def handle_pressed(self):
if self._test_provider is None:
return
guess = self.lineEdit.text().strip().lower()
self.textBrowser.append(guess)
if self._test_provider.current_test.answer.strip().lower() == guess:
self.print_text("You are right!")
self._number_of_correct_answers += 1
else:
self.print_text(
f"You are wrong. The answer is {self._test_provider.current_test.answer}; better luck next time!"
)
self.lineEdit.clear()
if not self.load_test():
self.print_text(
f"You got {(round(self._number_of_correct_answers / self._test_provider.number_of_tests, 2) * 100)}% ({self._number_of_correct_answers}) of the cards right."
)
self.lineEdit.setEnabled(False)
def print_text(self, text):
self.textBrowser.append(text)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
w = Dialog()
w.load_tests_from_filename("Decks/Animals.csv")
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())