使用文字类型保护缩小 TypeScript 不相交联合在函数中起作用,但在 React 状态下不起作用

Narrowing TypeScript disjoint union with literal type guard works in function, but not on React state

我有一个带有 nextAction 状态的 reducer,可以作为一种回调。 NextAction 的类型如下:

type NextActionSave = {type: 'save'};
type NextActionSaveAndSet = {type: 'saveAndSet', name: TextFieldName, value: string};
type NextAction = NextActionSave | NextActionSaveAndSet;
interface EditRowState {
  ...
  nextAction: NextAction | null;
}

在另一个文件中,我在 state.nextAction.type

上有一个 switch 语句
import React from 'react';
import {EditRowState, EditRowAction, NextAction} from './reducer';

interface Props {
  save: () => Promise<void>;
  state: EditRowState;
  dispatch: React.Dispatch<EditRowAction>;
}

const useNextAction = (props: Props) => {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    executeNextAction(props.state.nextAction);
  }, [props.state.nextAction]);

  const executeNextAction = (nextAction: NextAction | null) => {
    if (nextAction === null) return;

    switch(nextAction.type) {
      case 'save':
        props.save();
        break;
      case 'saveAndSet':
        props.save().then(() => {
          const {name, value} = nextAction;
          props.dispatch({type: 'set', name, value, advance: true});
        });
      default: return;
    }
  };
};

这行得通。 Here is a TypeScript Playground of the executeNextAction 显示 executeNextAction 函数。

如果我将 executeNextAction 的主体移动到 useEffect 中,以便 nextAction 直接来自状态,它说,“属性 'name' 在类型 'NextAction' 上不存在” .对于值 属性,我得到了同样的错误。下面是我没有单独的 executeNextAction 函数的代码。 Here is a simplified version of my code below in a TypeScript Playground showing the error.

import React from 'react';
import {EditRowState, EditRowAction} from './reducer';

interface Props {
  save: () => Promise<void>;
  state: EditRowState;
  dispatch: React.Dispatch<EditRowAction>;
}

const useNextAction = (props: Props) => {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    if (props.state.nextAction === null) return;

    switch(props.state.nextAction.type) {
      case 'save':
        props.save();
        break;
      case 'saveAndSet':
        props.save().then(() => {
          const {name, value} = props.state.nextAction;
          props.dispatch({type: 'set', name, value, advance: true});
        });
      default: return;
    }
  }, [props.state.nextAction]);
};

如果我使用 as NextActionSaveAndSet 类型转换 props.state.nextAction,它会起作用。看起来 switch 语句充当 literal type guard,所以我不需要类型转换。我猜这就是为什么它在我将代码移动到 executeNextAction 函数的版本中起作用的原因。使用 nextAction 作为函数参数或在状态上访问它有什么区别?如果我在某个地方添加一个 as const ,我可以在状态上使用它吗?

我无法正确解释为什么会这样,但我有两个不涉及断言的不同解决方案。

  1. this.props.nextAction 保存到变量。
const useNextAction = (props: Props) => {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    const {nextAction} = props.state;
    if (nextAction === null) return;

    switch(nextAction.type) {
      case 'save':
        props.save();
        break;
      case 'saveAndSet':
        props.save().then(() => {
          const {name, value} = nextAction;
          props.dispatch({type: 'set', name, value, advance: true});
        });
      default: return;
    }
  }, [props.state.nextAction]);
};
  1. 在回调之外解构 namevalue
const useNextAction = (props: Props) => {
  React.useEffect(() => {
    if (props.state.nextAction === null) return;

    switch(props.state.nextAction.type) {
      case 'save':
        props.save();
        break;
      case 'saveAndSet':
        const {name, value} = props.state.nextAction;
        props.save().then(() => {
          props.dispatch({type: 'set', name, value, advance: true});
        });
      default: return;
    }
  }, [props.state.nextAction]);
};

Typescript Playground Link