python 乌龟动画太快了

Question

我做了风车，但它转得很快。我使用 turtle 库来做到这一点，t2 仅用于圆圈，t 是主要工作。我使用 tracer/update 并在 tracer 中尝试了一些数字，但没有任何改变。我怎样才能以正常速度制作该动画？

import turtle
screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.tracer(0)         
t2 = turtle.Turtle()
t2.speed(2)
t2.forward(50)
t2.setheading(90)
t2.circle(50)
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(2)
def rectangle() :
    t.penup()
    t.forward(170)
    t.left(90)
    t.pendown()
    t.forward(5)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(10)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(5)
def windmill():
    for i in range(4):
        rectangle()
        t.penup()
        t.goto(0,0)
        t.pendown()
while True:
    t.clear()
    windmill()
    screen.update()
    t.left(10)

Answer 1

您可以使用内置 time 模块中的 sleep 方法：

import turtle
from time import sleep # Imported here

screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.tracer(0)         
t2 = turtle.Turtle()
t2.forward(50)
t2.setheading(90)
t2.circle(50)
t = turtle.Turtle()
def rectangle() :
    t.penup()
    t.forward(170)
    t.left(90)
    t.pendown()
    t.forward(5)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(10)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(5)
def windmill():
    for i in range(4):
        rectangle()
        t.penup()
        t.goto(0,0)
        t.pendown()
while True:
    sleep(0.05) # Used here
    t.clear()
    windmill()
    screen.update()
    t.left(10)

一种更平滑的方法是减少while循环每次迭代的left数量：

import turtle

screen = turtle.Screen()
screen.tracer(0)         
t2 = turtle.Turtle()
t2.forward(50)
t2.setheading(90)
t2.circle(50)
t2.speed(2)
t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(2)
def rectangle() :
    t.penup()
    t.forward(170)
    t.left(90)
    t.pendown()
    t.forward(5)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(10)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(120)
    t.left(90)
    t.forward(5)
def windmill():
    for i in range(4):
        rectangle()
        t.penup()
        t.goto(0,0)
        t.pendown()
while True:
    t.clear()
    windmill()
    screen.update()
    t.left(0.2) # Reduced here!

Answer 2

How can I do that animation at normal speed?

不要在像 turtle 这样的事件驱动世界中使用 while True: 或 sleep()！相反，使用海龟计时器事件：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

def rectangle(t):
    t.forward(50)
    t.left(90)
    t.backward(5)
    t.pendown()

    for _ in range(2):
        t.forward(10)
        t.right(90)
        t.forward(120)
        t.right(90)

    t.penup()

def windmill(t):
    for _ in range(4):
        t.penup()
        rectangle(t)
        t.goto(0, 0)

screen = Screen()
screen.tracer(0)

turtle = Turtle()
turtle.setheading(90)

def rotate():
    turtle.clear()
    windmill(turtle)
    screen.update()
    turtle.left(1)

    screen.ontimer(rotate, 40)  # adjust speed via second argument

rotate()

screen.mainloop()

您可以将第二个参数调整为ontimer()（以毫秒为单位）以控制动画运行的速度。

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