在一系列 Erlang 匹配中,我如何判断其中哪一个失败了?

In a sequence of Erlang matches, how do I tell which one of them has failed?

考虑以下片段:

do_stuff() ->
    % assume each of BoundVarI is bound here
    BoundVar1 = term1(),
    BoundVar2 = term2(),
    % ...
    BoundVarN = termN(),
    ok.

do_stuff_wrapper() ->
    do_stuff().

在包装函数 (do_stuff_wrapper/0) 中,我如何准确地确定哪一个匹配项失败了?需要明确的是,我不是在寻找一种方法来判断它 只是 失败,可能是通过生成和监视进程,而是一种方法来判断 哪个 的比赛导致失败。我考虑过的一种方法是只从错误元组中提取行号,但我觉得这会大大损害可维护性。

您可以按照以下方式尝试:

ScopeRef = make_ref(), %% To make sure to catch only errors in this scope
try
  {_, BoundVar1} = {{ScopeRef, term1}, term1()},
  {_, BoundVar2} = {{ScopeRef, term2}, term2()},
  {_, BoundVarN} = {{ScopeRef, termN}, termN()},
  %% ^ Consider turning this into a lists:foreach/recursion
  ok
catch %% First error stops execution
  error:{badmatch, {{ScopeRef, FailedFunName}, _FailedTerm}} -> {error, {nomatch, FailedFunName}}
end.

或者,如果你想检查每一个

BoundTerms = [BoundVar1, BoundVar2, BoundVarN],
AssertFuns = [fun term1/0, fun term2/0, fun termN/0],
FailedTerms = lists:reverse(lists:foldl(fun({BoundVar, AssertFun} = Pair, Acc) ->
  case AssertFun() of
    BoundVar -> Acc;
    _ -> [Pair | Acc]
  end
end, [], lists:zip(BoundTerms, AssertFuns)),
case FailedTerms of
  [] -> ok;
  _ -> exit({assert_failed, FailedTerms})
end.

根据实际问题,我会选择其中之一(或两者都不选),但这些示例显示了您可以调整的不同方法。