TypeError: function() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

Question

嗨，我是堆栈溢出的新手，关于我如何 post 这个 post.

可能存在一些问题

所以我想让一只乌龟在鼠标点击的地方生成它自己的克隆，但每次我运行代码并点击鼠标时它都会抛出错误： TypeError: spawn() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

我尝试再次检查代码但找不到问题，我决定在这里问。我的代码：

import turtle
import pyautogui
import tkinter as tk
import keyboard

wn = turtle.Screen()
wn.title('Planner')
wn.bgcolor('white')
wn.setup(width=800,height=800)
wn.tracer(0)

#Turtle 5x0.25:
block_5x025 = turtle.Turtle()
block_5x025.speed(0)
block_5x025.shape('square')
block_5x025.color('black')
block_5x025.shapesize(stretch_wid=5, stretch_len=0.25)
block_5x025.penup()

#Turtle 3x0.25
block_3x025 = turtle.Turtle()
block_3x025.speed(0)
block_3x025.shape('square')
block_3x025.color('black')
block_3x025.shapesize(stretch_wid=3, stretch_len=0.25)
block_3x025.penup()

def clear_screen():
    wn.clear()

def get_mouse_click_coor(x, y):
    turtle.onscreenclick(None)
    #block_5x025.goto(x,y)
    print(x, y)

def motion(event):
    x, y = event.x, event.y
    print('{}, {}'.format(x, y))
    block_5x025.goto(x-400,-y+400)
    block_3x025.goto(x-400,-y+400)

canvas = turtle.getcanvas()
canvas.bind('<Motion>', motion)

class Block:
    def __init__(self, size, thickness = 0.25, color = "black"):
        self.size = size
        self.thickmess = thickness
        self.color = color

    def spawn_block(self, block):
        i = 1
        for n in range(1):
            globals()["wall" + str(i)] = block.clone()
            globals()["wall" + str(i)].goto(block.xcor(),block.ycor())
            i += 1

class Wall_5x025(Block):
    def __init__(self, size = 5, thickness = 0.25, color = "black"):
        super().__init__(size, thickness, color)

    def spawn(self):
        super().spawn_block(block_5x025)

class Wall_3x025(Block):
    def __init__(self, size = 3, thickness = 0.25, color = "black"):
        super().__init__(size, thickness, color)

    def spawn(self):
        super().spawn_block(block_3x025)

def turn():
    block_5x025.right(90)
    block_3x025.right(90)

def switch():
    b3025 = 0
    b5025 = 1
    if keyboard.is_pressed('e'):
        b3025, b5025 = b5025, b3025

    if b3025 == 0:
        block_3x025.hideturtle()
    else:
        block_3x025.showturtle()

    if b5025 == 0:
        block_5x025.hideturtle()
    else:
        block_5x025.showturtle()

while True:
    wn.update()

    wn.listen()
    turtle.onscreenclick(get_mouse_click_coor)
    wn.onkeypress(turn, 'r')
    wn.onkeypress(clear_screen, 'c')
    turtle.onscreenclick(Wall_5x025.spawn)
    switch()

另外，如果有些地方写得不正确或无法理解，我很抱歉...

Answer 1

根据文档，https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html#turtle.onscreenclick、turtle.onscreenclick 接受“一个带有两个参数的函数，该函数将使用 canvas 上单击点的坐标调用”作为参数。您传递给 onscreenclick 的 spawn 方法只接受一个参数，self。 spawn 方法应该取一对坐标。

Answer 2

我认为您的代码存在的问题超出了将您带到 SO 的问题。例如，while True: 在像 turtle 这样的事件驱动环境中并不是你想要的；您的 clear_screen() 将无法正常工作（它会破坏您的 block_5x025 和 block_3x025 块；您不需要 keyboard 模块；您不需要 tracer() 和 update()；您不需要使两个示例块保持同步；等等

下面是我对您的代码进行的返工和简化，基本上可以满足您的要求：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

class Block(Turtle):
    def __init__(self, size, thickness=0.25, color="black"):
        super().__init__(shape='square', visible=False)

        self.shapesize(stretch_wid=size, stretch_len=thickness)
        self.color(color)
        self.penup()

class Wall_3x025(Block):
    def __init__(self, size=3, thickness=0.25, color="black"):
        super().__init__(size, thickness, color)

class Wall_5x025(Block):
    def __init__(self, size=5, thickness=0.25, color="black"):
        super().__init__(size, thickness, color)

# Turtle 3 x 0.25
block_3x025 = Wall_3x025()

# Turtle 5 x 0.25:
block_5x025 = Wall_5x025()

active_block = block_3x025

def switch():
    global active_block

    screen.onkeypress(None, 'e')  # disable handlers inside handler
    screen.onclick(None)

    if active_block == block_3x025:
        active_block = block_5x025
    else:
        active_block = block_3x025

    cursor.shape(active_block.shape())
    cursor.shapesize(*active_block.shapesize())
    cursor.color(*active_block.color())

    screen.onclick(spawn)  # reenable handlers
    screen.onkeypress(switch, 'e')

blocks = []

def spawn(x, y):
    screen.onclick(None)
    blocks.append(cursor.stamp())
    screen.onclick(spawn)

def motion(event):
    canvas.unbind('<Motion>')
    x, y = event.x, event.y
    cursor.goto(x - 400, 400 - y)
    canvas.bind('<Motion>', motion)

def turn():
    screen.onkeypress(None, 'r')
    cursor.right(90)
    screen.onkeypress(turn, 'r')

def clear_walls():
    screen.onkeypress(None, 'c')

    for block in blocks:
        cursor.clearstamp(block)

    screen.onkeypress(clear_walls, 'c')

screen = Screen()
screen.title('Planner')
screen.bgcolor('white')
screen.setup(width=800, height=800)

cursor = Turtle(shape=block_3x025.shape())
cursor.shapesize(*block_3x025.shapesize())
cursor.color(*block_3x025.color())
cursor.speed('fastest')
cursor.penup()

canvas = screen.getcanvas()
canvas.bind('<Motion>', motion)  # this event not exposed by turtle

screen.onkeypress(turn, 'r')
screen.onkeypress(switch, 'e')
screen.onkeypress(clear_walls, 'c')
screen.onclick(spawn)
screen.listen()

screen.mainloop()

它基于制作邮票而不是克隆海龟。

TypeError: function() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

TypeError: function() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given

python

typeerror

python-turtle