Python tkinter - 编译成功但编译为 Exe 时程序运行不正确

Question

所以我使用 tkinter 创建了一种计算器，并且已经做到了这样一个快速设置会在 AppData 目录中创建一个 save.dat 文件，它作为一个 python 脚本工作，但是在编译时使用行：
pyinstaller --onefile -w file.py 这是行不通的。 exe 运行设置过程就好了，但似乎经过一些测试，当它到达 if 语句的末尾时，如果 save.dat 已经存在（出现一个对话框并且没有显示再次勾选框和 OK 按钮），它不会等待响应并关闭。当我检查 taskmanager 时，我瞥见它是一个后台进程，但没有 window 出现。我不明白问题出在哪里，所以我需要一些帮助。这是我的代码片段：

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import pickle
import os.path
import sys

def saving():
    messagebox.showinfo("Setting Up", "Setup will now begin")
    path = os.path.expanduser("~/AppData/Local")
    os.chdir(path)
    os.makedirs("hydrocalc")
    loc = os.path.expanduser("~/AppData/Local/hydrocalc/save.dat")
    new = "0"
    pickle.dump(new, open(loc, "wb"))
    
popup = Tk()
popup.withdraw()
loc = os.path.expanduser("~/AppData/Local/hydrocalc/save.dat")
if (os.path.exists(loc)):
    i = pickle.load(open(loc, "rb"))
    # then a few variables referring to the calculator
   def world():
       #the functions referring to the calculator
      if (i == "0"):
        popup.deiconify()
        popup["bg"] = "#f0f0f0"
        popup.title("INSTRUCTIONS")
        labelpu = Label(popup, bg="white", text= #instructions on usage, justify="left").grid()
        popup.resizable(width=False, height=False)
        var = StringVar()
        check = Checkbutton(popup, text="Don't Show Again", variable=var, onvalue="1", offvalue="0", 
        bg="#f0f0f0")
        check.deselect()
        check.grid()
        lbl = Label(popup, text=var.get())

        def btnOkay():
            global i
            lbl = Label(popup, text=var.get())
            if (var.get() == "0"):
                popup.withdraw()
                i = "1"
                calc.deiconify()
                world()
            
            elif (var.get() == "1"):
                
                info = open(loc, 'w+')
                new = "1"
                pickle.dump(new, open(loc, "wb"))
                popup.withdraw()
                calc.deiconify()
                i = "1"
                world()
        popup.deiconify()
        btnOK = Button(popup, text="OK", bg="#f0f0f0", justify="center", width=20, 
        command=lambda:btnOkay()).grid()
    elif (i == "1"):
        calc.deiconify()
        world()
else:
    saving()
    messagebox.showinfo("Setup Complete", "Setup is now complete. Please restart the program to 
    continue.")
    sys.exit()

Answer 1

有几处需要修改，请参考下面的更新代码

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import pickle
import os.path
import sys

def saving():
    messagebox.showinfo("Setting Up", "Setup will now begin")
    path = os.path.expanduser(appdata)
    os.chdir(path)
    os.makedirs(appdir)
    loc = os.path.expanduser(pref_file)
    new = "0"
    pickle.dump(new, open(loc, "wb"))
    
popup = Tk()
popup.withdraw()

appdata=os.getenv('APPDATA') #modified for my convenience
appdir=os.path.join(appdata,'MyApp')
pref_file=os.path.join(appdir,'pref.pickle')
loc = os.path.expanduser(pref_file)

if (os.path.exists(loc)):

    def world():
        #the functions referring to the calculator
        if (i == "0"):
            popup.deiconify()
            popup["bg"] = "#f0f0f0"
            popup.title("INSTRUCTIONS")
            labelpu = Label(popup, bg="white", text='instructions on usage', justify="left").grid()
            popup.resizable(width=False, height=False)
            var = StringVar()
            check = Checkbutton(popup, text="Don't Show Again", variable=var, onvalue="1", offvalue="0", 
            bg="#f0f0f0")
            check.deselect()
            check.grid()
            lbl = Label(popup, text=var.get())
            btnOK = Button(popup, text="OK", bg="#f0f0f0", justify="center", width=20,command=lambda:btnOkay()).grid()
            def btnOkay():
                global i
                lbl = Label(popup, text=var.get())
                if (var.get() == "0"):
                    popup.withdraw()
                    i = "1"
                    #calc.deiconify()
                    print('deiconified calc') #added for debugging
                
                elif (var.get() == "1"):
                    
                    info = open(loc, 'w+')
                    new = "1"
                    pickle.dump(new, open(loc, "wb"))
                    popup.withdraw()
                    #calc.deiconify()
                    print('deiconified calc') #added for debugging
                    i = "1"
                    world()
                    popup.deiconify()

        elif i == "1":
            #calc.deiconify() commented for debugging
            print('deiconified calc')
            exit() #added for debugging

    i = pickle.load(open(loc, "rb"))
    world()

else:
    saving()
    messagebox.showinfo("Setup Complete", "Setup is now complete. Please restart the program to continue.")
    sys.exit()

popup.mainloop()

注释

您的程序没有 mainloop()，因此您的 window 永远不会出现。
在 if 条件下没有对 world() 函数的初始调用。
不要在elif i == "1":条件下调用world()，会导致无限递归。

我仍然不完全清楚你到底想实现什么，如果我的代码满足你的要求，请告诉我。希望对您有所帮助。

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