如何测试依赖于 menu() 用户输入的函数

How to test a function that depends on a menu() user input

有没有办法自动测试menu()函数?

我在需要一些用户交互的包中创建了一个函数。它基本上询问用户结果是否符合要求。我想要一个 testthat-body 接受输入并创建和检查输出。然而,用户交互阻碍了这个框架。有没有办法以编程方式插入用户答案?我尝试了 interactive() 函数但没有成功。

library(testthat)

# fancy function
askPermission <- function(old, new) {
  cat(paste0(old,
             "\n--->\n", new, "\n\n"))
  prompt <- "Use this? "
  response <- menu(c("YES", "NO"), title = prompt) == 1
  return(new)
}

# tests
test_that("test Permission", {
  expect_equal(askPermission("A", "B"), "B")
})

您可以添加一个额外的 response 参数,默认值为 NA,您可以设置它以在测试期间强制响应:

library(testthat)

# fancy function
askPermission <- function(old, new , response = NA) {
  cat(paste0(old,
             "\n--->\n", new, "\n\n"))
  prompt <- "Use this? "
 if (is.na(response)) { 
    response <- menu(c("YES", "NO"), title = prompt) == 2
  } 
  return(new)
}

# tests
library(testthat)
test_that("test Permission", {
  expect_equal(askPermission("A", "B",2), "B")
})
#> A
#> --->
#> B
#> 
#> Test passed

另一种选择是使用 mockr 包模拟 menu 函数:

library(testthat)
library(mockr)

local({
  # Here, we override the menu function to force expected choice
  local_mock(menu = function(choices,title=NULL) 2)
  
  test_that("test Permission", {
    expect_equal(askPermission("A", "B"), "B")
  })
})
#> A
#> --->
#> B
#> 
#> Test passed

请注意,您作为示例提供的 AskPermission 函数始终 returns new 并且不依赖于 response

我通过检查调用范围找到了一种不使用任何进一步依赖的方法。 test_that() 有自己的函数环境,名称为 test_env。如果函数 askPermission() 在嵌套范围内调用,该范围包含任何更高级别的此类环境,则跳过 menu() 函数。此外,menu() 仅在交互式上下文中才有意义。

library(testthat)
# fancy function
askPermission <- function(old, new) {
  cat(paste0(old,
             "\n--->\n", new, "\n\n"))
  prompt <- "Use this? "
  
  # calling scope
  tb <- .traceback(x = 0)

  # check if called in testthat or interactive
  if(!any(unlist(lapply(tb, function(x) any(grepl("test_env", x))))) && interactive())
    response <- menu(c("YES", "NO"), title = prompt) == 1
  
  return(new)
}

# tests
test_that("test Permission", {
  expect_equal(askPermission("A", "B"), "B")
})
#> A
#> --->
#> B
#> 
#> Test passed

# regular usage --------
askPermission("A", "B")
#> A
#> --->
#> B
#> Use this?  
#>   
#>   1: YES
#>   2: NO
#> 
#> Choice: