我有一个使用列表的问题
I have a problem with a problem that uses lists
我对这段代码有疑问。我尝试使用 gdb 和 Valgrind 进行调试,但没有任何效果...
代码的目标是创建一个列表,只有当列表中已经没有具有相同字符串的现有节点时,才添加每个字符串。
这是代码:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
struct node {
char *word;
struct node *next;
};
void print_list(struct node *head) {
while ((head) != NULL) {
printf(" %s -> ", head->word);
head = (head->next);
}
}
// insert a new node in head
void add_n(struct node **head, char *str) {
struct node *new;
new = malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (new == NULL) {
printf("Not enough memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
new->word = str;
new->next = NULL;
if ((*head) == NULL){
(*head) = new;
}
while ((*head)->next != NULL) {
head = &(*head)->next;
}
(*head)->next = new;
}
// check if str is present in the list
int find_string(struct node **head, char *str) {
int found = 0;
while ((*head) != NULL) {
int i = strcmp(str, (*head)->word); //i=0 are the same
if (i == 0) {
found = 1;
return found;
}
head = &((*head)->next);
}
return found;
}
// insert a new string in the list only if is new
void insert(struct node **head, char *str) {
if (find_string(head, str) == 0) {
add_n(head, str);
}
}
void rem_ent(struct node **head, struct node *ent) {
while ((*head) != ent) {
head = &((*head)->next);
}
(*head) = ent->next;
free(ent);
}
void fini_list(struct node **head) {
while ((*head) != NULL) {
rem_ent(head, *head);
head = &((*head)->next);
}
}
int main() {
struct node *head = NULL;
insert(&head, "electric");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "calcolatori");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "prova pratica");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "calcolatori");
print_list(head);
fini_list(&head);
//printf("lunghezza media = %f\n", avg_word_lenght(head));
return 0;
}
也许错误可能是愚蠢的,但我花了很多时间调试没有成功。
由于冗余语句
,函数fini_list
调用了未定义的行为
head=&((*head)->next);
因为函数rem_ent
已经设置了指针的新值head
。
void rem_ent(struct node** head, struct node * ent){
while((*head) != ent){
head= &((*head)->next);
}
(*head)= ent->next;
free(ent);
}
删除语句
void fini_list(struct node** head){
while((*head) != NULL){
rem_ent(head, *head);
}
}
同样把函数add_n
改成下面的方式
// insert a new node in head
void add_n(struct node ** head, char* str){
struct node * new;
new = malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (new == NULL) {
printf("Not enough memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
new->word= str;
new->next = NULL;
if ((*head)==NULL){
(*head)=new;
}
else
{
while((*head)->next != NULL){
head = &(*head)->next;}
(*head)->next = new;
}
}
下次将代码格式化为可读的方式。
一般来说,您应该为将存储在列表节点中的字符串动态分配内存。
我对这段代码有疑问。我尝试使用 gdb 和 Valgrind 进行调试,但没有任何效果...
代码的目标是创建一个列表,只有当列表中已经没有具有相同字符串的现有节点时,才添加每个字符串。
这是代码:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
struct node {
char *word;
struct node *next;
};
void print_list(struct node *head) {
while ((head) != NULL) {
printf(" %s -> ", head->word);
head = (head->next);
}
}
// insert a new node in head
void add_n(struct node **head, char *str) {
struct node *new;
new = malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (new == NULL) {
printf("Not enough memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
new->word = str;
new->next = NULL;
if ((*head) == NULL){
(*head) = new;
}
while ((*head)->next != NULL) {
head = &(*head)->next;
}
(*head)->next = new;
}
// check if str is present in the list
int find_string(struct node **head, char *str) {
int found = 0;
while ((*head) != NULL) {
int i = strcmp(str, (*head)->word); //i=0 are the same
if (i == 0) {
found = 1;
return found;
}
head = &((*head)->next);
}
return found;
}
// insert a new string in the list only if is new
void insert(struct node **head, char *str) {
if (find_string(head, str) == 0) {
add_n(head, str);
}
}
void rem_ent(struct node **head, struct node *ent) {
while ((*head) != ent) {
head = &((*head)->next);
}
(*head) = ent->next;
free(ent);
}
void fini_list(struct node **head) {
while ((*head) != NULL) {
rem_ent(head, *head);
head = &((*head)->next);
}
}
int main() {
struct node *head = NULL;
insert(&head, "electric");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "calcolatori");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "prova pratica");
print_list(head);
insert(&head, "calcolatori");
print_list(head);
fini_list(&head);
//printf("lunghezza media = %f\n", avg_word_lenght(head));
return 0;
}
也许错误可能是愚蠢的,但我花了很多时间调试没有成功。
由于冗余语句
,函数fini_list
调用了未定义的行为
head=&((*head)->next);
因为函数rem_ent
已经设置了指针的新值head
。
void rem_ent(struct node** head, struct node * ent){
while((*head) != ent){
head= &((*head)->next);
}
(*head)= ent->next;
free(ent);
}
删除语句
void fini_list(struct node** head){
while((*head) != NULL){
rem_ent(head, *head);
}
}
同样把函数add_n
改成下面的方式
// insert a new node in head
void add_n(struct node ** head, char* str){
struct node * new;
new = malloc(sizeof(struct node));
if (new == NULL) {
printf("Not enough memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
new->word= str;
new->next = NULL;
if ((*head)==NULL){
(*head)=new;
}
else
{
while((*head)->next != NULL){
head = &(*head)->next;}
(*head)->next = new;
}
}
下次将代码格式化为可读的方式。
一般来说,您应该为将存储在列表节点中的字符串动态分配内存。