装饰实例 method/classmethod 的 Python 装饰器是否有可能知道函数将绑定到 class?

Is it possible for a Python decorator decorating a instance method/classmethod to know the class the function will be bound to?

对于顶级函数:

def wrap(f: Callable) -> Callable:
    # Some logic
    return f

当这样的函数被用来修饰在 class 主体中定义的另一个函数时:

class SomeClass:
    @wrap
    # may also be a @classmethod
    def some_method(self, *args, **kwargs):
        pass

是否可以在 wrap 函数中以某种方式检查传入的方法(在本例中为 SomeClass.some_method)并检索 SomeClass 的类型对象?

我尝试在运行时使用调试器检查 f,但是当 f 在包装器中时,我能从 f 中找到的唯一相关信息是 __qualname__ 属性,其中包含class 名字。


如果您想知道我为什么要这样做:我正在尝试为某个 class 创建某种基于方法名称(方法都是属性)的模式,并将此模式存储在 dict 中,我希望键是 class 对象本身。以类型签名表示:

SchemaSource = TypeVar('SchemaSource', bound=Any)
Method = Callable[..., Any]  # will be bound to SchemaSource
Schema = Dict[Type[SchemaSource], Dict[str, Method]]

当然,我可以稍后检查 class __dict__,或者使用例如 __init_subclass__ 钩子,但是因为我想在模式中包含一些方法,我我认为修饰函数是通过单一来源提供此信息的好方法。

jasonharper所述,在调用装饰器时class还不存在,因此它接收的函数只是一个常规函数(除了它的名字提到class 会绑定到)。


对于我的问题,我最终采用了 attrs 风格,使用额外的装饰器来装饰 class。

def include(f: Callable) -> Callable:
    """Add function `f` to SchemaBuilder."""
    SchemaBuilder.append(f)
    return f

class SchemaBuilder:
    records: Dict[Type, Dict[Callable, Any]] = {}
    temporary: List[Callable] = []

    @classmethod
    def append(cls, f: Callable):
        """Temporarily store the method in a list."""
        cls.temporary.append(f)

    @classmethod
    def register(cls, target_cls: Type):
        """Associate all methods stored in the list with `target_cls`.

        We rely on the fact that `target_cls` will be instantiated
        (and thus this method called) as soon as all of its (immediate)
        methods have been created.
        """
        cls.records[target_cls] = {k: None for k in cls.temporary}
        cls.temporary = []

# In use:

@SchemaBuilder.register  # called later
class SomeClass:
    @property
    @include  # called first
    def some_property(self):  # will be included
        pass

    @property
    def some_other_property(self):  # will not be included
        pass