如何在 Junit 4 的 @before 方法中知道当前的 @Test 方法

Question

我在 JUnit 测试中有以下代码 class。如何在@Before 方法中知道，现在要执行哪个@Test 方法。由于 @Before 方法在 @Test 方法之前被调用。我想在@Before 中编写代码，以便为相应的@Test 方法设置相关的测试数据。

/*
         * @Before is called before executing each test method.
         * We are using it to setup test data before executing test case
         * */
        @Before
        public void prepareForTest()throws Exception{
            System.out.println("prepareForTest called");

        }
        
        /**
         * This method to check sub requirements are present 
         * 1. AssertNotNull variant
         * 2. Condition that MapList is not empty 
         */
        @Test
        public void testGetSubRequirementNotNull()throws MatrixException{
            System.out.println("testGetSubRequirementNotNull called");
            
            String strReqObjectId = propertySet.getProperty("Requirement.testGetSubRequirementNotNull.objectId");
            
            RequirementService reqService = serviceFactory.getRequirementService(context);
            MapList mlSubReqList = reqService.getSubRequirement(context, strReqObjectId);
            
            assertNotNull("SubRequirement List is null", mlSubReqList);
            assertFalse("SubRequirement list is empty", mlSubReqList.isEmpty());
            
        }
    
        /**
         * This method is to check sub requirements are not present
         * 1. AssertNull variant
         * 2. Condition that MapList is empty 
         */
        @Test
        public void testGetSubRequirementNull()throws MatrixException{
            System.out.println("testGetSubRequirementNull called");
            
            String strReqObjectId = propertySet.getProperty("Requirement.testGetSubRequirementNotNull.objectId");
            
            RequirementService reqService = serviceFactory.getRequirementService(context);
            MapList mlSubReqList = reqService.getSubRequirement(context, strReqObjectId);
            
            assertNull("SubRequirement List is not null", mlSubReqList);
            assertTrue("SubRequirement list is not empty", mlSubReqList.isEmpty());
            
        }

Answer 1

@Before 的文档说：

When writing tests, it is common to find that several tests need similar objects created before they can run.

根据我的经验，您应该只在 @Before 方法中创建被 class.

中所有测试方法使用的对象

如果您的某个测试确实需要一个只在那里使用的对象，则该测试应该自己实例化该对象。

如果您的一些（不是全部）测试需要相同（或相似）的对象，我建议在 class 的 private 辅助方法中提取对象的实例化由每个测试方法调用。这也符合 DRY 原则。

tl;dr;
我认为您不需要知道接下来将执行哪个测试。每个测试都应该实例化它自己需要的对象。

Answer 2

如果我们需要知道当前将在@Before 方法中执行哪个@Test 方法，这可以通过使用@Rule TestName 字段在技术上实现，如下所示。

@Rule public TestName testName = new TestName();

/*
 * @Before is called before executing each test method.
 * This method is called before executing testGetSubRequirement method.
 * We are using it to setup test data before executing test case
 * */
@Before
public void prepareForTest()throws Exception{
    System.out.println("prepareForTest called::"+testName.getMethodName());//it will print name of @Test method to be excuted next
    
}

如何在 Junit 4 的 @before 方法中知道当前的 @Test 方法

How to know current @Test method in @before method in Junit 4

junit

junit4