如何压缩从科特林图库中挑选的照片
How to compress a photo picked from gallery in kotlin
我发现了很多关于该主题的问题,但 none 有一个完整的工作示例。
我的情况很简单:
- 获取图片
- 压缩图片
- 将压缩图像上传到 Firebase 存储
我现在的代码(没有压缩):
片段:
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
RC_PICK_IMAGE ->
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
data?.data?.let { viewModel.updateUserPicture(it) }
}
}
视图模型:
fun updatePhotoUrl(photoUrl: Uri?): Task<Void> =
Storage.uploadFile("/$PS_USERS/$uid", photoUrl)
.continueWithTask { ... }
存储:(包装 Firebase 交互的对象)
fun uploadFile(path: String, uri: Uri): Task<Uri> {
val imageRef = storageRef.child(path)
val uploadTask = imageRef.putFile(uri)
// Return the task getting the download URL
return uploadTask.continueWithTask { task ->
if (!task.isSuccessful) {
task.exception?.let {
throw it
}
}
imageRef.downloadUrl
}
}
这非常有效。
现在我的问题是:在此过程中添加压缩的正确方法是什么?
- 我找到了很多指向 Compressor library (like here & here) and tried it, but it doesn't work with gallery result uris. I found ways to get the actual uri from that (like here) 的答案,但它们感觉像是很多样板代码,因此感觉不是最佳实践。
- 我还使用
bitmap.compress
找到了许多答案(例如 here & here) and tried it too, but it asks for a bitmap. Getting the bitmap is easy with MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap
, but it is deprecated, and this 解决方案让我怀疑它是否是正确的方向。此外,将位图保存在我的 LiveData 对象中(在屏幕上显示直到实际save, in the edit screen),而不是uri,感觉很奇怪(我使用Glide来呈现图像)。
最重要的是,这两种解决方案都需要上下文。我认为压缩是一个应该属于后端的过程(或 Repository class。在我的例子中是 Storage 对象),所以他们感觉有点不对劲。
有人可以分享这个简单用例的完整工作示例吗?
流程应该是:
用户选择图像并在 ImageView
中显示(scaleTyle 应该是 centerCrop ).
用户点击保存按钮,我们开始上传图片bytes
,像这样:
val uploadTask = profilePicturesReference.putBytes(getImageBytes())
private fun getImageBytes(): ByteArray {
val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(my_profile_imageView.width, my_profile_imageView.height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
val canvas = Canvas(bitmap)
my_profile_imageView.draw(canvas)
val outputStream = ByteArrayOutputStream()
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, outputStream) //here, 100 is the quality in %
return outputStream.toByteArray()
}
演示:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTXCn3NVqDM
将原始大小的图像上传到 Firebase 存储:
val uploadTask = profilePicturesReference.putFile(fileUri)
使用它可能会有所帮助:
通过传递 compressAndSetImage(data.data)
从 onActivityResult 调用 compressAndSetImage
fun compressAndSetImage(result: Uri){
val job = Job()
val uiScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO + job)
val fileUri = getFilePathFromUri(result, context!!)
uiScope.launch {
val compressedImageFile = Compressor.compress(context!!, File(fileUri.path)){
quality(50) // combine with compressor constraint
format(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG)
}
resultUri = Uri.fromFile(compressedImageFile)
activity!!.runOnUiThread {
resultUri?.let {
//set image here
}
}
}
}
要解决此问题,我必须先将此路径转换为真实路径,这样我才能解决此问题。
首先,这是要在 build.gradle (app) 中添加的依赖项:
//图片压缩依赖
implementation 'id.zelory:compressor:3.0.0'
//将uri路径转换为真实路径
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun getFilePathFromUri(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): Uri? {
val fileName: String? = getFileName(uri, context)
val file = File(context?.externalCacheDir, fileName)
file.createNewFile()
FileOutputStream(file).use { outputStream ->
context?.contentResolver?.openInputStream(uri).use { inputStream ->
copyFile(inputStream, outputStream)
outputStream.flush()
}
}
return Uri.fromFile(file)
}
@Throws(IOException::class)
private fun copyFile(`in`: InputStream?, out: OutputStream) {
val buffer = ByteArray(1024)
var read: Int? = null
while (`in`?.read(buffer).also({ read = it!! }) != -1) {
read?.let { out.write(buffer, 0, it) }
}
}//copyFile ends
fun getFileName(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
var fileName: String? = getFileNameFromCursor(uri, context)
if (fileName == null) {
val fileExtension: String? = getFileExtension(uri, context)
fileName = "temp_file" + if (fileExtension != null) ".$fileExtension" else ""
} else if (!fileName.contains(".")) {
val fileExtension: String? = getFileExtension(uri, context)
fileName = "$fileName.$fileExtension"
}
return fileName
}
fun getFileExtension(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
val fileType: String? = context?.contentResolver?.getType(uri)
return MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getExtensionFromMimeType(fileType)
}
fun getFileNameFromCursor(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
val fileCursor: Cursor? = context?.contentResolver
?.query(uri, arrayOf<String>(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME), null, null, null)
var fileName: String? = null
if (fileCursor != null && fileCursor.moveToFirst()) {
val cIndex: Int = fileCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME)
if (cIndex != -1) {
fileName = fileCursor.getString(cIndex)
}
}
return fileName
}
我能想到的最佳解决方案是:
片段:
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
RC_PICK_IMAGE ->
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
data?.data?.let { uri ->
context?.let {
viewModel.updateUserPicture(uriToCompressedBitmap(it, uri))
}
}
}
}
fun uriToCompressedBitmap(context: Context, uri: Uri): ByteArray {
val pfd = context.contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(uri, "r")
val bitmap =
BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(pfd?.fileDescriptor, null, null)
val baos = ByteArrayOutputStream()
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 75, baos)
return baos.toByteArray()
}
(当然还有:updateUserPicture
和 uploadFile
的 Uri
参数更改为 ByteArray
,对 putFile
的调用更改为putBytes
)
这个 link 对我很有帮助。
我不太喜欢在整个应用程序中使用位图而不是 uris,但这是迄今为止最适合我的方法。如果有人有更好的解决方案,请分享:)
编辑:
此解决方案存在元数据丢失问题,如所述. It is solvable of course (here), but I think that because the metadata fields can change between android versions, Hascher7's solution 更可靠。
我发现了很多关于该主题的问题,但 none 有一个完整的工作示例。
我的情况很简单:
- 获取图片
- 压缩图片
- 将压缩图像上传到 Firebase 存储
我现在的代码(没有压缩):
片段:
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
RC_PICK_IMAGE ->
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
data?.data?.let { viewModel.updateUserPicture(it) }
}
}
视图模型:
fun updatePhotoUrl(photoUrl: Uri?): Task<Void> =
Storage.uploadFile("/$PS_USERS/$uid", photoUrl)
.continueWithTask { ... }
存储:(包装 Firebase 交互的对象)
fun uploadFile(path: String, uri: Uri): Task<Uri> {
val imageRef = storageRef.child(path)
val uploadTask = imageRef.putFile(uri)
// Return the task getting the download URL
return uploadTask.continueWithTask { task ->
if (!task.isSuccessful) {
task.exception?.let {
throw it
}
}
imageRef.downloadUrl
}
}
这非常有效。
现在我的问题是:在此过程中添加压缩的正确方法是什么?
- 我找到了很多指向 Compressor library (like here & here) and tried it, but it doesn't work with gallery result uris. I found ways to get the actual uri from that (like here) 的答案,但它们感觉像是很多样板代码,因此感觉不是最佳实践。
- 我还使用
bitmap.compress
找到了许多答案(例如 here & here) and tried it too, but it asks for a bitmap. Getting the bitmap is easy withMediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap
, but it is deprecated, and this 解决方案让我怀疑它是否是正确的方向。此外,将位图保存在我的 LiveData 对象中(在屏幕上显示直到实际save, in the edit screen),而不是uri,感觉很奇怪(我使用Glide来呈现图像)。
最重要的是,这两种解决方案都需要上下文。我认为压缩是一个应该属于后端的过程(或 Repository class。在我的例子中是 Storage 对象),所以他们感觉有点不对劲。
有人可以分享这个简单用例的完整工作示例吗?
流程应该是:
用户选择图像并在
ImageView
中显示(scaleTyle 应该是 centerCrop ).用户点击保存按钮,我们开始上传图片
bytes
,像这样:val uploadTask = profilePicturesReference.putBytes(getImageBytes()) private fun getImageBytes(): ByteArray { val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(my_profile_imageView.width, my_profile_imageView.height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888) val canvas = Canvas(bitmap) my_profile_imageView.draw(canvas) val outputStream = ByteArrayOutputStream() bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, outputStream) //here, 100 is the quality in % return outputStream.toByteArray() }
演示:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTXCn3NVqDM
将原始大小的图像上传到 Firebase 存储:
val uploadTask = profilePicturesReference.putFile(fileUri)
使用它可能会有所帮助: 通过传递 compressAndSetImage(data.data)
从 onActivityResult 调用 compressAndSetImagefun compressAndSetImage(result: Uri){
val job = Job()
val uiScope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO + job)
val fileUri = getFilePathFromUri(result, context!!)
uiScope.launch {
val compressedImageFile = Compressor.compress(context!!, File(fileUri.path)){
quality(50) // combine with compressor constraint
format(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG)
}
resultUri = Uri.fromFile(compressedImageFile)
activity!!.runOnUiThread {
resultUri?.let {
//set image here
}
}
}
}
要解决此问题,我必须先将此路径转换为真实路径,这样我才能解决此问题。 首先,这是要在 build.gradle (app) 中添加的依赖项: //图片压缩依赖
implementation 'id.zelory:compressor:3.0.0'
//将uri路径转换为真实路径
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun getFilePathFromUri(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): Uri? {
val fileName: String? = getFileName(uri, context)
val file = File(context?.externalCacheDir, fileName)
file.createNewFile()
FileOutputStream(file).use { outputStream ->
context?.contentResolver?.openInputStream(uri).use { inputStream ->
copyFile(inputStream, outputStream)
outputStream.flush()
}
}
return Uri.fromFile(file)
}
@Throws(IOException::class)
private fun copyFile(`in`: InputStream?, out: OutputStream) {
val buffer = ByteArray(1024)
var read: Int? = null
while (`in`?.read(buffer).also({ read = it!! }) != -1) {
read?.let { out.write(buffer, 0, it) }
}
}//copyFile ends
fun getFileName(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
var fileName: String? = getFileNameFromCursor(uri, context)
if (fileName == null) {
val fileExtension: String? = getFileExtension(uri, context)
fileName = "temp_file" + if (fileExtension != null) ".$fileExtension" else ""
} else if (!fileName.contains(".")) {
val fileExtension: String? = getFileExtension(uri, context)
fileName = "$fileName.$fileExtension"
}
return fileName
}
fun getFileExtension(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
val fileType: String? = context?.contentResolver?.getType(uri)
return MimeTypeMap.getSingleton().getExtensionFromMimeType(fileType)
}
fun getFileNameFromCursor(uri: Uri?, context: Context?): String? {
val fileCursor: Cursor? = context?.contentResolver
?.query(uri, arrayOf<String>(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME), null, null, null)
var fileName: String? = null
if (fileCursor != null && fileCursor.moveToFirst()) {
val cIndex: Int = fileCursor.getColumnIndex(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME)
if (cIndex != -1) {
fileName = fileCursor.getString(cIndex)
}
}
return fileName
}
我能想到的最佳解决方案是:
片段:
override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
when (requestCode) {
RC_PICK_IMAGE ->
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK)
data?.data?.let { uri ->
context?.let {
viewModel.updateUserPicture(uriToCompressedBitmap(it, uri))
}
}
}
}
fun uriToCompressedBitmap(context: Context, uri: Uri): ByteArray {
val pfd = context.contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(uri, "r")
val bitmap =
BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(pfd?.fileDescriptor, null, null)
val baos = ByteArrayOutputStream()
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 75, baos)
return baos.toByteArray()
}
(当然还有:updateUserPicture
和 uploadFile
的 Uri
参数更改为 ByteArray
,对 putFile
的调用更改为putBytes
)
这个 link 对我很有帮助。
我不太喜欢在整个应用程序中使用位图而不是 uris,但这是迄今为止最适合我的方法。如果有人有更好的解决方案,请分享:)
编辑:
此解决方案存在元数据丢失问题,如所述