为什么 MPI_REDUCE returns 在编译时会出现语法错误？

Question

自 70 年代末上大学以来，我就没有用 Fortran 编写过代码（那是用打孔卡！），但现在我正在尝试学习如何将 MPI 与该语言一起使用。我在调用 MPI_REDUCE 时遇到语法错误，但我不知道为什么。我只知道我错过了一些简单的东西。

C Test program

      program pi_reduce
      include 'mpif.h'

      double precision PI25DT
      parameter (PI25DT = 3.141592535897932384662643d0)
      double precision mypi, pi, h, sum, x, f, a
      integer n, myid, numprocs, i, ierr
      f(a) = 4.d0/(1.d0 + a*a)

      call MPI_INIT(ierr)
      call MPI_COMM_RANK(MPI_COMM_WORLD, myid, ierr)
      call MPI_COMM_SIZE(MPI_COMM_WORLD, numprocs, ierr)
      do
        if (myid .eq. 0) then
          print *, 'Enter the number of intervals: (0 quits) '
          read(*,*) n
        endif
        call MPI_BCAST(n, 1, MPI_INTEGER, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
        if (n .le. 0) exit
        h = 1.0d0/n
        sum = 0.0d0
        do i = myid + 1, n, numprocs
          x = h * (dble(i) - 0.5d0)
          sum = sum + f(x)
        enddo
        mypi = h * sum
        call MPI_REDUCE(mypi, pi, 1, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
        if (myid .eq. 0) then
          print *, 'pi is ', pi, ' Error is', abs(pi-PI25DT)
        endif
      enddo
      call MPI_FINALIZE(ierr)
      end

Answer 1

如评论中所述，您的其中一行太长了。使用 gfortran 至少如果你将警告调到最大（如果开发代码你应该这样做）你会得到更多信息

ian@eris:~/work/stack$ mpif90 --version
GNU Fortran (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) 7.4.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

ian@eris:~/work/stack$ mpif90 -O -fcheck=all -std=f2008 -Wall -Wextra long.f 
long.f:8:72:

       f(a) = 4.d0/(1.d0 + a*a)
                                                                        1
Warning: Obsolescent feature: Statement function at (1)
long.f:27:72:

         call MPI_REDUCE(mypi, pi, 1, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
                                                                        1
Warning: Line truncated at (1) [-Wline-truncation]
long.f:27:72:

         call MPI_REDUCE(mypi, pi, 1, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
                                                                        1
Error: Syntax error in argument list at (1)

我建议您移动“新”（即可用 30 年）免费格式，它比基于陈旧穿孔卡的格式更灵活。事实上，总的来说，这将是一个很好的机会来学习现代的、比你多年前使用的更安全的做法（我猜从你说的我们是一个非常相似的年份）。这是您的代码的现代化版本

ian@eris:~/work/stack$ cat long.f90
program pi_reduce

  Use, Intrinsic :: iso_fortran_env, Only :  wp => real64
  ! Even better Use mpi_f08
  Use            :: mpi, Only : mpi_init, mpi_comm_rank, mpi_comm_size, mpi_reduce, &
       MPI_INTEGER, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_SUM

  Implicit None
  
  Real( wp ), Parameter :: PI25DT = 3.141592535897932384662643_wp

  Real( wp ) :: mypi, pi, h, sum, x
  integer    :: n, myid, numprocs, i, ierr

  call MPI_INIT(ierr)
  call MPI_COMM_RANK(MPI_COMM_WORLD, myid, ierr)
  call MPI_COMM_SIZE(MPI_COMM_WORLD, numprocs, ierr)
  do
     if (myid == 0) then
        print *, 'Enter the number of intervals: (0 quits) '
        read(*,*) n
     endif
     call MPI_BCAST(n, 1, MPI_INTEGER, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
     if (n .le. 0) exit
     h = 1.0_wp/n
     sum = 0.0_wp
     do i = myid + 1, n, numprocs
        x = h * ( Real( i , wp ) - 0.5_wp)
        sum = sum + f(x)
     enddo
     mypi = h * sum
     call MPI_REDUCE(mypi, pi, 1, MPI_DOUBLE_PRECISION, MPI_SUM, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, ierr)
     if (myid .eq. 0) then
        print *, 'pi is ', pi, ' Error is', abs(pi-PI25DT)
     endif
  enddo
  call MPI_FINALIZE(ierr)

Contains

  Pure Function f( a ) 

    Use, Intrinsic :: iso_fortran_env, Only :  wp => real64

    Implicit None

    Real( wp ) :: f

    Real( wp ), Intent( In ) :: a

    f = 4.0_wp / ( 1.0_wp + a * a )
    
  End Function f
  
end program pi_reduce
ian@eris:~/work/stack$ mpif90 --version
GNU Fortran (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1) 7.4.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

ian@eris:~/work/stack$ mpif90 -O -fcheck=all -std=f2008 -Wall -Wextra long.f90
ian@eris:~/work/stack$ mpirun -np 8 ./a.out
 Enter the number of intervals: (0 quits) 
345435
 pi is    3.1415926535904788       Error is   1.1769254637528093E-007
 Enter the number of intervals: (0 quits) 
0
ian@eris:~/work/stack$

为什么 MPI_REDUCE returns 在编译时会出现语法错误？

Why does MPI_REDUCE returns a syntax error at compile time?

fortran

mpi

hpc