即使在 bash 脚本中使用双引号,SED 扩展也不起作用

SED expansion not working even with double quotes in bash script

bash shell 脚本有点问题。 基本上,我将值插入到一个文件中,然后从中创建一个变量,并尝试通过 sed 在另一个文件中追加和扩展变量值。

即:

cat animal.txt
Dog: 5
Ferret: 1
Cat: 10
Hamster: 2
NUM=$(cat animal.txt)

然后我想将变量 'NUM' 中的值附加到另一个文件 temp.txt:

cat temp.txt
country: England  city: Manchester
country: England  city: Hull
country: England  city: Liverpool
country: England  city: London

尝试了所有这些变化,但 none 就足够了:

sed 's/$/'"${NUM}"'/' temp.txt
sed 's/$/"${NUM}"/' temp.txt
sed 's/$/'"${NUM}"'/' temp.txt
sed "s/$/"${NUM}"/" temp.txt
sed "s/$/${NUM}\/" temp.txt

这两个有点工作,但变量仍然没有展开:

sed 's/$/"${NUM}"/' temp.txt
sed 's/$/"${NUM}\"/' temp.txt
country: England  city: Manchester  "${NUM}"
country: England  city: Hull  "${NUM}"
country: England  city: Liverpool  "${NUM}"
country: England  city: London  "${NUM}"

即使我将整个表达式用双引号引起来:

sed "s/$/${NUM}/" temp.txt
sed "s/$/${NUM}\/" temp.txt

我得到:

sed: -e expression #1, char 27: unterminated `s' command
sed: -e expression #1, char 12: unterminated `s' command

期望输出:

country: England  city: Manchester  Dog: 5
country: England  city: Hull        Ferret: 1
country: England  city: Liverpool   Cat: 10
country: England  city: London      Hamster: 2

country: England  city: Manchester  Dog:     5
country: England  city: Hull        Ferret:  1
country: England  city: Liverpool   Cat:     10
country: England  city: London      Hamster: 2

我知道我应该避免使用单引号并使用双引号,但我错过了什么? 在这里使用 sed 是错误的工具吗?你认为 awk 会更好吗?

谢谢。

Is sed the wrong tool to work with here? Yes probably.

无论如何,如果您的 animals.txt 文件足够小,您可以不用这个语句。

$ NUM="$(cat animal.txt)"; IFS=$'\n'; n=1; for num in $NUM; do i=0; while read -r line; do i=$((i + 1)); if [ $i -eq $n ]; then echo "$line" "$num"; n=$((n + 1)); break; fi; done < temp.txt; done

country: England  city: Manchester Dog: 5
country: England  city: Hull Ferret: 1
country: England  city: Liverpool Cat: 10
country: England  city: London Hamster: 2

但是对于大文件,awk 可能是更好的选择。

$ awk 'NR==FNR {num[FNR]=[=11=];next}{print [=11=] " " num[FNR]}' animal.txt temp.txt

country: England  city: Manchester Dog: 5
country: England  city: Hull Ferret: 1
country: England  city: Liverpool Cat: 10
country: England  city: London Hamster: 2