OpenGL 导入因 pyqtgraph 而失败

Question

我有一个安装了 python 3、pyopengl 和 pyqtgraph 的 conda 环境。运行 import OpenGL 没有问题，但是当我尝试运行带有 python -m pyqtgraph.examples 的 pyqtgraph 示例时，大多数示例都有效，但是如果我运行一个在需要 OpenGL 的 3D 示例中，我收到以下错误：

Using PyQt5 (default graphics system)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/darwin.py", line 35, in GL
    return ctypesloader.loadLibrary(
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/ctypesloader.py", line 45, in loadLibrary
    return dllType( name, mode )
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/ctypes/__init__.py", line 381, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: ('dlopen(OpenGL, 10): image not found', 'OpenGL', None)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyqtgraph/examples/GLIsosurface.py", line 12, in <module>
    import pyqtgraph.opengl as gl
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyqtgraph/opengl/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from .GLViewWidget import GLViewWidget
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pyqtgraph/opengl/GLViewWidget.py", line 2, in <module>
    from OpenGL.GL import *
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/GL/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from OpenGL import error as _error
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/error.py", line 12, in <module>
    from OpenGL import platform, _configflags
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/__init__.py", line 35, in <module>
    _load()
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/__init__.py", line 32, in _load
    plugin.install(globals())
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 92, in install
    namespace[ name ] = getattr(self,name,None)
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 14, in __get__
    value = self.fget( obj )
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/darwin.py", line 62, in GetCurrentContext
    return self.CGL.CGLGetCurrentContext 
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 14, in __get__
    value = self.fget( obj )
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/darwin.py", line 45, in CGL
    def CGL(self): return self.GL
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 14, in __get__
    value = self.fget( obj )
  File "/usr/local/Caskroom/miniconda/base/envs/mcdermott3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/darwin.py", line 41, in GL
    raise ImportError("Unable to load OpenGL library", *err.args)
ImportError: ('Unable to load OpenGL library', 'dlopen(OpenGL, 10): image not found', 'OpenGL', None)

有什么解决办法吗？如果相关，我运行在 Mac OS Big Sur 中运行使用 conda 安装所有内容。

编辑：我刚刚发现 this 一个类似的问题，但仍然不知道该怎么做。

Answer 1

来自保罗·麦卡锡的电子邮件：

“这可能是由于 Big Sur 的变化影响了 Python 查找共享库的方式，导致 PyOpenGL 崩溃，实际上与您发现的 FSLeyes github 问题无关. Big Sur 现在从文件系统中删除某些共享的 dylib 文件，而是将它们放入内存缓存中。然后拦截引用完整文件路径的 dlopen 调用，并从缓存中加载文件。这与Python 以前用来在 macOS 上加载共享库的方法。Python 的人已经实现了一个解决方案，但我不确定修复是否已经发布（我认为它只是正在为 Python 3.8 及更高版本发布）。"

link 已修复此问题。

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