如何使用 SwiftUI 打开通知操作的自定义视图？

Question

我正在尝试获取打开自定义视图的通知操作。我的通知基本上是新闻，我希望用户在点击“阅读通知”操作时转到显示简单文本的页面（出于这个问题的目的）。我已经尝试了很多教程，但它们都使用了一些现有的视图，例如“imagePicker”，这些视图已经默认启用了大量的东西，我不知道我需要添加到我的自定义视图中才能完成这项工作的所有东西.像 UIViewControllerRepresentable、协调器或任何我可能需要的东西。

这是我处理通知的主要 swift 文件。（通知工作正常）文件末尾是 AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {} 的扩展名，该扩展名取自我正在遵循的教程，它创建了一个 NewsItem，我也将在此处包含它。但是因为我在 SwiftUI 而不是 UIKit 中工作，所以我无法按照我设法找到的任何教程来按照我想要的方式工作。

我包含了完整的应用程序委托扩展和 newsItem 只是为了使此处的代码可编译，但我将需要更改的部分放在评论块中。

import SwiftUI
import UserNotifications
enum Identifiers {
  static let viewAction = "VIEW_IDENTIFIER"
  static let readableCategory = "READABLE"
}
@main
struct MyApp: App {
  @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var appDelegate
  var body: some Scene {
    WindowGroup {
      TabView{  
        NavigationView{
          ContentView()
        }
        .tabItem {
          Label("Home", systemImage : "house")
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
  var window: UIWindow?
  func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey : Any]? = nil) -> Bool {
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self// set the delegate
    registerForPushNotifications()
    return true
  }
  func application(  // registers for notifications and gets token
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data
  ) {
    let tokenParts = deviceToken.map { data in String(format: "%02.2hhx", data) }
    let token = tokenParts.joined()
    print("device token : \(token)")
  }//handles sucessful register for notifications
  
  func application( //handles unsucessful register for notifications
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: Error
  ) {
    print("Failed to register: \(error)")
  }//handles unsucessful register for notifications
  
  func application(   //handles notifications when app in foreground
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any],
    fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler:
      @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void
  ) {
    guard let aps = userInfo["aps"] as? [String: AnyObject] else {
      completionHandler(.failed)
      return
    }
    print("new notification received")
  }//handles notifications when app in foreground
  
  func registerForPushNotifications() {
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
      .requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]) { [weak self] granted, _ in
        print("permission granted: \(granted)")
        guard granted else { return }
        let viewAction = UNNotificationAction(
          identifier: Identifiers.viewAction,
          title: "Mark as read",
          options: [.foreground])

        let readableNotification = UNNotificationCategory(
          identifier: Identifiers.readable,
          actions: [viewAction2],
          intentIdentifiers: [],
          options: [])
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().setNotificationCategories([readableNotification])
        self?.getNotificationSettings()
      }
  }
  
  func getNotificationSettings() {
    UNUserNotificationCenter.current().getNotificationSettings { settings in
      guard settings.authorizationStatus == .authorized else { return }
      DispatchQueue.main.async {
        UIApplication.shared.registerForRemoteNotifications()
      }
      print("notification settings: \(settings)")
    }
  }
}

// MARK: - UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate

extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
  func userNotificationCenter(
    _ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
    didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
    withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void
  ) {
    let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo

    if let aps = userInfo["aps"] as? [String: AnyObject],
      let newsItem = NewsItem.makeNewsItem(aps) {
      (window?.rootViewController as? UITabBarController)?.selectedIndex = 1

      if response.actionIdentifier == Identifiers.viewAction,
        let url = URL(string: newsItem.link) {
        let safari = SFSafariViewController(url: url)
        window?.rootViewController?.present(safari, animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }

    completionHandler()
  }
}

// MARK: - UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate

extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
  func userNotificationCenter(
    _ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
    didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
    withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void
  ) {
    let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo

    if let aps = userInfo["aps"] as? [String: AnyObject],
      /*
      let newsItem = NewsItem.makeNewsItem(aps) {
      (window?.rootViewController as? UITabBarController)?.selectedIndex = 1
      if response.actionIdentifier == Identifiers.viewAction,
        let url = URL(string: newsItem.link) {
        let safari = SFSafariViewController(url: url)
        window?.rootViewController?.present(safari, animated: true, completion: nil)
      }
    }
   */

    completionHandler()
  }
}

这是教程中的 NewsItem.swift 以防万一，但这是一个我不需要或不想使用的文件。

import Foundation

struct NewsItem: Codable {
  let title: String
  let date: Date
  let link: String

  @discardableResult
  static func makeNewsItem(_ notification: [String: AnyObject]) -> NewsItem? {
    guard
      let news = notification["alert"] as? String,
      let url = notification["link_url"] as? String
    else {
      return nil
    }

    let newsItem = NewsItem(title: news, date: Date(), link: url)
    let newsStore = NewsStore.shared
    newsStore.add(item: newsItem)

    NotificationCenter.default.post(
      name: NewsFeedTableViewController.refreshNewsFeedNotification,
      object: self)

    return newsItem
  }
}

简化的 ContentView

import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {   
    var body: some View {
        VStack{  
            Text(DataForApp.welcomeText)
                .font(.title)
                .bold()
                .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                .foregroundColor(.secondary)
                .shadow(radius: 8 )
        } .navigationTitle("My Mobile App")
    }
}

现在我的目标是使用此 MyView，一旦用户点击“标记为已读”操作，我希望显示此视图。

import SwiftUI
struct MyView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("Notification text here")
    }
}

显然 MyView 不包含它需要的任何东西，但我不想 post 我在这里尝试的代码，因为我尝试了 200 种不同的东西，因为它们中的 none 工作我意识到我'我什至没有接近正确的轨道。

Answer 1

我通过使用我创建的名为 NotificationManager 的 @ObservableObject 解决了这个问题——它存储了最新通知的文本（如果你愿意，你可以扩展它来存储一个数组）并且提供了一个绑定来告诉应用程序是否根据是否有要显示的通知在堆栈中显示新视图。

此 NotificationManager 必须是 ContentView 上的 @ObservedObject 才能正常工作，因为 ContentView 需要监视 currentNotificationText 状态的变化，这是一个 @Published 属性.

ContentView 有一个不可见的 NavigationLink（通过 .overlay 和 EmptyView）只有在有通知的情况下才会被激活。

在 App Delegate 方法中，我只是将通知传递给一个简单的函数 handleNotification，该函数解析 aps 并将结果 String 放入 NotificationManager .您还可以使用更强大的功能轻松增强它，包括解析 aps

中的其他字段


import SwiftUI
import UserNotifications

//new class to store notification text and to tell the NavigationView to go to a new page
class NotificationManager : ObservableObject {
    @Published var currentNotificationText : String?
    
    var navigationBindingActive : Binding<Bool> {
        .init { () -> Bool in
            self.currentNotificationText != nil
        } set: { (newValue) in
            if !newValue { self.currentNotificationText = nil }
        }
        
    }
}

enum Identifiers {
    static let viewAction = "VIEW_IDENTIFIER"
    static let readableCategory = "READABLE"
}

@main
struct MyApp: App {
    @UIApplicationDelegateAdaptor(AppDelegate.self) var appDelegate
    
    var body: some Scene {
        WindowGroup {
            TabView{
                NavigationView{
                    ContentView(notificationManager: appDelegate.notificationManager) //pass the notificationManager as a dependency
                }
                .tabItem {
                    Label("Home", systemImage : "house")
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


class AppDelegate: NSObject, UIApplicationDelegate {
    var notificationManager = NotificationManager() //here's where notificationManager is stored
    
    var window: UIWindow?
    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey : Any]? = nil) -> Bool {
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().delegate = self// set the delegate
        registerForPushNotifications()
        return true
    }
    func application(  // registers for notifications and gets token
        _ application: UIApplication,
        didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data
    ) {
        let tokenParts = deviceToken.map { data in String(format: "%02.2hhx", data) }
        let token = tokenParts.joined()
        print("device token : \(token)")
    }//handles sucessful register for notifications
    
    func application( //handles unsucessful register for notifications
        _ application: UIApplication,
        didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError error: Error
    ) {
        print("Failed to register: \(error)")
    }//handles unsucessful register for notifications
    
    func application(   //handles notifications when app in foreground
        _ application: UIApplication,
        didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any],
        fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler:
            @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void
    ) {
        guard let aps = userInfo["aps"] as? [String: AnyObject] else {
            completionHandler(.failed)
            return
        }
        print("new notification received")
        handleNotification(aps: aps)
        completionHandler(.noData)
    }//handles notifications when app in foreground
    
    func registerForPushNotifications() {
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
            .requestAuthorization(options: [.alert, .sound, .badge]) { [weak self] granted, _ in
                print("permission granted: \(granted)")
                guard granted else { return }
                let viewAction = UNNotificationAction(
                    identifier: Identifiers.viewAction,
                    title: "Mark as read",
                    options: [.foreground])
                
                let readableNotification = UNNotificationCategory(
                    identifier: Identifiers.readableCategory,
                    actions: [viewAction],
                    intentIdentifiers: [],
                    options: [])
                UNUserNotificationCenter.current().setNotificationCategories([readableNotification])
                self?.getNotificationSettings()
            }
    }
    
    func getNotificationSettings() {
        UNUserNotificationCenter.current().getNotificationSettings { settings in
            guard settings.authorizationStatus == .authorized else { return }
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                UIApplication.shared.registerForRemoteNotifications()
            }
            print("notification settings: \(settings)")
        }
    }
}

// MARK: - UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate

extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
    func userNotificationCenter(
        _ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
        didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
        withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void
    ) {
        let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
        if let aps = userInfo["aps"] as? [String: AnyObject] {
            handleNotification(aps: aps)
        }
    }
}

extension AppDelegate {
    @discardableResult func handleNotification(aps: [String:Any]) -> Bool {

        guard let alert = aps["alert"] as? String else { //get the "alert" field
            return false
        }
        self.notificationManager.currentNotificationText = alert
        return true
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    @ObservedObject var notificationManager : NotificationManager
    
    var body: some View {
        VStack{
            Text("Welcome")
                .font(.title)
                .bold()
                .multilineTextAlignment(.center)
                .foregroundColor(.secondary)
                .shadow(radius: 8 )
        }
        .navigationTitle("My Mobile App")
        .overlay(NavigationLink(destination: MyView(text: notificationManager.currentNotificationText ?? ""), isActive: notificationManager.navigationBindingActive, label: {
            EmptyView()
        }))
    }
}

struct MyView: View {
    var text : String
    
    var body: some View {
        Text(text)
    }
}

（我不得不用你问题中的原始代码修复一些 typos/compilation 错误，所以确保如果你使用它，你直接复制和粘贴以获得正确的方法签名等）

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