如何在 JUnit 测试中应用主文件中的方法？

Question

我们的作业说我们应该“为一个名为 sumArray 的函数编写源代码和测试代码，该函数接受一个整数数组和 return 数组中所有元素的总和”。

我想我已经 SumArray.java 到 return sum 好的，但是我正在努力将我的方法应用于测试输入。有什么帮助吗？ TIA.

SumArray.java

 package sumarray;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class SumArray {
 
     private static int n, sum = 0;
 
     public static int sumArray() {
         Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
         System.out.print("Enter no. of elements you want in array:");
         n = s.nextInt();
         int a[] = new int[n];
         System.out.println("Enter the elements. (Press [return] after each one)");
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             a[i] = s.nextInt();
             sum = sum + a[i];
         }
         System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);
         return sum;
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         sumArray();
     }
 }

SumArrayTest.java

 package sumarray;
 
 import org.junit.Test;
 import static org.junit.Assert.*;
 
 public class SumArrayTest {
 
     public SumArrayTest() {
     }
 
     /**
      * Test of main method, of class SumArray.
      */
     @Test
     public void testMain() {
         System.out.println("main");
         String[] args = null;
         SumArray.main(args);
         int[] intArray = new int[]{2, 3, 4};
         int expectedResult = 9;
 //        int testResult = sumArray({2, 3, 4});
         int testResult = SumArray sumArray(intArray);
         assertEquals(expectedResult, testResult);
 //        fail("The test case is a prototype.");
     }
 }

编辑：我已经尝试通过一些更改来实现到目前为止所建议的内容；真的不确定这是对的；很多都是猜测TBH。

 package sumarray;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class SumArray {
 
     private static int n, sum = 0;
 
     public static int sumArray;
 
     public static int sumArray(int[] arr) {
         return sum;
     }
 
     public static SumArray input() {
         Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
         System.out.print("Enter no. of elements you want in array:");
         n = s.nextInt();
         int a[] = new int[n];
         System.out.println("Enter the elements. (Press [return] after each one)");
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             a[i] = s.nextInt();
             sum = sum + a[i];
         }
         System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);
         return new SumArray();
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         SumArray result = input();
         System.out.println(result.sumArray(SumArray));
     }
 }

 package sumarray;
 
 import org.junit.Test;
 import static org.junit.Assert.*;
 
 public class SumArrayTest {
 
     public SumArrayTest() {
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testSumArray() {
         System.out.println("main");
         String[] args = null;
         int[] intArray = new int[]{2, 3, 4};
         int expectedResult = 9;
         assertEquals(expectedResult, SumArray.sumArray(intArray)); 
 //        fail("The test case is a prototype.");
     }
 }

我目前看到的唯一错误是 'cannot find symbol' for SumArray in main。

Answer 1

main() 方法是应用程序的入口点，您不应测试 main() 方法。相反，您应该测试 sumArray() 方法并比较预期的 Vs。方法的实际返回值。

附带说明一下，您最好将输入数组作为参数传递给 sumArray() 方法，而不是从方法主体中的 System.in 读取它。所以你的方法签名可以是这样的：

public static int sumArray(int[] arr)。使用此方法的客户端代码（这是您的案例（或单元测试）中的主要方法）可以传递数组，而无需打扰该输入数组的获取方式。

Answer 2

 package sumarray;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class SumArray {
 
     private static int n, sum = 0;
 
     public static int sumArray() {
         Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
         System.out.print("Enter no. of elements you want in array:");
         n = s.nextInt();
         int a[] = new int[n];
         System.out.println("Enter the elements. (Press [return] after each one)");
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             a[i] = s.nextInt();
             sum = sum + a[i];
         }
         System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);
         return sum;
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         sumArray();
     }
 }

以上是您贴出的原代码。现在，你说你得到了正确的输出。是的，你这样做：

 package sumarray;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class SumArray {
 
     private static int n, sum = 0;
 
     public static int sumArray() {
         Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
         System.out.print("Enter no. of elements you want in array:");
         n = s.nextInt();
         int a[] = new int[n];
         System.out.println("Enter the elements. (Press [return] after each one)");
         for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
             a[i] = s.nextInt();
             sum = sum + a[i];
         }
         System.out.println("Sum:" + sum);
         return sum;
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         sumArray(); // this one will return the correct answer
         sumArray(); // this one will not
     }
   }

第二个会return错误的数据，因为你没有重新设置sum的值。

你应该拆分任务：sumArray 应该接收一个数组，并且应该 return 元素的总和。要么你应该更改方法的名称，要么更改实现，这是 Mahmoud 告诉你的。

 package sumarray;
 
 import java.util.Scanner;
 
 public class SumArray {
     private static Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); // create this on class level, not every execution of your method
     
     public static int[] buildArray(int elements) {
        int[] arr = new int[elements];
        for ( int i = 0; i < elements; i++ ) {
            System.out.println("Enter element nr: " + (i+1));
            arr[i] = scan.nextInt();
        }
        return arr;
     }
     
     public static int sumArray(int[] input) {
        int sum = 0; // don't use a class level one. especially not a static one, it's value could be altered by another thread
        for ( int in : input ) { // iterate over the array and add the values
          sum += in; // this should be in -> each iteration we add the value of in (the element of the array) to sum
        }
        return sum;         
     }

 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         System.out.println("Provide the size of the array: ");
         int param = scan.nextInt();
         int[] array = buildArray(param);
         int result = sumArray(array);
         System.out.println("The sum of the array is: " + result);
     }
   }

这种方法会让您遇到的问题要小得多。它也没有在您的 class 中可能导致错误结果的静态变量，例如 n 和 sum。

如何在 JUnit 测试中应用主文件中的方法？

How to apply a method from my main file in my JUnit test?

java

junit

junit4