如何使用自动绘图（动物园对象）添加辅助 y 轴
How to add a secondary y-axis using autoplot (zoo object)
我在尝试向绘图添加辅助 y 轴时遇到问题。事情是这样的，我有 6 个时间序列。在这两种情况下，y 尺度都是百分比。但我想在我的绘图左侧获得主要 y 轴，范围比例从 0% 到 0.80% ，在右侧（次要 y 轴）范围比例从 0% 到 2.4% （仅一个系列"percentISRA").
这是我的数据
structure(c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.000113454034966788,
0.000193020234641067, 0.00028445645011757, 0.00038617294713707,
0.000487915939727557, 0.000589658932318044, 0.000729396573704041,
0.00074661869484566, 0.00149766215004617, 0.0015524549908475,
0.00151377145720633, 0.00147508792356515, 0.00143640438992398,
0.0013901166274095, 0.00153218587904237, 0.000772955292406844,
0.000700092472192302, 0.000684168634029051, 0.000668244795865801,
0.000652294462131563, 0.000601581939262242, 0.000411502713000743,
0.000395181441272686, 0.0003967976711029, 0.00041876249945121,
0.000440727327799521, 0.000462692156147832, 0.000504634645020421,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.000236727931586416, 0.000377435080193467,
0.000481619718431735, 0.000474768763872362, 0.000438198511659961,
0.00046717781073689, 0.000443473985379896, 0.000493018083595849,
0.000507877732422363, 0.000508713214685701, 0.000543696050597761,
0.000604196901924348, 0.000613136562142067, 0.000626778793956288,
0.0006552209972925, 0.000705958641598936, 0.000774468187192666,
0.000845961598012603, 0.000919316940733693, 0.000931503046317525,
0.000951685910707594, 0.000978421343134416, 0.00101577933576654,
0.00107464502894916, 0.00106674375383016, 0.00108178243457025,
0.00111024850882827, 0.00113987232279406, 0.00116272873042681,
0.00115339519999924, 0.00109404015291951, 0.00109634369687414,
0.00107495535093269, 0.00106611117440221, 0.00106180247301556,
0.0011068588379313, 0.00116445937225801, 0.00121747668959727,
0.00128044818133116, 0.00131713778815261, 0.00134916062976027,
0.00134125935464127, 0.00127428948350427, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.0000160762588918086, 0.0000157123929498129,
0.0000361881218675691, 0.000131454841226435, 0.000141659626963313,
0.000224141420269331, 0.000275049573426725, 0.00043415822624483,
0.000619531384330623, 0.000762249530397923, 0.000919208066286054,
0.00111791194933769, 0.00123200046151433, 0.00129134368878162,
0.00132012217692128, 0.00132384353314624, 0.00138947171759345,
0.00139053023669744, 0.00137341199806265, 0.00131989062586728,
0.00126269751552996, 0.00117098675878606, 0.00105474812967944,
0.000904570731801228, 0.000768203700357852, 0.000621086084264604,
0.000559956606009332, 0.000554118211576402, 0.000616868547209654,
0.000729336202008315, 0.000825677979832168, 0.000962838900603534,
0.00112948950203755, 0.00124946602673012, 0.0013096527614084,
0.00134699863854596, 0.00136249601980278, 0.00142564330010002,
0.00145018771182373, 0.00146029326139461, 0.00142476671396703,
0.00137880382974858, 0.00132974808502317, 0.00126729545788791,
0.00123551240400009, 0.00115785280276624, 0.00108017847095552,
0.00100251886972166, 0.000924844537910937, 0.00084718493667708,
0.000769510604866358, 0.000691851003632501, 0.000711840396438712,
0.000731829789244923, 0.000751819182051134, 0.000771808574857345,
0.000791797967663556, 0.000811787360469766, 0.000831791483852842,
0.0010979730078088, 0.00136416926234162, 0.00163035078629757,
0.00189654704083039, 0.00216272856478634, 0.00242892481931916,
0.00269510634327512, 0.00265909008283946, 0.00274488096250296,
0.00296737159547644, 0.00325984719913695, 0.00356562451370683,
0.00377064468251806, 0.00386536229176194, 0.00395542503871637,
0.00421468319154564, 0.00437931211859222, 0.00457010255015157,
0.00488956457062932, 0.00533699111233591, 0.00532246676354672,
0.00547625398602045, 0.00540439823207152, 0.00529452285923325,
0.00530203545343455, 0.00532279083623776, 0.00556689122547263,
0.00577970386944561, 0.0059295580278963, 0.00606456376486676,
0.00639558928818376, 0.00653953648531146, 0.00655699221889684,
0.00643590687706409, 0.00634680161760589, 0.00635385756392437,
NA, NA, 0.00017495026255787, 0.000384987857816134, 0.000454999382527596,
0.000577037681514372, 0.000650260660906437, 0.000699075980501147,
0.000638602143867448, 0.000653006862510075, 0.000712033580806984,
0.000771060299103892, 0.000842216829764506, 0.000913373360425121,
0.000984529891085735, 0.00101796466902574, 0.00105140246808963,
0.00102528485217824, 0.00108424208462599, 0.00114274916961616,
0.00126866961278409, 0.00139353266259529, 0.00165145507129434,
0.00190937747999338, 0.00193812347367724, 0.0021457169797195,
0.00225702726782121, 0.00241299278793985, 0.00245215561674949,
0.00249131542443526, 0.00253047825324491, 0.00275373326546238,
0.00269606001066209, 0.00276104136411936, 0.00294722718637353,
0.00319449711228442, 0.00339025083385511, 0.00340254378690815,
0.00338081284286527, 0.00350767587668264, 0.00373208495822089,
0.00378793043307596, 0.0039015277119521, 0.00400283505889909,
0.00409498537937674, 0.00398782611548119, 0.00398167812839273,
0.0038886305341238, 0.00385605375536468, 0.00408285858813691,
0.00435371442815078, 0.00440014305988314, 0.00449945948619559,
0.000156668463203005, 0.000343451492438752, 0.00054567679204072,
0.000742148669581035, 0.000905468858662011, 0.000890497128390052,
0.000861751406267889, 0.00115536842508712, 0.00148658587507507,
0.00182199540953917, 0.00209217097638973, 0.00234893615055384,
0.00244819872225693, 0.00256664649689423, 0.00270265397232193,
0.00275109821384477, 0.00265600633843173, 0.0025053051791514,
0.00237361811731647, 0.00235755558955327, 0.00227499719119646,
0.00195404607053785, 0.0016190001352375, 0.00142287046867483,
0.00144043016946523, 0.00146949671437893, 0.00147024530089253,
0.00150311894293253, 0.00183354503003468, 0.00228594794248109,
0.00274102437819036, 0.00307998435154752, 0.00341115902516327,
0.00354085698569064, 0.003657443988137, 0.00383171492850261,
0.00392481770260809, 0.0039073007781899, 0.00385519915684348,
0.0037850245182402, 0.00376260969920446, 0.00371316021293479,
0.00348075618274177, 0.00317208188090617, 0.00286075544399383,
0.00257577925236013, 0.00232910930203654, 0.0022111320674935,
0.00210592358005383, 0.00206524325008631, 0.00208237518715465,
0.00217485770386315), .Dim = c(52L, 6L), .Dimnames = list(NULL,
c("percentCanada", "percentGer", "percentIta", "percentUK",
"percentUS", "percentISRA")), index = structure(c(18616,
18617, 18618, 18619, 18620, 18621, 18622, 18623, 18624, 18625,
18626, 18627, 18628, 18629, 18630, 18631, 18632, 18633, 18634,
18635, 18636, 18637, 18638, 18639, 18640, 18641, 18642, 18643,
18644, 18645, 18646, 18647, 18648, 18649, 18650, 18651, 18652,
18653, 18654, 18655, 18656, 18657, 18658, 18659, 18660, 18661,
18662, 18663, 18664, 18665, 18666, 18667), class = c("IDate",
"Date")), class = "zoo")
这是我的代码：
filledstarter <- na.fill(z, list(NA, "extend", NA))
autoplot.zoo(filledstarter, facets = NULL) + theme_classic()+ scale_y_continuous(labels = function(x) paste0(x*100), limits=c(0,0.024), expand = c(0, 0),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . /2))
这是我的输出：
这是我的这是我想要的输出：
正如您在此处看到的那样，比例是正确的。以色列在图的右侧有一个辅助轴。有没有办法使用自动绘图做类似的事情？先感谢您。
这是我为您所做的。需要理解的一些原理：
- ggplot 中的第二个 Y 轴只是一个参考 - 图上的任何绘图都基于它对主 Y 轴的值。
- 要参考第 2 Y 轴，我们需要根据第 2 Y 轴和主 Y 轴之间的差异调整它的值。在您的情况下，第二个 Y 轴比主 Y 轴大 3 倍，因此任何引用第二个 Y 轴的东西都需要除以 3。
希望这个解释足够清楚。如果需要更多指导，欢迎评论或留言问我。
library(scales)
library(zoo)
library(ggplot2)
# convert percentISRA to 3 times lower than its actual values.
data[, "percentISRA"] <- data[, "percentISRA"] / 3
# Draw the plot
autoplot.zoo(data, facets = NULL) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = percent, expand = c(0, 0),
# Here the 2nd Y-Axis trans formula is main axis times 3.
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . * 3, labels = percent)) +
# I used coord_cartesian for setting the limits of main axis to between 0 - 0.8%
coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 0.008)) +
# Added the X-Axis label format just to ensure it consistent in different system
scale_x_date(date_labels = "%m/%Y") +
theme_classic()
这是情节输出
最后一点：这张图真的很容易混淆一切都是线，它们是相同的单位。第二个 Y 轴只有在您在一个图上绘制两个不同的东西时才最有效。虽然总体上第二个 Y 轴在很多情况下并不是很好的做法。
我在尝试向绘图添加辅助 y 轴时遇到问题。事情是这样的，我有 6 个时间序列。在这两种情况下，y 尺度都是百分比。但我想在我的绘图左侧获得主要 y 轴，范围比例从 0% 到 0.80% ，在右侧（次要 y 轴）范围比例从 0% 到 2.4% （仅一个系列"percentISRA").
这是我的数据
structure(c(NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.000113454034966788,
0.000193020234641067, 0.00028445645011757, 0.00038617294713707,
0.000487915939727557, 0.000589658932318044, 0.000729396573704041,
0.00074661869484566, 0.00149766215004617, 0.0015524549908475,
0.00151377145720633, 0.00147508792356515, 0.00143640438992398,
0.0013901166274095, 0.00153218587904237, 0.000772955292406844,
0.000700092472192302, 0.000684168634029051, 0.000668244795865801,
0.000652294462131563, 0.000601581939262242, 0.000411502713000743,
0.000395181441272686, 0.0003967976711029, 0.00041876249945121,
0.000440727327799521, 0.000462692156147832, 0.000504634645020421,
NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.000236727931586416, 0.000377435080193467,
0.000481619718431735, 0.000474768763872362, 0.000438198511659961,
0.00046717781073689, 0.000443473985379896, 0.000493018083595849,
0.000507877732422363, 0.000508713214685701, 0.000543696050597761,
0.000604196901924348, 0.000613136562142067, 0.000626778793956288,
0.0006552209972925, 0.000705958641598936, 0.000774468187192666,
0.000845961598012603, 0.000919316940733693, 0.000931503046317525,
0.000951685910707594, 0.000978421343134416, 0.00101577933576654,
0.00107464502894916, 0.00106674375383016, 0.00108178243457025,
0.00111024850882827, 0.00113987232279406, 0.00116272873042681,
0.00115339519999924, 0.00109404015291951, 0.00109634369687414,
0.00107495535093269, 0.00106611117440221, 0.00106180247301556,
0.0011068588379313, 0.00116445937225801, 0.00121747668959727,
0.00128044818133116, 0.00131713778815261, 0.00134916062976027,
0.00134125935464127, 0.00127428948350427, NA, NA, NA, NA, NA,
NA, NA, NA, NA, 0.0000160762588918086, 0.0000157123929498129,
0.0000361881218675691, 0.000131454841226435, 0.000141659626963313,
0.000224141420269331, 0.000275049573426725, 0.00043415822624483,
0.000619531384330623, 0.000762249530397923, 0.000919208066286054,
0.00111791194933769, 0.00123200046151433, 0.00129134368878162,
0.00132012217692128, 0.00132384353314624, 0.00138947171759345,
0.00139053023669744, 0.00137341199806265, 0.00131989062586728,
0.00126269751552996, 0.00117098675878606, 0.00105474812967944,
0.000904570731801228, 0.000768203700357852, 0.000621086084264604,
0.000559956606009332, 0.000554118211576402, 0.000616868547209654,
0.000729336202008315, 0.000825677979832168, 0.000962838900603534,
0.00112948950203755, 0.00124946602673012, 0.0013096527614084,
0.00134699863854596, 0.00136249601980278, 0.00142564330010002,
0.00145018771182373, 0.00146029326139461, 0.00142476671396703,
0.00137880382974858, 0.00132974808502317, 0.00126729545788791,
0.00123551240400009, 0.00115785280276624, 0.00108017847095552,
0.00100251886972166, 0.000924844537910937, 0.00084718493667708,
0.000769510604866358, 0.000691851003632501, 0.000711840396438712,
0.000731829789244923, 0.000751819182051134, 0.000771808574857345,
0.000791797967663556, 0.000811787360469766, 0.000831791483852842,
0.0010979730078088, 0.00136416926234162, 0.00163035078629757,
0.00189654704083039, 0.00216272856478634, 0.00242892481931916,
0.00269510634327512, 0.00265909008283946, 0.00274488096250296,
0.00296737159547644, 0.00325984719913695, 0.00356562451370683,
0.00377064468251806, 0.00386536229176194, 0.00395542503871637,
0.00421468319154564, 0.00437931211859222, 0.00457010255015157,
0.00488956457062932, 0.00533699111233591, 0.00532246676354672,
0.00547625398602045, 0.00540439823207152, 0.00529452285923325,
0.00530203545343455, 0.00532279083623776, 0.00556689122547263,
0.00577970386944561, 0.0059295580278963, 0.00606456376486676,
0.00639558928818376, 0.00653953648531146, 0.00655699221889684,
0.00643590687706409, 0.00634680161760589, 0.00635385756392437,
NA, NA, 0.00017495026255787, 0.000384987857816134, 0.000454999382527596,
0.000577037681514372, 0.000650260660906437, 0.000699075980501147,
0.000638602143867448, 0.000653006862510075, 0.000712033580806984,
0.000771060299103892, 0.000842216829764506, 0.000913373360425121,
0.000984529891085735, 0.00101796466902574, 0.00105140246808963,
0.00102528485217824, 0.00108424208462599, 0.00114274916961616,
0.00126866961278409, 0.00139353266259529, 0.00165145507129434,
0.00190937747999338, 0.00193812347367724, 0.0021457169797195,
0.00225702726782121, 0.00241299278793985, 0.00245215561674949,
0.00249131542443526, 0.00253047825324491, 0.00275373326546238,
0.00269606001066209, 0.00276104136411936, 0.00294722718637353,
0.00319449711228442, 0.00339025083385511, 0.00340254378690815,
0.00338081284286527, 0.00350767587668264, 0.00373208495822089,
0.00378793043307596, 0.0039015277119521, 0.00400283505889909,
0.00409498537937674, 0.00398782611548119, 0.00398167812839273,
0.0038886305341238, 0.00385605375536468, 0.00408285858813691,
0.00435371442815078, 0.00440014305988314, 0.00449945948619559,
0.000156668463203005, 0.000343451492438752, 0.00054567679204072,
0.000742148669581035, 0.000905468858662011, 0.000890497128390052,
0.000861751406267889, 0.00115536842508712, 0.00148658587507507,
0.00182199540953917, 0.00209217097638973, 0.00234893615055384,
0.00244819872225693, 0.00256664649689423, 0.00270265397232193,
0.00275109821384477, 0.00265600633843173, 0.0025053051791514,
0.00237361811731647, 0.00235755558955327, 0.00227499719119646,
0.00195404607053785, 0.0016190001352375, 0.00142287046867483,
0.00144043016946523, 0.00146949671437893, 0.00147024530089253,
0.00150311894293253, 0.00183354503003468, 0.00228594794248109,
0.00274102437819036, 0.00307998435154752, 0.00341115902516327,
0.00354085698569064, 0.003657443988137, 0.00383171492850261,
0.00392481770260809, 0.0039073007781899, 0.00385519915684348,
0.0037850245182402, 0.00376260969920446, 0.00371316021293479,
0.00348075618274177, 0.00317208188090617, 0.00286075544399383,
0.00257577925236013, 0.00232910930203654, 0.0022111320674935,
0.00210592358005383, 0.00206524325008631, 0.00208237518715465,
0.00217485770386315), .Dim = c(52L, 6L), .Dimnames = list(NULL,
c("percentCanada", "percentGer", "percentIta", "percentUK",
"percentUS", "percentISRA")), index = structure(c(18616,
18617, 18618, 18619, 18620, 18621, 18622, 18623, 18624, 18625,
18626, 18627, 18628, 18629, 18630, 18631, 18632, 18633, 18634,
18635, 18636, 18637, 18638, 18639, 18640, 18641, 18642, 18643,
18644, 18645, 18646, 18647, 18648, 18649, 18650, 18651, 18652,
18653, 18654, 18655, 18656, 18657, 18658, 18659, 18660, 18661,
18662, 18663, 18664, 18665, 18666, 18667), class = c("IDate",
"Date")), class = "zoo")
这是我的代码：
filledstarter <- na.fill(z, list(NA, "extend", NA))
autoplot.zoo(filledstarter, facets = NULL) + theme_classic()+ scale_y_continuous(labels = function(x) paste0(x*100), limits=c(0,0.024), expand = c(0, 0),
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . /2))
这是我的输出：
这是我的这是我想要的输出：
正如您在此处看到的那样，比例是正确的。以色列在图的右侧有一个辅助轴。有没有办法使用自动绘图做类似的事情？先感谢您。
这是我为您所做的。需要理解的一些原理：
- ggplot 中的第二个 Y 轴只是一个参考 - 图上的任何绘图都基于它对主 Y 轴的值。
- 要参考第 2 Y 轴，我们需要根据第 2 Y 轴和主 Y 轴之间的差异调整它的值。在您的情况下，第二个 Y 轴比主 Y 轴大 3 倍，因此任何引用第二个 Y 轴的东西都需要除以 3。
希望这个解释足够清楚。如果需要更多指导，欢迎评论或留言问我。
library(scales)
library(zoo)
library(ggplot2)
# convert percentISRA to 3 times lower than its actual values.
data[, "percentISRA"] <- data[, "percentISRA"] / 3
# Draw the plot
autoplot.zoo(data, facets = NULL) +
scale_y_continuous(labels = percent, expand = c(0, 0),
# Here the 2nd Y-Axis trans formula is main axis times 3.
sec.axis = sec_axis(~ . * 3, labels = percent)) +
# I used coord_cartesian for setting the limits of main axis to between 0 - 0.8%
coord_cartesian(ylim = c(0, 0.008)) +
# Added the X-Axis label format just to ensure it consistent in different system
scale_x_date(date_labels = "%m/%Y") +
theme_classic()
这是情节输出
最后一点：这张图真的很容易混淆一切都是线，它们是相同的单位。第二个 Y 轴只有在您在一个图上绘制两个不同的东西时才最有效。虽然总体上第二个 Y 轴在很多情况下并不是很好的做法。