Python 请求连接到被阻止的服务器

Question

我想连接到一个被阻止的 URL，使用 python requests。

我使用了许多不同的代理服务器 none 对我有用。 https://free-proxy-list.net/

import requests

x = '46.21.153.16:3128'
http_proxy  = "http://"+x
https_proxy = "https://"+x

proxyDict = {
  "http": http_proxy,
  "https": https_proxy
}


a = requests.get('https://example.com', proxies=proxyDict)
print(a.status_code)

Traceback (most recent call last): File "t.py", line 14, in a = requests.get('https://my-url', proxies=proxyDict) File "/home/user/Documents/backend1/venv-livedx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 75, in get return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs) File "/home/user/Documents/livedx/backend1/venv-livedx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 60, in request return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs) File "/home/user/Documents/backend1/venv-livedx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 533, in request resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs) File "/home/user/Documents/backend1/venv-livedx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 646, in send r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs) File "/home/user/Documents/backend1/venv-livedx/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 510, in send raise ProxyError(e, request=request) requests.exceptions.ProxyError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='my-url', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /management (Caused by ProxyError('Cannot connect to proxy.', OSError('Tunnel connection failed: 403 Forbidden',)))

Answer 1

流行的网络防火墙将流行的用户代理视为机器人。

复制您的浏览器代理，然后根据要求尝试更改用户代理。我打赌请求使用它自己的默认用户代理或 python urllib。

示例：

a = requests.get('https://example.com', headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.152 Safari/537.36'})

Answer 2

尝试使用仅 HTTP 代理进行连接。所以尝试将您的代码更改为：

http_proxy  = "http://46.21.153.16:3128"
proxyDict = {
  "http": http_proxy,
  "https": http_proxy
}

免费代理可能不支持 ssl/tls 连接。

此外，由于您使用的是免费代理，请确保它没有过期。

此外，如果您尝试解析的 url 具有自签名证书 python 请求也可能会失败，因此您必须通过将验证参数设置为 False 来发出请求。

a = requests.get('https://example.com', proxies=proxyDict, verify=False).

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