使用 assert c++ 测试一个函数
test a function using assert c++
我想使用断言来测试gcd函数,但我不知道如何捕获异常(并防止程序崩溃)。
int gcd(int a, int b) {
if(a<0 || b<0) {
throw "Illegal argument";
}
if(a==0 || b==0)
return a+b;
while(a!=b) {
if(a>b) {
a = a - b;
}
else {
b = b - a;
}
}
return a;
}
void test_gcd() {
assert(gcd(16,24) == 8);
assert(gcd(0, 19) == 19);
try {
gcd(5, -15);
assert(false);
} catch (char* s) {
assert(true);
cout << "Illegal";
}
}
"I want to test the gcd function using assertions, but I don't know how to catch the exception (and prevent the program from crashing)."
如 reference documentation 所述 assert()
是一个实现定义的宏(强调我的):
#ifdef NDEBUG
#define assert(condition) ((void)0)
#else
#define assert(condition) /*implementation defined*/
#endif
If NDEBUG
is not defined, then assert
checks if its argument (which must have scalar type) compares equal to zero. If it does, assert outputs implementation-specific diagnostic information on the standard error output and calls std::abort
. The diagnostic information is required to include the text of expression, as well as the values of the standard macros __FILE__
, __LINE__
, and the standard variable __func__
.
因此assert()
不会抛出异常你可以捕捉到。要测试您的代码并正确使用异常,您应该有如下内容,其中 expect_true()
是打印消息的内容,如果参数计算结果为 false
而不是 abort()
您的程序:
int gcd(int a, int b) {
if(a<0 || b<0) {
throw std::invalid_argument("a and b must be negative values");
}
// ...
}
#define expect_true(arg) \
do { \
if(!(arg)) { \
std::cout << "Unexpected false at " \
<< __FILE__ << ", " << __LINE__ << ", " << __func__ << ": " \
<< #arg \
<< std::endl; } \
} while(false);
void test_gcd() {
expect_true(gcd(16,24) == 8);
expect_true(gcd(0, 19) == 19);
bool exceptionCaught = false;
try {
gcd(5, -15);
} catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex) {
cout << "Illegal as expected" << endl;
exceptionCaught = true;
}
expect_true(exceptionCaught);
}
这是一个 fully working version. And another sample 失败的测试用例。
此外,由于 assert()
将始终中止您的 test_gcd()
函数,因此进行单元测试有点乏味。我建议使用一个像样的单元测试框架,您可以在其中更好地控制测试期望和 运行 各种测试用例。例如。使用类似 Google Test 的东西(它将有 EXPECT_TRUE()
的实现)。
我想使用断言来测试gcd函数,但我不知道如何捕获异常(并防止程序崩溃)。
int gcd(int a, int b) {
if(a<0 || b<0) {
throw "Illegal argument";
}
if(a==0 || b==0)
return a+b;
while(a!=b) {
if(a>b) {
a = a - b;
}
else {
b = b - a;
}
}
return a;
}
void test_gcd() {
assert(gcd(16,24) == 8);
assert(gcd(0, 19) == 19);
try {
gcd(5, -15);
assert(false);
} catch (char* s) {
assert(true);
cout << "Illegal";
}
}
"I want to test the gcd function using assertions, but I don't know how to catch the exception (and prevent the program from crashing)."
如 reference documentation 所述 assert()
是一个实现定义的宏(强调我的):
#ifdef NDEBUG #define assert(condition) ((void)0) #else #define assert(condition) /*implementation defined*/ #endif
If
NDEBUG
is not defined, thenassert
checks if its argument (which must have scalar type) compares equal to zero. If it does, assert outputs implementation-specific diagnostic information on the standard error output and callsstd::abort
. The diagnostic information is required to include the text of expression, as well as the values of the standard macros__FILE__
,__LINE__
, and the standard variable__func__
.
因此assert()
不会抛出异常你可以捕捉到。要测试您的代码并正确使用异常,您应该有如下内容,其中 expect_true()
是打印消息的内容,如果参数计算结果为 false
而不是 abort()
您的程序:
int gcd(int a, int b) {
if(a<0 || b<0) {
throw std::invalid_argument("a and b must be negative values");
}
// ...
}
#define expect_true(arg) \
do { \
if(!(arg)) { \
std::cout << "Unexpected false at " \
<< __FILE__ << ", " << __LINE__ << ", " << __func__ << ": " \
<< #arg \
<< std::endl; } \
} while(false);
void test_gcd() {
expect_true(gcd(16,24) == 8);
expect_true(gcd(0, 19) == 19);
bool exceptionCaught = false;
try {
gcd(5, -15);
} catch (const std::invalid_argument& ex) {
cout << "Illegal as expected" << endl;
exceptionCaught = true;
}
expect_true(exceptionCaught);
}
这是一个 fully working version. And another sample 失败的测试用例。
此外,由于 assert()
将始终中止您的 test_gcd()
函数,因此进行单元测试有点乏味。我建议使用一个像样的单元测试框架,您可以在其中更好地控制测试期望和 运行 各种测试用例。例如。使用类似 Google Test 的东西(它将有 EXPECT_TRUE()
的实现)。