Hilt ViewModel 没有零参数构造函数

Hilt ViewModel has no zero argument constructor

Cannot create an instance of class com.comp.app.winners.WinnersViewModel
Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: java.lang.Class<com.comp.app.winners.WinnersViewModel> has no zero argument constructor

尝试使用 hilt 解析片段上的视图模型时出错

// Proj
ext.hilt_version = '2.32-alpha'
ext.lifecycle_version = "2.2.0"
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
classpath "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-gradle-plugin:$hilt_version"

// App
implementation "com.google.dagger:hilt-android:$hilt_version"
kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-android-compiler:$hilt_version"
kapt "com.google.dagger:hilt-compiler:$hilt_version"
implementation "androidx.hilt:hilt-lifecycle-viewmodel:1.0.0-alpha03"
kapt 'androidx.hilt:hilt-compiler:1.0.0-alpha03'
implementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-ktx:1.1.0"

@HiltAndroidApp
class MyApplication : Application()

@Module
@InstallIn(SingletonComponent::class)
class ApplicationModule {
    @Provides
    fun provideService(): MyService = MyServiceImpl()
}

@AndroidEntryPoint
class HomeActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    // Fragment is added here
    private fun openFragment(fragment: Fragment) =
        supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().apply {
            replace(R.id.container, fragment)
            addToBackStack(null)
            commit()
        }
}

@AndroidEntryPoint
class WinnersFragment: Fragment() {
    private val viewModel: WinnersViewModel by viewModels()
}

@HiltViewModel
class WinnersViewModel @Inject constructor(
    private val service: MyService
) : ViewModel()

片段还有什么要处理的吗? 我需要以某种方式提供 viewModel 吗?

注意:这是 crash/runtime-error,不是编译错误

您需要升级到 Fragment 1.2.0 或更高版本。

根据 Lifecycle 2.2.0 release notes,Hilt 在后台使用的新 ViewModelProvider API 仅在使用 Fragment 1.2.0 或更高版本时适用。使用旧版本的片段时,那些 API 未连接到片段,因此当您使用 by viewModels().

时,不会使用启用了 Hilt 的 ViewModel 工厂

您应该升级到 Fragment 1.2.5(Fragment 1.2.X 集的最新版本)或 Fragment 1.3.0,两者都包含必要的 API 挂钩以获取刀柄工作。

我的问题与我的 ViewModel 无关,而是与应用它的片段有关。

我的 ViewModel 看起来像

@HiltViewModel
class MyViewModel @Inject constructor(repository: MyRepository): ViewModel() {

这是正确的,但我仍然遇到异常Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: java.lang.Class<com.myapp.MyViewModel> has no zero argument constructor

但是,我错过了片段上的 AndroidEntryPoint 注释。将其添加回去解决了我的问题,即

@AndroidEntryPoint
class MyFragment: Fragment() {

    private val viewModel: MyViewModel by viewModels()

    ...
}

如果在使用 compose 时出现此错误,可能是因为您正在使用 NavHostNavHostController。根据official documentation:

If your @HiltViewModel annotated ViewModel is scoped to the navigation graph, use the hiltViewModel composable function that works with fragments or activities that are annotated with @AndroidEntryPoint.

hiltViewModel 是专用 Hilt + Compose Navigation 依赖项的一部分:

dependencies {
    // 1.0.0-beta01 at time of this writing.
    // official docs linked above appear to auto update the version
    implementation("androidx.hilt:hilt-navigation-compose:[version]")
}

以下是同一文档中提供的 hiltViewModel 调用的上下文示例:

// import androidx.hilt.navigation.compose.hiltViewModel

@Composable
fun MyApp() {
    NavHost(navController, startDestination = startRoute) {
        composable("example") { backStackEntry ->
            // Creates a ViewModel from the current BackStackEntry
            // Available in the androidx.hilt:hilt-navigation-compose artifact
            val exampleViewModel = hiltViewModel<ExampleViewModel>()
            ExampleScreen(exampleViewModel)
        }
        /* ... */
    }
}