Django 在服务器启动时尝试导入模块失败 ("doesn't look like a module path")
Django fails upon server startup trying to import module ("doesn't look like a module path")
我似乎在按照说明进行操作，但不知何故 Django 没有将 django_countries 视为应用程序。
错误：
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 18, 2021 - 23:56:01
Django version 3.1.4, using settings 'django_project.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 13, in import_string
module_path, class_name = dotted_path.rsplit('.', 1)
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
(WSGI stuff...)
settings.py:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django_countries',
'registration.apps.RegistrationConfig',
.....
项目树：
.
├── db.sqlite3
├── django_project
│ ├── asgi.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── manage.py
├── myapp
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── forms.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── static
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── readme.rst
├── registration
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── static
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── requirements.txt
├── static
│ └── project
├── templates
│ └── project.html
└── venv
├── bin
├── include
├── lib
├── lib64 -> lib
└── pyvenv.cfg
我是用pip安装的，使用virtualenv。我的虚拟机处于活动状态，我可以使用 pip list 检查它，以及使用与 运行 django (python manage.py runserver) 相同的解释器导入 django-countries。无论如何，在 django 模型中，我可以清楚地导入和使用 django-countries (pycharm)。
怎么了？
我觉得我真正应该做的是删除这个问题。但是一个人必须承认自己的愚蠢，所以....
显然我最初是这样做的，但从未注意到：
MIDDLEWARE = [
.... middlewares....
'django_countries', ]
我收到错误，所以认为这是一个 venv 问题并为这个项目重新安装了我的虚拟环境。然后我正确地将它添加到已安装的应用程序中，而不是中间件部分：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django_countries',
'registration.apps.RegistrationConfig',
.....
但是由于 Django 导入中间件的过程仍在尝试导入一些绝对不是中间件的东西并且导入的语法错误，因此它在启动时失败并显示完整堆栈跟踪：
xception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 15, in import_string
module_path, class_name = dotted_path.rsplit('.', 1)
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 45, in get_internal_wsgi_application
return import_string(app_path)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 19, in import_string
module = import_module(module_path)
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 790, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/django_project/wsgi.py", line 16, in <module>
application = get_wsgi_application()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application
return WSGIHandler()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 127, in __init__
self.load_middleware()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 40, in load_middleware
middleware = import_string(middleware_path)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 17, in import_string
raise ImportError("%s doesn't look like a module path" % dotted_path) from err
ImportError: django_countries doesn't look like a module path
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 954, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 892, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 138, in inner_run
handler = self.get_handler(*args, **options)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/runserver.py", line 27, in get_handler
handler = super().get_handler(*args, **options)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 65, in get_handler
return get_internal_wsgi_application()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 47, in get_internal_wsgi_application
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: WSGI application 'django_project.wsgi.application' could not be loaded; Error importing module.
我似乎在按照说明进行操作，但不知何故 Django 没有将 django_countries 视为应用程序。
错误：
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
February 18, 2021 - 23:56:01
Django version 3.1.4, using settings 'django_project.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 13, in import_string
module_path, class_name = dotted_path.rsplit('.', 1)
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
(WSGI stuff...)
settings.py:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django_countries',
'registration.apps.RegistrationConfig',
.....
项目树：
.
├── db.sqlite3
├── django_project
│ ├── asgi.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── manage.py
├── myapp
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── forms.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── static
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── readme.rst
├── registration
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── migrations
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── __pycache__
│ ├── static
│ ├── templates
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── requirements.txt
├── static
│ └── project
├── templates
│ └── project.html
└── venv
├── bin
├── include
├── lib
├── lib64 -> lib
└── pyvenv.cfg
我是用pip安装的，使用virtualenv。我的虚拟机处于活动状态，我可以使用 pip list 检查它，以及使用与 运行 django (python manage.py runserver) 相同的解释器导入 django-countries。无论如何，在 django 模型中，我可以清楚地导入和使用 django-countries (pycharm)。
怎么了？
我觉得我真正应该做的是删除这个问题。但是一个人必须承认自己的愚蠢，所以....
显然我最初是这样做的，但从未注意到：
MIDDLEWARE = [
.... middlewares....
'django_countries', ]
我收到错误，所以认为这是一个 venv 问题并为这个项目重新安装了我的虚拟环境。然后我正确地将它添加到已安装的应用程序中，而不是中间件部分：
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django_countries',
'registration.apps.RegistrationConfig',
.....
但是由于 Django 导入中间件的过程仍在尝试导入一些绝对不是中间件的东西并且导入的语法错误，因此它在启动时失败并显示完整堆栈跟踪：
xception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 15, in import_string
module_path, class_name = dotted_path.rsplit('.', 1)
ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 2, got 1)
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 45, in get_internal_wsgi_application
return import_string(app_path)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 19, in import_string
module = import_module(module_path)
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 680, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 790, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/django_project/wsgi.py", line 16, in <module>
application = get_wsgi_application()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 13, in get_wsgi_application
return WSGIHandler()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 127, in __init__
self.load_middleware()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 40, in load_middleware
middleware = import_string(middleware_path)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/module_loading.py", line 17, in import_string
raise ImportError("%s doesn't look like a module path" % dotted_path) from err
ImportError: django_countries doesn't look like a module path
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 954, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.9/threading.py", line 892, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 138, in inner_run
handler = self.get_handler(*args, **options)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/runserver.py", line 27, in get_handler
handler = super().get_handler(*args, **options)
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 65, in get_handler
return get_internal_wsgi_application()
File "/run/media/fv/hdd-1/PROJECTS/django-receipes/django_template/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/servers/basehttp.py", line 47, in get_internal_wsgi_application
raise ImproperlyConfigured(
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: WSGI application 'django_project.wsgi.application' could not be loaded; Error importing module.