Python - 基于 input() 数据类型执行不同的任务

Python - Performing different tasks based input() data-type

编辑: post 与 Asking the user for input until they give a valid response 不同,因为我没有根据响应的数据类型结束循环。字符串和整数都有效。只有当两个条目是 不同的 数据类型时,循环才应该回滚。

我正在尝试通过 input() 收集两个单词或两个整数。 如果两个值都是整数我想计算answer1**answer2.如果两个都是非整数我想连接字符串。最后,如果数据类型不匹配,我想将用户发送到开头以输入两个新值。

这是我的尝试。对于您即将看到的内容,我提前表示歉意。

## collect first value
print("Please type a word or an integer:")
answer1 = input()

## check for blanks
if answer1 == "":
    print("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
    answer1 = input()

## collect second value
print("Please type another word or integer:")
answer2 = input()

## check for blanks
if answer2 == "":
    print("Blank space detected. Please retry.")
    answer2 = input()

## define test for integer status
def containsInt(intTest):
    try: 
        int(intTest)
        return True
    except ValueError:
        pass

## check for matching data types and produce final value
if containsInt(answer1) == True:
    containsInt(answer2)
    if containsInt(answer2) == True:
        finalInt = (int(answer1))**(int(answer2))
        print("\n")
        print(finalInt)
    else:
        print("Sorry, the data types must match - both words or integers.")
        continue
else:
    containsInt(answer2)
    if containsInt(answer2) !=True:
        print("\n")
        print(answer1 + answer2)
    else:
        print("Sorry, the data types must match - both words or integers.")
        continue

我试着用“continue”让它回到开头,但它对我很生气。您可能会说我是一个完全的新手,这是我的第一个 post。请不要对我太过苛刻。 :(

continue 只适用于循环,即 forwhile。您正在尝试在循环之外使用 continue,这就是 Python 不喜欢它的原因。

您可以做的一件事是检查数据类型是否匹配,然后基于此做一些事情:

if type(answer1) == type(answer2):
    if isinstance(answer1, str):
        # do string stuff
    elif isinstance(answer1, int) or isinstance(answer1, float):
        # do calculations
    else:
        # types match but are not strings or numbers
else:
    # types don't match, react accordingly

默认情况下Python将输入视为strings,所以即使给输入一个数字,它也是string类型的。您可以通过多种方式解决这个问题,其中之一就是您尝试将输入转换为数字。在这种情况下,floatint 效果更好,否则你无法很好地处理小数。示例:

answer1 = input()
try:
    answer1 = float(answer)
except:
    pass

这样做的目的是尝试将默认的字符串输入转换为浮点数,如果这不起作用,则它会保留为字符串。

这应该有效:

while True:
    answer1 = input("Please type a word or an integer:")

    # check for blanks
    while answer1 == "":
        answer1 = input("Blank space detected. Please retry.")

    try:
        answer1 = int(answer1)
    except ValueError:
        pass

    answer2 = input("Please type another word or integer:")

    # check for blanks
    while answer2 == "":
        answer2 = input("Blank space detected. Please retry.")

    try:
        answer2 = int(answer2)
    except ValueError:
        pass

    if type(answer1) == type(answer2):
        if type(answer1) == str:
            print(answer1 + answer2)
            break
        elif type(answer1) == int:
            print(answer1**answer2)
            break
    else:
        print(f"Sorry, the data types of '{answer1}' and '{answer2}' do not match.")
        continue

请注意,如果您输入 1.5 之类的数字,它将被视为字符串。 所以输入 1.5a 将导致 1.5a