如何在 JavaFX 中设置布局以占据整个 window?

How to set a layout to ocupy the entire window in JavaFX?

这是我的 FXML 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.ListView?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Menu?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.MenuBar?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.MenuItem?>
<?import javafx.scene.image.ImageView?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>

<VBox prefHeight="Infinity" prefWidth="936.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/15.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
  <children>
    <MenuBar VBox.vgrow="NEVER">
      <menus>
        <Menu mnemonicParsing="false" text="File">
          <items>
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Add Files…" />
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Save As…" />
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Quit" />
          </items>
        </Menu>
        <Menu mnemonicParsing="false" text="Help">
          <items>
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="About This App" />
          </items>
        </Menu>
      </menus>
    </MenuBar>
      <HBox maxHeight="Infinity" maxWidth="Infinity" prefHeight="429.0" prefWidth="1048.0">
         <children>
            <StackPane prefHeight="Infinity" prefWidth="681.0">
               <children>
                  <ListView maxHeight="Infinity" maxWidth="Infinity" prefHeight="Infinity" prefWidth="690.0" />
                  <Button mnemonicParsing="false" text="Add Files...">
                     <font>
                        <Font size="15.0" />
                     </font>
                  </Button>
               </children>
            </StackPane>
            <VBox prefHeight="300.0" prefWidth="130.0">
               <children>
                  <ImageView accessibleRoleDescription="Preview" accessibleText="Preview" fitHeight="172.0" fitWidth="364.0" pickOnBounds="true" preserveRatio="true" />
                  <VBox prefHeight="78.0" prefWidth="48.0">
                     <children>
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" prefHeight="30.0" prefWidth="120.0" text="Move Down" />
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" prefHeight="30.0" prefWidth="120.0" text="Move Up" />
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" prefHeight="30.0" prefWidth="120.0" text="Remove" />
                     </children>
                  </VBox>
               </children>
            </VBox>
         </children>
      </HBox>
  </children>
</VBox>

当我调整 window 大小时,ListView 没有覆盖所有屏幕:

我希望它在调整大小时固定在屏幕底部。有什么属性可以为我做到这一点吗?我应该在哪个元素上应用它?如果我的FXML太长,用一个简单的来说明怎么做。

如果您对元素的宽度(和高度)进行硬编码,则不能指望布局窗格会调整它们的大小。删除 所有 硬编码的宽度和高度;唯一的例外是如果您有默认 maxWidthRegion.USE_PREF_SIZE 的元素(例如按钮),并且您希望它们能够增长;在这里你可以将 maxWidth 设置为 Infinity。然后配置您的布局窗格,以允许它们按照您实际需要的方式进行布局。

以下是我认为您正在尝试做的事情:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.ListView?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Menu?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.MenuBar?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.MenuItem?>
<?import javafx.scene.image.ImageView?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.text.Font?>

<VBox xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/15.0.1" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
  <children>
    <MenuBar VBox.vgrow="NEVER">
      <menus>
        <Menu mnemonicParsing="false" text="File">
          <items>
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Add Files…" />
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Save As…" />
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="Quit" />
          </items>
        </Menu>
        <Menu mnemonicParsing="false" text="Help">
          <items>
            <MenuItem mnemonicParsing="false" text="About This App" />
          </items>
        </Menu>
      </menus>
    </MenuBar>
      <HBox VBox.vgrow="ALWAYS">
         <children>
            <StackPane HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS">
               <children>
                  <ListView />
                  <Button mnemonicParsing="false" text="Add Files...">
                     <font>
                        <Font size="15.0" />
                     </font>
                  </Button>
               </children>
            </StackPane>
            <VBox HBox.hgrow="NEVER" fillWidth="false">
               <children>
                  <ImageView accessibleRoleDescription="Preview" accessibleText="Preview" fitHeight="172.0" fitWidth="364.0" pickOnBounds="true" preserveRatio="true" />
                  <VBox fillWidth="true">
                     <children>
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" text="Move Down" maxWidth="Infinity" />
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" text="Move Up"  maxWidth="Infinity" />
                        <Button mnemonicParsing="false" text="Remove"  maxWidth="Infinity" />
                     </children>
                  </VBox>
               </children>
            </VBox>
         </children>
      </HBox>
  </children>
</VBox>