pipenv 在虚拟环境中安装
pipenv install inside virtual environment
我了解使用 pipenv install 的标准方法是在虚拟环境外部 安装。但是，这似乎违背了pip install inside虚拟环境的老做法
有没有办法用 pipenv 在虚拟环境 (venv) 中安装软件包？
如果我 pip install 在 venv 中怎么办？除了不在 Pipfile 中注册安装外，还有什么区别？
pipenv 会知道我是否从外部pip install进入 venv 吗？
非常感谢您的帮助。
问题编号1
Is there a way to install packages inside the virtual environment (venv) with pipenv?
是的。有这样一种情况：你有一个 Pipfile 是从一个旧的虚拟环境生成的，就像这样：
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "*"
rich = "*"
pylint = "*"
bs4 = "*"
datedelta = "*"
gtts = "*"
keyboard = "*"
pyperclip = "*"
pytz = "*"
pyttsx3 = "*"
pydub = "*"
speechrecognition = "*"
scipy = "*"
pyowm = "*"
imageio = "*"
opencv-python = "*"
pyautogui = "*"
moviepy = "*"
selenium = "*"
pyppeteer = "*"
playwright = "*"
pdfplumber = "*"
pypdf2 = "*"
tqdm = "*"
ciphey = "*"
pytesseract = "*"
pyzbar = "*"
[dev-packages]
pytest = "*"
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
您拥有项目和 Pipfile，但是您在项目的根目录下创建了一个新的虚拟环境，并且 dont have 安装了所有 python 包。
您可以使用 Pipfile 中的 pipenv 安装依赖项：
# assuming in are in the project root
# and the venv is activated
pipenv install
这将只安装生产包。
同时安装所有软件包 + dev 个软件包：
pipenv install --dev
这将从 Pipfile
安装 all 个软件包
问题编号2
What if I pip install within the venv? Apart from not registering the install in Pipfile, what is the difference?
如果你有 venv 并且你有 pip install <package>，这将安装包及其依赖项（如果它们在 requirements.txt 中，如果不在 you have bad luck == you have to install them manually) 在 venv 中只是传统的方式。 pip 没有考虑 dependency conflicts.
这就是 pipenv 它进入游戏的原因。
它旨在管理依赖性冲突并通过软件包安装所有必需的依赖项
（非常重要）如果你使用 pip 安装，包及其依赖项将不会出现在 Pipfile 中，所有使用 pipenv 安装的都将出现在 [=16= 中] 和 Pipfile.lock.
pipfile 和 pipfile.lock
之间的差异
- pipfile 就像一个
pyproject.toml。它包含一个列表，其中包含用户（您，程序员）安装的所有软件包。这意味着包的依赖项，例如请求，将 not 出现在 pipfile 中，它们将出现在 pipfile.lock 中。例如 certifi 它是 requests 的依赖项，它不会出现在 pipfile 中，而是出现在 pipfile.lock 中。 pipfile 还包含您获取包的来源，它们可以是 locally、pypi 或 github
- pipfile.lock 包含有关包的元数据和一些哈希值。它还包含每个已安装的包和每个依赖项、每个生产包和每个开发包以及它们的哈希值。基本上它是一个
json 列表，其中包含您在项目 venv 中获得的所有内容
这个问题的结论：pipenv 更好用，更容易使用和管理你的项目部门。它的推荐。你可以做任何你想做的事，朋友。
问题 numero tres (3)
Will pipenv know if I pip installed inside venv from outside?
答案：No。你必须手动管理它。
假设 venv 是用 pipenv 激活和创建的，并且像 pytest 这样的包是用 pip install 而不是 pipenv install 安装的 => 那么它就是这个情况：
终端中的快速测试
# NOTE
# this is what happens if you install in an empty project
# pipenv creates a new venv and creates pipfile and pipfile.lock
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ pipenv install
Creating a virtualenv for this project...
Pipfile: ~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test/Pipfile
Using /usr/bin/python (3.10.1) to create virtualenv...
⠼ Creating virtual environment...created virtual environment
bla bla
✔ Successfully created virtual environment!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (e4eef2)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
To activate this project virtualenv, run pipenv shell.
Alternatively, run a command inside the virtualenv with pipenv run.
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ ls
# the great 2 files
Pipfile Pipfile.lock
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
# activating venv
❱ pipenv shell
Launching subshell in virtual environment...
. ~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/activate
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ . ~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/activate
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱
# now the venv is active, you can see this `test-dG72Jjk6`
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ which pip
# pip is from current venv
~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/pip
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
# installing pytest using pip instead of pipenv
❱ pip install pytest
Collecting pytest ...
bla bla
Successfully installed attrs-21.4.0 iniconfig-1.1.1 packaging-21.3 pluggy-1.0.0 py-1.11.0 pyparsing-3.0.6 pytest-6.2.5 toml-0.10.2
# see ? pytest and its dependencies. good
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
# as you can see the `Pipfile` its empty
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
# pytest should appear here <--------------------- ####
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
# and also pipfile.lock its empty
❱ cat Pipfile.lock
{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "fedbd2ab7afd84cf16f128af0619749267b62277b4cb6989ef16d4bef6e4eef2"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {
"python_version": "3.10"
},
"sources": [
{
"name": "pypi",
"url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
"verify_ssl": true
}
]
},
"default": {},
"develop": {}
}
现在，让我们用 pipenv install 安装一个包，比如 requests
❱ pipenv install requests
Installing requests...
Adding requests to Pipfile [packages]...
✔ Installation Succeeded
Pipfile.lock (e4eef2) out of date, updating to (a290a1)...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
✔ Success!
Updated Pipfile.lock (a290a1)!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (a290a1)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "*" # <---------------------------- ###
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
如您现在所见，requests 在这里，也在 pipfile.lock 中（我也无法打印，答案太长了），但是 pytest 不在这里而且不会。
直到我这样做：
❱ pip freeze
attrs==21.4.0
certifi==2021.10.8
charset-normalizer==2.0.10
idna==3.3
iniconfig==1.1.1
packaging==21.3
pluggy==1.0.0
py==1.11.0
pyparsing==3.0.6
pytest==6.2.5
requests==2.27.1
toml==0.10.2
urllib3==1.26.7
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ pip freeze > requirements.txt
# installing packages from requirements file
❱ pipenv install -r requirements.txt
Requirements file provided! Importing into Pipfile...
Pipfile.lock (a290a1) out of date, updating to (856742)...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
✔ Success!
Updated Pipfile.lock (856742)!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (856742)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "==2.27.1"
attrs = "==21.4.0"
certifi = "==2021.10.8"
charset-normalizer = "==2.0.10"
idna = "==3.3"
iniconfig = "==1.1.1"
pluggy = "==1.0.0"
py = "==1.11.0"
pyparsing = "==3.0.6"
pytest = "==6.2.5" # <----------------------------- ITS HERE :)
toml = "==0.10.2"
urllib3 = "==1.26.7"
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
如果您（不小心）使用 pip install
安装了软件包，那么这就是更新 pipfile 的方法
这个结论就是从头到尾用pipenv。它将管理一切。
就是这样。现在您可以开始编码了。
我了解使用 pipenv install 的标准方法是在虚拟环境外部 安装。但是，这似乎违背了pip install inside虚拟环境的老做法
有没有办法用
pipenv在虚拟环境 (venv) 中安装软件包？如果我
pip install在 venv 中怎么办？除了不在Pipfile中注册安装外，还有什么区别？pipenv会知道我是否从外部pip install进入 venv 吗？
非常感谢您的帮助。
问题编号1
Is there a way to install packages inside the virtual environment (venv) with pipenv?
是的。有这样一种情况：你有一个 Pipfile 是从一个旧的虚拟环境生成的，就像这样：
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "*"
rich = "*"
pylint = "*"
bs4 = "*"
datedelta = "*"
gtts = "*"
keyboard = "*"
pyperclip = "*"
pytz = "*"
pyttsx3 = "*"
pydub = "*"
speechrecognition = "*"
scipy = "*"
pyowm = "*"
imageio = "*"
opencv-python = "*"
pyautogui = "*"
moviepy = "*"
selenium = "*"
pyppeteer = "*"
playwright = "*"
pdfplumber = "*"
pypdf2 = "*"
tqdm = "*"
ciphey = "*"
pytesseract = "*"
pyzbar = "*"
[dev-packages]
pytest = "*"
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
您拥有项目和 Pipfile，但是您在项目的根目录下创建了一个新的虚拟环境，并且 dont have 安装了所有 python 包。
您可以使用 Pipfile 中的 pipenv 安装依赖项：
# assuming in are in the project root
# and the venv is activated
pipenv install
这将只安装生产包。
同时安装所有软件包 + dev 个软件包：
pipenv install --dev
这将从 Pipfile
all 个软件包
问题编号2
What if I pip install within the venv? Apart from not registering the install in Pipfile, what is the difference?
如果你有 venv 并且你有 pip install <package>，这将安装包及其依赖项（如果它们在 requirements.txt 中，如果不在 you have bad luck == you have to install them manually) 在 venv 中只是传统的方式。 pip 没有考虑 dependency conflicts.
这就是 pipenv 它进入游戏的原因。
它旨在管理依赖性冲突并通过软件包安装所有必需的依赖项
（非常重要）如果你使用 pip 安装，包及其依赖项将不会出现在 Pipfile 中，所有使用 pipenv 安装的都将出现在 [=16= 中] 和 Pipfile.lock.
pipfile 和 pipfile.lock
- pipfile 就像一个
pyproject.toml。它包含一个列表，其中包含用户（您，程序员）安装的所有软件包。这意味着包的依赖项，例如请求，将not出现在pipfile中，它们将出现在pipfile.lock中。例如certifi它是requests的依赖项，它不会出现在pipfile中，而是出现在pipfile.lock中。 pipfile 还包含您获取包的来源，它们可以是locally、pypi或github - pipfile.lock 包含有关包的元数据和一些哈希值。它还包含每个已安装的包和每个依赖项、每个生产包和每个开发包以及它们的哈希值。基本上它是一个
json列表，其中包含您在项目 venv 中获得的所有内容
这个问题的结论：pipenv 更好用，更容易使用和管理你的项目部门。它的推荐。你可以做任何你想做的事，朋友。
问题 numero tres (3)
Will pipenv know if I pip installed inside venv from outside?
答案：No。你必须手动管理它。
假设 venv 是用 pipenv 激活和创建的，并且像 pytest 这样的包是用 pip install 而不是 pipenv install 安装的 => 那么它就是这个情况：
终端中的快速测试
# NOTE
# this is what happens if you install in an empty project
# pipenv creates a new venv and creates pipfile and pipfile.lock
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ pipenv install
Creating a virtualenv for this project...
Pipfile: ~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test/Pipfile
Using /usr/bin/python (3.10.1) to create virtualenv...
⠼ Creating virtual environment...created virtual environment
bla bla
✔ Successfully created virtual environment!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (e4eef2)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
To activate this project virtualenv, run pipenv shell.
Alternatively, run a command inside the virtualenv with pipenv run.
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ ls
# the great 2 files
Pipfile Pipfile.lock
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
# activating venv
❱ pipenv shell
Launching subshell in virtual environment...
. ~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/activate
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ . ~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/activate
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱
# now the venv is active, you can see this `test-dG72Jjk6`
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ which pip
# pip is from current venv
~/.local/share/virtualenvs/test-dG72Jjk6/bin/pip
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
# installing pytest using pip instead of pipenv
❱ pip install pytest
Collecting pytest ...
bla bla
Successfully installed attrs-21.4.0 iniconfig-1.1.1 packaging-21.3 pluggy-1.0.0 py-1.11.0 pyparsing-3.0.6 pytest-6.2.5 toml-0.10.2
# see ? pytest and its dependencies. good
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
# as you can see the `Pipfile` its empty
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
# pytest should appear here <--------------------- ####
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
# and also pipfile.lock its empty
❱ cat Pipfile.lock
{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "fedbd2ab7afd84cf16f128af0619749267b62277b4cb6989ef16d4bef6e4eef2"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {
"python_version": "3.10"
},
"sources": [
{
"name": "pypi",
"url": "https://pypi.org/simple",
"verify_ssl": true
}
]
},
"default": {},
"develop": {}
}
现在，让我们用 pipenv install 安装一个包，比如 requests
❱ pipenv install requests
Installing requests...
Adding requests to Pipfile [packages]...
✔ Installation Succeeded
Pipfile.lock (e4eef2) out of date, updating to (a290a1)...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
✔ Success!
Updated Pipfile.lock (a290a1)!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (a290a1)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "*" # <---------------------------- ###
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
如您现在所见，requests 在这里，也在 pipfile.lock 中（我也无法打印，答案太长了），但是 pytest 不在这里而且不会。
直到我这样做：
❱ pip freeze
attrs==21.4.0
certifi==2021.10.8
charset-normalizer==2.0.10
idna==3.3
iniconfig==1.1.1
packaging==21.3
pluggy==1.0.0
py==1.11.0
pyparsing==3.0.6
pytest==6.2.5
requests==2.27.1
toml==0.10.2
urllib3==1.26.7
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ pip freeze > requirements.txt
# installing packages from requirements file
❱ pipenv install -r requirements.txt
Requirements file provided! Importing into Pipfile...
Pipfile.lock (a290a1) out of date, updating to (856742)...
Locking [dev-packages] dependencies...
Locking [packages] dependencies...
Building requirements...
Resolving dependencies...
✔ Success!
Updated Pipfile.lock (856742)!
Installing dependencies from Pipfile.lock (856742)...
▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉▉ 0/0 — 00:00:00
(test-dG72Jjk6)
[~/Alexzander__/programming/dev/python3/test]
❱ cat Pipfile
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
requests = "==2.27.1"
attrs = "==21.4.0"
certifi = "==2021.10.8"
charset-normalizer = "==2.0.10"
idna = "==3.3"
iniconfig = "==1.1.1"
pluggy = "==1.0.0"
py = "==1.11.0"
pyparsing = "==3.0.6"
pytest = "==6.2.5" # <----------------------------- ITS HERE :)
toml = "==0.10.2"
urllib3 = "==1.26.7"
[dev-packages]
[requires]
python_version = "3.10"
如果您（不小心）使用 pip install
pipfile 的方法
这个结论就是从头到尾用pipenv。它将管理一切。
就是这样。现在您可以开始编码了。