PYTHON ：制作一个包含 4 列的列表和 2 个包含 2 列的列表
PYTHON : Make a list of 4 columns with 2 lists of 2 columns
如果问题已经回答了，我真的很抱歉，我没有找到正确的主题...
我正在与 Pavlovia 和 Pyschopy 合作。
我希望我的参与者将鼠标光标保持在移动框（目标）内。
我正在记录数据，我想：
- 记录鼠标和目标的位置
- 计算每帧鼠标与目标中心的距离
- 计算鼠标开箱的频率
问题在第 1 步和第 2 步之间：
- 我可以在文件“Mouse.csv”中记录鼠标的位置（x 列和 y 列）
- 我可以在文件“Target.csv”中记录目标的位置（x 列和 y 列）
但我无法在 1 个文件中找到 4 列的位置（鼠标 x；鼠标 y；目标 x；目标 y）
我的问题与 :
非常相似
- Convert 2 lists into list of lists
- Write 2 lists in 2 columns of CSV file in python
但它无法正常工作
列表看起来像：
- 鼠标：[['x1'、'y1']、['x2'、'y2']、[...]]
- 目标：[['xA'、'yA']、['xB'、'yB']、[...]]
我想得到
[['x1', 'y1'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2'],['xB', 'yB'],[...]]
但是当我可以加入列表时，我只有类似的东西
[['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB'],[...]]:-(
########## FILE 2 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
data = MposList
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(mousefile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
header = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = header)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(data)
########## FILE 3 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#Tdata = TposArr
Tdata = TposList
del Tdata[0]
del Tdata[0]
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(targetfile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
Theader = ['target at x', 'target at y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Theader)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(Tdata)
########## FILE 4 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#dataF = []
#dataF.append(mouse.getPos()).append(target.pos)
dataF = pd.DataFrame({'mouse x':mouse.getPos[0], 'mouse y':mouse.getPos[1], 'target x':target.pos[0], 'target y':target.pos[1])
#print(dataF)
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
## opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
#file = open("combiner.csv", 'a+', newline ='') ;
## writing the data into the file
#with file:
# # identifying header
# Fheader = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y', 'target at x', 'target at y']
# writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Fheader)
# writer.writeheader()
# write = csv.writer(file)
# write.writerows(dataF)
dataF.to_csv(combiner.csv, index=False)
整个代码为
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
This experiment was created using PsychoPy3 Experiment Builder (v2020.2.10),
on February 03, 2021, at 21:08
If you publish work using this script the most relevant publication is:
Peirce J, Gray JR, Simpson S, MacAskill M, Höchenberger R, Sogo H, Kastman E, Lindeløv JK. (2019)
PsychoPy2: Experiments in behavior made easy Behav Res 51: 195.
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import, division
from psychopy import locale_setup
from psychopy import prefs
from psychopy import sound, gui, visual, core, data, event, logging, clock
from psychopy.constants import (NOT_STARTED, STARTED, PLAYING, PAUSED,
STOPPED, FINISHED, PRESSED, RELEASED, FOREVER)
import numpy as np # whole numpy lib is available, prepend 'np.'
from numpy import (sin, cos, tan, log, log10, pi, average,
sqrt, std, deg2rad, rad2deg, linspace, asarray)
from numpy.random import random, randint, normal, shuffle
import os # handy system and path functions
import sys # to get file system encoding
import pandas as pd
from psychopy.hardware import keyboard
# Importing library
import csv
# Ensure that relative paths start from the same directory as this script
_thisDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
os.chdir(_thisDir)
# Store info about the experiment session
psychopyVersion = '2020.2.10'
expName = 'mouseANDtarget' # from the Builder filename that created this script
expInfo = {'participant': 'sun', 'session': '01A'}
#dlg = gui.DlgFromDict(dictionary=expInfo, sortKeys=False, title=expName)
#if dlg.OK == False:
# core.quit() # user pressed cancel
expInfo['date'] = data.getDateStr() # add a simple timestamp
expInfo['expName'] = expName
expInfo['psychopyVersion'] = psychopyVersion
## Data file name stem = absolute path + name; later add .psyexp, .csv, .log, etc
##filename = _thisDir + os.sep + u'data/%s_%s_%s' % (expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])
filename = _thisDir + os.sep + u'data/%s_%s_%s' % (expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])
mousefilename = 'mousePosition_' + expInfo['participant'] + '_' + expInfo['session']+'_' + expInfo['date'];
mousefile = mousefilename + '.csv'
targetfilename ='targetPosition_' + expInfo['participant'] + '_' + expInfo['session'] +'_' + expInfo['date'];
targetfile = targetfilename + '.csv'
# An ExperimentHandler isn't essential but helps with data saving
thisExp = data.ExperimentHandler(name=expName, version='',
extraInfo=expInfo, runtimeInfo=None,
originPath='C:\Users\melis\Desktop\untitled.py',
savePickle=True, saveWideText=True,
dataFileName=filename)
# save a log file for detail verbose info
logFile = logging.LogFile(filename+'.log', level=logging.EXP)
logging.console.setLevel(logging.WARNING) # this outputs to the screen, not a file
endExpNow = False # flag for 'escape' or other condition => quit the exp
frameTolerance = 0.001 # how close to onset before 'same' frame
# Start Code - component code to be run after the window creation
# Setup the Window
win = visual.Window(
size=(3840, 2160), fullscr=True, screen=0,
winType='pyglet', allowGUI=False, allowStencil=False,
monitor='testMonitor', color=[0,0,0], colorSpace='rgb',
blendMode='avg', useFBO=True,
units='height') ################################################### size : 1024,769 // 3840,2160 & FullScreen=True
# store frame rate of monitor if we can measure it
expInfo['frameRate'] = win.getActualFrameRate()
if expInfo['frameRate'] != None:
frameDur = 1.0 / round(expInfo['frameRate'])
else:
frameDur = 1.0 / 60.0 # could not measure, so guess
# create a default keyboard (e.g. to check for escape)
defaultKeyboard = keyboard.Keyboard()
# Initialize components for Routine "trial"
trialClock = core.Clock()
mouse = event.Mouse(win=win)
x, y = [None, None]
mouse.mouseClock = core.Clock()
MposList=[]
text = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='text',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0), height=0.1, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='white', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-3.0);
currentMousePos = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='currentMousePos',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0.4), height=0.05, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='black', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-4.0);
TposList=[[],[]]
target = visual.Rect(
win=win, name='target',units='pix',
width=(800, 800)[0], height=(800, 800)[1],
ori=0, pos=(0, 0),
lineWidth=1, lineColor=[1,1,1], lineColorSpace='rgb',
fillColor=[1,1,1], fillColorSpace='rgb',
opacity=1, depth=0.0, interpolate=True)
currentTargetPos = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='currentTargetPos',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0.6), height=0.05, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='black', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-4.0);
# Create some handy timers
globalClock = core.Clock() # to track the time since experiment started
routineTimer = core.CountdownTimer() # to track time remaining of each (non-slip) routine
# ------Prepare to start Routine "trial"-------
continueRoutine = True
routineTimer.add(120.000000) ############################### default 10
# update component parameters for each repeat
# setup some python lists for storing info about the mouse
gotValidClick = False # until a click is received
sameCount = 0
sameThresh = 300
sameWarning = 200
thisCol = "green"
# keep track of which components have finished
trialComponents = [mouse, text, currentMousePos, target,currentTargetPos]
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
thisComponent.tStart = None
thisComponent.tStop = None
thisComponent.tStartRefresh = None
thisComponent.tStopRefresh = None
if hasattr(thisComponent, 'status'):
thisComponent.status = NOT_STARTED
# reset timers
t = 0
_timeToFirstFrame = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock="now")
trialClock.reset(-_timeToFirstFrame) # t0 is time of first possible flip
frameN = -1
# -------Run Routine "trial"-------
while continueRoutine and routineTimer.getTime() > 0:
# get current time
t = trialClock.getTime()
tThisFlip = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock=trialClock)
tThisFlipGlobal = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock=None)
frameN = frameN + 1 # number of completed frames (so 0 is the first frame)
# update/draw components on each frame
# *mouse* updates
if mouse.status == NOT_STARTED and t >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
mouse.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
mouse.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
mouse.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(mouse, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
mouse.status = STARTED
mouse.mouseClock.reset()
prevButtonState = mouse.getPressed() # if button is down already this ISN'T a new click
if mouse.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > mouse.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
mouse.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
mouse.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(mouse, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
mouse.status = FINISHED
if mouse.status == STARTED: # only update if started and not finished!
buttons = mouse.getPressed()
if buttons != prevButtonState: # button state changed?
prevButtonState = buttons
if sum(buttons) > 0: # state changed to a new click
# abort routine on response
continueRoutine = False
MposList.append(mouse.getPos())
print("mmmmoooouuuuuussssee ", mouse.getPos())
Mpos = np.array(MposList)
MposArr = Mpos.ravel()
print("MOUSE type ",type(MposArr)) ############ MposArr
print("MOUSE dimension ",MposArr.ndim) ######### MposArr
if len(MposList) > 2:
if MposList[-1][0] == MposList[-2][0]:
if MposList[-1][1] == MposList[-2][1]:
#print('same')
sameCount += 1
else:
thisCol = "green"
sameCount = 0
if sameCount >= sameWarning:
thisCol = "red"
if sameCount >= sameThresh:
continueRoutine = False
print(" mouse not moved for " + str(sameCount)+ " frames. Ending experiment")
# *text* updates
if text.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
text.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
text.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
text.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(text, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
text.setAutoDraw(True)
if text.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > text.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
text.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
text.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(text, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
text.setAutoDraw(False)
if text.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
text.setColor(thisCol, colorSpace='rgb')
text.setText("Mouse not moved for: " + str(sameCount) + " frames")
# *currentMousePos* updates
if currentMousePos.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
currentMousePos.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
currentMousePos.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
currentMousePos.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(currentMousePos, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentMousePos.setAutoDraw(True)
if currentMousePos.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > currentMousePos.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
currentMousePos.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
currentMousePos.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(currentMousePos, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentMousePos.setAutoDraw(False)
if currentMousePos.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
currentMousePos.setText("Current pos: " +str(mouse.getPos()))
# *target* updates
if target.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
target.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
target.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
target.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(target, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
target.setAutoDraw(True)
if target.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > target.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
target.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
target.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(target, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
target.setAutoDraw(False)
#TposList.append([target.pos[0],target.pos[1]])
TposList.append(target.pos)
#del TposList[0]
print('taaaaggggeeett', target.pos)
#print("target dimension ",TposList.ndim)
TposArr = np.array(TposList)
print("TARGET type ",type(TposArr))
print("TARGET dimension ",TposArr.ndim)
#print('0=',TposList[0],'et 1=', TposList[1],'et 2=',TposList[2])
# *currentTargetPos* updates
if currentTargetPos.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
currentTargetPos.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
currentTargetPos.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
currentTargetPos.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(currentTargetPos, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentTargetPos.setAutoDraw(True)
if currentTargetPos.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > currentTargetPos.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
currentTargetPos.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
currentTargetPos.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(currentTargetPos, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentTargetPos.setAutoDraw(False)
if currentTargetPos.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
Tpx = str(target.pos[0])
Tpy = str(target.pos[1])
targetPosition = 'Current target pos: x ='+Tpx+' et y = '+Tpy
currentTargetPos.setText(targetPosition)
################### count(mouse x) pour compter le nombre de ligne (pour la moyenne)
# check for quit (typically the Esc key)
if endExpNow or defaultKeyboard.getKeys(keyList=["escape"]):
core.quit()
# check if all components have finished
if not continueRoutine: # a component has requested a forced-end of Routine
break
continueRoutine = False # will revert to True if at least one component still running
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "status") and thisComponent.status != FINISHED:
continueRoutine = True
break # at least one component has not yet finished
# refresh the screen
if continueRoutine: # don't flip if this routine is over or we'll get a blank screen
win.flip()
# -------Ending Routine "trial"-------
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "setAutoDraw"):
thisComponent.setAutoDraw(False)
# store data for thisExp (ExperimentHandler)
###############################################################
x, y = mouse.getPos()
buttons = mouse.getPressed()
thisExp.addData('last x', x)
thisExp.addData('last y', y)
#thisExp.addData('mouse.leftButton', buttons[0])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.midButton', buttons[1])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.rightButton', buttons[2])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.started', mouse.tStart)
#thisExp.addData('mouse.stopped', mouse.tStop)
thisExp.addData('x', MposList)
thisExp.nextEntry()
print('MOUSE LIST', MposList)
print('MOUSE ARRAY', MposArr)
#print('last mouse position', MposList[-1][0], MposList[-1][1])
print('last mouse position', MposList [-1][0], MposList[-1][1])
print('TARGET LIST', TposList)
print('TARGET ARRAY', TposArr)
#thisExp.addData('text.started', text.tStartRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('text.stopped', text.tStopRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('currentMousePos.started', currentMousePos.tStartRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('currentMousePos.stopped', currentMousePos.tStopRefresh)
thisExp.addData('target.started', target.tStartRefresh)
thisExp.addData('target.stopped', target.tStopRefresh)
###################################################################################################
########## FILE 2 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
data = MposList
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(mousefile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
header = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = header)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(data)
########## FILE 3 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#Tdata = TposArr
Tdata = TposList
del Tdata[0]
del Tdata[0]
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(targetfile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
Theader = ['target at x', 'target at y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Theader)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(Tdata)
########## FILE 4 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#dataF = []
#dataF.append(mouse.getPos()).append(target.pos)
dataF = pd.DataFrame({'mouse x':mouse.getPos[0], 'mouse y':mouse.getPos[1], 'target x':target.pos[0], 'target y':target.pos[1])
#print(dataF)
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
## opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
#file = open("combiner.csv", 'a+', newline ='') ;
## writing the data into the file
#with file:
# # identifying header
# Fheader = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y', 'target at x', 'target at y']
# writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Fheader)
# writer.writeheader()
# write = csv.writer(file)
# write.writerows(dataF)
dataF.to_csv(combiner.csv, index=False)
# Flip one final time so any remaining win.callOnFlip()
# and win.timeOnFlip() tasks get executed before quitting
win.flip()
# these shouldn't be strictly necessary (should auto-save)
thisExp.saveAsWideText('filename'+'.csv', delim='auto')
thisExp.saveAsPickle(filename)
logging.flush()
# make sure everything is closed down
thisExp.abort() # or data files will save again on exit
win.close()
core.quit()
我想我不明白二维列表是如何工作的，但我已经阅读了很多课程和教程，但我没有诀窍:(
谢谢你
编辑：
这是我的结果：
[item for sublist in zip(Mouse, Target) for item in sublist]
所以，我想，我需要 [['x1', 'y1', 'xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2','xB', 'yB'],[...]]
编辑 2：
感谢 Akshay Sengal！
您可以使用 zip 执行此操作，然后将其展平以取回物品。您可以按元素压缩 2 个列表（将两个列表的相应元素一起添加到一个元组中。
Post，您可以使用 [item for sublist in list for item in sublist]，它可以让您 flatten 并将元组分解为相应的项目。
列出这个 -
Mouse = [['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2']]
Target = [['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB']]
[item for sublist in zip(Mouse, Target) for item in sublist]
[['x1', 'y1'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2'], ['xB', 'yB']]
编辑：
根据你更新的问题，你可以这样做 -
Mouse = [['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2']]
Target = [['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB']]
out = [i+j for i,j in zip(Mouse, Target)]
out
[['x1', 'y1', 'xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2', 'xB', 'yB']]
仅供那些想要测试我的代码的人使用，合并后的文件可与
i[0],i[1],j[0],j[1] 而不是 i+j
#data to be written row-wise in csv file
dataF = [[i[0],i[1],j[0],j[1],k,abs(i[0]-j[0]),abs(i[1]-j[1])] for i,j,k in zip(MposList,Tdata,mIOt)]
列表的 type/dimension 无法使用正常代码，我添加了 x 和 y
如果问题已经回答了，我真的很抱歉，我没有找到正确的主题... 我正在与 Pavlovia 和 Pyschopy 合作。
我希望我的参与者将鼠标光标保持在移动框（目标）内。 我正在记录数据，我想：
- 记录鼠标和目标的位置
- 计算每帧鼠标与目标中心的距离
- 计算鼠标开箱的频率
问题在第 1 步和第 2 步之间：
- 我可以在文件“Mouse.csv”中记录鼠标的位置（x 列和 y 列）
- 我可以在文件“Target.csv”中记录目标的位置（x 列和 y 列）
但我无法在 1 个文件中找到 4 列的位置（鼠标 x；鼠标 y；目标 x；目标 y）
我的问题与 :
非常相似- Convert 2 lists into list of lists
- Write 2 lists in 2 columns of CSV file in python
但它无法正常工作
列表看起来像：
- 鼠标：[['x1'、'y1']、['x2'、'y2']、[...]]
- 目标：[['xA'、'yA']、['xB'、'yB']、[...]]
我想得到 [['x1', 'y1'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2'],['xB', 'yB'],[...]]
但是当我可以加入列表时，我只有类似的东西 [['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB'],[...]]:-(
########## FILE 2 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
data = MposList
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(mousefile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
header = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = header)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(data)
########## FILE 3 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#Tdata = TposArr
Tdata = TposList
del Tdata[0]
del Tdata[0]
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(targetfile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
Theader = ['target at x', 'target at y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Theader)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(Tdata)
########## FILE 4 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#dataF = []
#dataF.append(mouse.getPos()).append(target.pos)
dataF = pd.DataFrame({'mouse x':mouse.getPos[0], 'mouse y':mouse.getPos[1], 'target x':target.pos[0], 'target y':target.pos[1])
#print(dataF)
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
## opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
#file = open("combiner.csv", 'a+', newline ='') ;
## writing the data into the file
#with file:
# # identifying header
# Fheader = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y', 'target at x', 'target at y']
# writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Fheader)
# writer.writeheader()
# write = csv.writer(file)
# write.writerows(dataF)
dataF.to_csv(combiner.csv, index=False)
整个代码为
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
This experiment was created using PsychoPy3 Experiment Builder (v2020.2.10),
on February 03, 2021, at 21:08
If you publish work using this script the most relevant publication is:
Peirce J, Gray JR, Simpson S, MacAskill M, Höchenberger R, Sogo H, Kastman E, Lindeløv JK. (2019)
PsychoPy2: Experiments in behavior made easy Behav Res 51: 195.
https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-01193-y
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import, division
from psychopy import locale_setup
from psychopy import prefs
from psychopy import sound, gui, visual, core, data, event, logging, clock
from psychopy.constants import (NOT_STARTED, STARTED, PLAYING, PAUSED,
STOPPED, FINISHED, PRESSED, RELEASED, FOREVER)
import numpy as np # whole numpy lib is available, prepend 'np.'
from numpy import (sin, cos, tan, log, log10, pi, average,
sqrt, std, deg2rad, rad2deg, linspace, asarray)
from numpy.random import random, randint, normal, shuffle
import os # handy system and path functions
import sys # to get file system encoding
import pandas as pd
from psychopy.hardware import keyboard
# Importing library
import csv
# Ensure that relative paths start from the same directory as this script
_thisDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
os.chdir(_thisDir)
# Store info about the experiment session
psychopyVersion = '2020.2.10'
expName = 'mouseANDtarget' # from the Builder filename that created this script
expInfo = {'participant': 'sun', 'session': '01A'}
#dlg = gui.DlgFromDict(dictionary=expInfo, sortKeys=False, title=expName)
#if dlg.OK == False:
# core.quit() # user pressed cancel
expInfo['date'] = data.getDateStr() # add a simple timestamp
expInfo['expName'] = expName
expInfo['psychopyVersion'] = psychopyVersion
## Data file name stem = absolute path + name; later add .psyexp, .csv, .log, etc
##filename = _thisDir + os.sep + u'data/%s_%s_%s' % (expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])
filename = _thisDir + os.sep + u'data/%s_%s_%s' % (expInfo['participant'], expName, expInfo['date'])
mousefilename = 'mousePosition_' + expInfo['participant'] + '_' + expInfo['session']+'_' + expInfo['date'];
mousefile = mousefilename + '.csv'
targetfilename ='targetPosition_' + expInfo['participant'] + '_' + expInfo['session'] +'_' + expInfo['date'];
targetfile = targetfilename + '.csv'
# An ExperimentHandler isn't essential but helps with data saving
thisExp = data.ExperimentHandler(name=expName, version='',
extraInfo=expInfo, runtimeInfo=None,
originPath='C:\Users\melis\Desktop\untitled.py',
savePickle=True, saveWideText=True,
dataFileName=filename)
# save a log file for detail verbose info
logFile = logging.LogFile(filename+'.log', level=logging.EXP)
logging.console.setLevel(logging.WARNING) # this outputs to the screen, not a file
endExpNow = False # flag for 'escape' or other condition => quit the exp
frameTolerance = 0.001 # how close to onset before 'same' frame
# Start Code - component code to be run after the window creation
# Setup the Window
win = visual.Window(
size=(3840, 2160), fullscr=True, screen=0,
winType='pyglet', allowGUI=False, allowStencil=False,
monitor='testMonitor', color=[0,0,0], colorSpace='rgb',
blendMode='avg', useFBO=True,
units='height') ################################################### size : 1024,769 // 3840,2160 & FullScreen=True
# store frame rate of monitor if we can measure it
expInfo['frameRate'] = win.getActualFrameRate()
if expInfo['frameRate'] != None:
frameDur = 1.0 / round(expInfo['frameRate'])
else:
frameDur = 1.0 / 60.0 # could not measure, so guess
# create a default keyboard (e.g. to check for escape)
defaultKeyboard = keyboard.Keyboard()
# Initialize components for Routine "trial"
trialClock = core.Clock()
mouse = event.Mouse(win=win)
x, y = [None, None]
mouse.mouseClock = core.Clock()
MposList=[]
text = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='text',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0), height=0.1, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='white', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-3.0);
currentMousePos = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='currentMousePos',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0.4), height=0.05, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='black', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-4.0);
TposList=[[],[]]
target = visual.Rect(
win=win, name='target',units='pix',
width=(800, 800)[0], height=(800, 800)[1],
ori=0, pos=(0, 0),
lineWidth=1, lineColor=[1,1,1], lineColorSpace='rgb',
fillColor=[1,1,1], fillColorSpace='rgb',
opacity=1, depth=0.0, interpolate=True)
currentTargetPos = visual.TextStim(win=win, name='currentTargetPos',
text='default text',
font='Arial',
pos=(0, 0.6), height=0.05, wrapWidth=None, ori=0,
color='black', colorSpace='rgb', opacity=1,
languageStyle='LTR',
depth=-4.0);
# Create some handy timers
globalClock = core.Clock() # to track the time since experiment started
routineTimer = core.CountdownTimer() # to track time remaining of each (non-slip) routine
# ------Prepare to start Routine "trial"-------
continueRoutine = True
routineTimer.add(120.000000) ############################### default 10
# update component parameters for each repeat
# setup some python lists for storing info about the mouse
gotValidClick = False # until a click is received
sameCount = 0
sameThresh = 300
sameWarning = 200
thisCol = "green"
# keep track of which components have finished
trialComponents = [mouse, text, currentMousePos, target,currentTargetPos]
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
thisComponent.tStart = None
thisComponent.tStop = None
thisComponent.tStartRefresh = None
thisComponent.tStopRefresh = None
if hasattr(thisComponent, 'status'):
thisComponent.status = NOT_STARTED
# reset timers
t = 0
_timeToFirstFrame = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock="now")
trialClock.reset(-_timeToFirstFrame) # t0 is time of first possible flip
frameN = -1
# -------Run Routine "trial"-------
while continueRoutine and routineTimer.getTime() > 0:
# get current time
t = trialClock.getTime()
tThisFlip = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock=trialClock)
tThisFlipGlobal = win.getFutureFlipTime(clock=None)
frameN = frameN + 1 # number of completed frames (so 0 is the first frame)
# update/draw components on each frame
# *mouse* updates
if mouse.status == NOT_STARTED and t >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
mouse.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
mouse.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
mouse.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(mouse, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
mouse.status = STARTED
mouse.mouseClock.reset()
prevButtonState = mouse.getPressed() # if button is down already this ISN'T a new click
if mouse.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > mouse.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
mouse.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
mouse.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(mouse, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
mouse.status = FINISHED
if mouse.status == STARTED: # only update if started and not finished!
buttons = mouse.getPressed()
if buttons != prevButtonState: # button state changed?
prevButtonState = buttons
if sum(buttons) > 0: # state changed to a new click
# abort routine on response
continueRoutine = False
MposList.append(mouse.getPos())
print("mmmmoooouuuuuussssee ", mouse.getPos())
Mpos = np.array(MposList)
MposArr = Mpos.ravel()
print("MOUSE type ",type(MposArr)) ############ MposArr
print("MOUSE dimension ",MposArr.ndim) ######### MposArr
if len(MposList) > 2:
if MposList[-1][0] == MposList[-2][0]:
if MposList[-1][1] == MposList[-2][1]:
#print('same')
sameCount += 1
else:
thisCol = "green"
sameCount = 0
if sameCount >= sameWarning:
thisCol = "red"
if sameCount >= sameThresh:
continueRoutine = False
print(" mouse not moved for " + str(sameCount)+ " frames. Ending experiment")
# *text* updates
if text.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
text.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
text.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
text.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(text, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
text.setAutoDraw(True)
if text.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > text.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
text.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
text.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(text, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
text.setAutoDraw(False)
if text.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
text.setColor(thisCol, colorSpace='rgb')
text.setText("Mouse not moved for: " + str(sameCount) + " frames")
# *currentMousePos* updates
if currentMousePos.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
currentMousePos.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
currentMousePos.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
currentMousePos.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(currentMousePos, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentMousePos.setAutoDraw(True)
if currentMousePos.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > currentMousePos.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
currentMousePos.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
currentMousePos.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(currentMousePos, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentMousePos.setAutoDraw(False)
if currentMousePos.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
currentMousePos.setText("Current pos: " +str(mouse.getPos()))
# *target* updates
if target.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
target.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
target.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
target.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(target, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
target.setAutoDraw(True)
if target.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > target.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
target.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
target.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(target, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
target.setAutoDraw(False)
#TposList.append([target.pos[0],target.pos[1]])
TposList.append(target.pos)
#del TposList[0]
print('taaaaggggeeett', target.pos)
#print("target dimension ",TposList.ndim)
TposArr = np.array(TposList)
print("TARGET type ",type(TposArr))
print("TARGET dimension ",TposArr.ndim)
#print('0=',TposList[0],'et 1=', TposList[1],'et 2=',TposList[2])
# *currentTargetPos* updates
if currentTargetPos.status == NOT_STARTED and tThisFlip >= 0.0-frameTolerance:
# keep track of start time/frame for later
currentTargetPos.frameNStart = frameN # exact frame index
currentTargetPos.tStart = t # local t and not account for scr refresh
currentTargetPos.tStartRefresh = tThisFlipGlobal # on global time
win.timeOnFlip(currentTargetPos, 'tStartRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentTargetPos.setAutoDraw(True)
if currentTargetPos.status == STARTED:
# is it time to stop? (based on global clock, using actual start)
if tThisFlipGlobal > currentTargetPos.tStartRefresh + 10-frameTolerance:
# keep track of stop time/frame for later
currentTargetPos.tStop = t # not accounting for scr refresh
currentTargetPos.frameNStop = frameN # exact frame index
win.timeOnFlip(currentTargetPos, 'tStopRefresh') # time at next scr refresh
currentTargetPos.setAutoDraw(False)
if currentTargetPos.status == STARTED: # only update if drawing
Tpx = str(target.pos[0])
Tpy = str(target.pos[1])
targetPosition = 'Current target pos: x ='+Tpx+' et y = '+Tpy
currentTargetPos.setText(targetPosition)
################### count(mouse x) pour compter le nombre de ligne (pour la moyenne)
# check for quit (typically the Esc key)
if endExpNow or defaultKeyboard.getKeys(keyList=["escape"]):
core.quit()
# check if all components have finished
if not continueRoutine: # a component has requested a forced-end of Routine
break
continueRoutine = False # will revert to True if at least one component still running
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "status") and thisComponent.status != FINISHED:
continueRoutine = True
break # at least one component has not yet finished
# refresh the screen
if continueRoutine: # don't flip if this routine is over or we'll get a blank screen
win.flip()
# -------Ending Routine "trial"-------
for thisComponent in trialComponents:
if hasattr(thisComponent, "setAutoDraw"):
thisComponent.setAutoDraw(False)
# store data for thisExp (ExperimentHandler)
###############################################################
x, y = mouse.getPos()
buttons = mouse.getPressed()
thisExp.addData('last x', x)
thisExp.addData('last y', y)
#thisExp.addData('mouse.leftButton', buttons[0])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.midButton', buttons[1])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.rightButton', buttons[2])
#thisExp.addData('mouse.started', mouse.tStart)
#thisExp.addData('mouse.stopped', mouse.tStop)
thisExp.addData('x', MposList)
thisExp.nextEntry()
print('MOUSE LIST', MposList)
print('MOUSE ARRAY', MposArr)
#print('last mouse position', MposList[-1][0], MposList[-1][1])
print('last mouse position', MposList [-1][0], MposList[-1][1])
print('TARGET LIST', TposList)
print('TARGET ARRAY', TposArr)
#thisExp.addData('text.started', text.tStartRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('text.stopped', text.tStopRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('currentMousePos.started', currentMousePos.tStartRefresh)
#thisExp.addData('currentMousePos.stopped', currentMousePos.tStopRefresh)
thisExp.addData('target.started', target.tStartRefresh)
thisExp.addData('target.stopped', target.tStopRefresh)
###################################################################################################
########## FILE 2 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
data = MposList
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(mousefile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
header = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = header)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(data)
########## FILE 3 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#Tdata = TposArr
Tdata = TposList
del Tdata[0]
del Tdata[0]
# opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
file = open(targetfile, 'a+', newline ='') ;
# writing the data into the file
with file:
# identifying header
Theader = ['target at x', 'target at y']
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Theader)
writer.writeheader()
write = csv.writer(file)
write.writerows(Tdata)
########## FILE 4 ###########
# data to be written row-wise in csv fil
#dataF = []
#dataF.append(mouse.getPos()).append(target.pos)
dataF = pd.DataFrame({'mouse x':mouse.getPos[0], 'mouse y':mouse.getPos[1], 'target x':target.pos[0], 'target y':target.pos[1])
#print(dataF)
#data = MposArr #######_csv.Error: iterable expected, not numpy.float64
## opening the csv file in 'a+' mode
#file = open("combiner.csv", 'a+', newline ='') ;
## writing the data into the file
#with file:
# # identifying header
# Fheader = ['Mouse at x', 'Mouse at Y', 'target at x', 'target at y']
# writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames = Fheader)
# writer.writeheader()
# write = csv.writer(file)
# write.writerows(dataF)
dataF.to_csv(combiner.csv, index=False)
# Flip one final time so any remaining win.callOnFlip()
# and win.timeOnFlip() tasks get executed before quitting
win.flip()
# these shouldn't be strictly necessary (should auto-save)
thisExp.saveAsWideText('filename'+'.csv', delim='auto')
thisExp.saveAsPickle(filename)
logging.flush()
# make sure everything is closed down
thisExp.abort() # or data files will save again on exit
win.close()
core.quit()
我想我不明白二维列表是如何工作的，但我已经阅读了很多课程和教程，但我没有诀窍:(
谢谢你
编辑：
这是我的结果：
[item for sublist in zip(Mouse, Target) for item in sublist]
所以，我想，我需要 [['x1', 'y1', 'xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2','xB', 'yB'],[...]]
编辑 2： 感谢 Akshay Sengal！
您可以使用 zip 执行此操作，然后将其展平以取回物品。您可以按元素压缩 2 个列表（将两个列表的相应元素一起添加到一个元组中。
Post，您可以使用 [item for sublist in list for item in sublist]，它可以让您 flatten 并将元组分解为相应的项目。
列出这个 -
Mouse = [['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2']]
Target = [['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB']]
[item for sublist in zip(Mouse, Target) for item in sublist]
[['x1', 'y1'], ['xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2'], ['xB', 'yB']]
编辑：
根据你更新的问题，你可以这样做 -
Mouse = [['x1', 'y1'], ['x2', 'y2']]
Target = [['xA', 'yA'], ['xB', 'yB']]
out = [i+j for i,j in zip(Mouse, Target)]
out
[['x1', 'y1', 'xA', 'yA'], ['x2', 'y2', 'xB', 'yB']]
仅供那些想要测试我的代码的人使用，合并后的文件可与 i[0],i[1],j[0],j[1] 而不是 i+j
#data to be written row-wise in csv file
dataF = [[i[0],i[1],j[0],j[1],k,abs(i[0]-j[0]),abs(i[1]-j[1])] for i,j,k in zip(MposList,Tdata,mIOt)]
列表的 type/dimension 无法使用正常代码，我添加了 x 和 y