从 API 端点获取数据到 google 工作表时，如何处理 Google Apps 脚本 6 分钟的执行时间限制？

Question

我必须从 API 到 google 工作表中获取数据，这些工作表应该绘制将近 1600 个条目。但是，执行在 6 分钟时停止，仅绘制了大约 1000 个条目。我在 Apps 脚本中的初始代码是：

function myFunction() {
  var spreadsheet=SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
  var sheet=spreadsheet.getActiveSheet();
  var nextPage=1;
  sheet.clear();


  var headerRow=["ID","NAME","SOURCE","STATUS","PRICING_MIN_PRICE","PRICING_MAX_PRICE","LOACTION_COUNTRY","LOACTION_LOCALITY","IMAGES_COUNT","VIDEOS_COUNT","FEATURES_COUNT"];
  sheet.appendRow(headerRow);
  sheet.getRange(
    spreadsheet.getCurrentCell().getRow(),
    1, 1, sheet.getMaxColumns()).activate();
  spreadsheet.getActiveRangeList().setFontWeight('bold');
  

  
  var curr;
  while(nextPage){
    curr=nextPage;
    var apiURL=`https://base.amberstudent.com/api/v0/inventories?p=${curr}&limit=10&sort_key=relevance&sort_order=desc&statuses=active`;
    var response=UrlFetchApp.fetch(apiURL);
    var json=response.getContentText();
    var dataPoints=JSON.parse(json);
    var resArray=dataPoints.data.result;
    for(var i=0;i<resArray.length;i++){
      var id=resArray[i].id!=null?resArray[i].id:"";
      var name=resArray[i].name!=null?resArray[i].name:"";
      var source=resArray[i].source!=null?resArray[i].source:"";
      var status=resArray[i].status!=null?resArray[i].status:"";
      var pricing_min_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.min_price:"";
      var pricing_max_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.max_price:"";
      var location_country=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.country)?resArray[i].location.country.long_name:"";
      var location_locality=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.locality)?resArray[i].location.locality.long_name:"";
      var images_count=resArray[i].images.length;
      var vid_count=resArray[i].videos.length;
      var feature_count=resArray[i].features.length;
      var row=[id,name,source,status,pricing_min_price,pricing_max_price,location_country,location_locality,images_count,vid_count,feature_count];
      sheet.appendRow(row);

    }
    nextPage=dataPoints.data.meta.next;  //for every page the nextPage stores the value of the next page, and for the last page (159 approx),     nextPage=null
  }
  
}

正如我已经提到的那样，这不起作用。在网上搜索后，我找到了一些绕过执行时间的方法，我修改了我的代码，如下所示：

var spreadsheet=SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
var sheet=spreadsheet.getActiveSheet();
var nextPage=1;   //set nextPage as a global variable so that it can be accessed by all functions


function isTimeUp(today) {
  var now = new Date();
  return now.getTime() - today.getTime() > 300000;  //setting up a limit of 5 minutes
}


function myFunction() {

  sheet.clear();

  var today=new Date();

  var headerRow=["ID","NAME","SOURCE","STATUS","PRICING_MIN_PRICE","PRICING_MAX_PRICE","LOACTION_COUNTRY","LOACTION_LOCALITY","IMAGES_COUNT","VIDEOS_COUNT","FEATURES_COUNT"];
  sheet.appendRow(headerRow);
  sheet.getRange(
    spreadsheet.getCurrentCell().getRow(),
    1, 1, sheet.getMaxColumns()).activate();
  spreadsheet.getActiveRangeList().setFontWeight('bold');
  

  
  var curr;
  while(nextPage){

    if (isTimeUp(today)) {
        // schedule a trigger for a different function
        ScriptApp.newTrigger("repeatFunction")
            .timeBased()
            .everyMinutes(5)
            .create();
        break;
    }
    curr=nextPage;
    var apiURL=`https://base.amberstudent.com/api/v0/inventories?p=${curr}&limit=10&sort_key=relevance&sort_order=desc&statuses=active`;
    var response=UrlFetchApp.fetch(apiURL);
    var json=response.getContentText();
    var dataPoints=JSON.parse(json);
    var resArray=dataPoints.data.result;
    for(var i=0;i<resArray.length;i++){
      var id=resArray[i].id!=null?resArray[i].id:"";
      var name=resArray[i].name!=null?resArray[i].name:"";
      var source=resArray[i].source!=null?resArray[i].source:"";
      var status=resArray[i].status!=null?resArray[i].status:"";
      var pricing_min_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.min_price:"";
      var pricing_max_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.max_price:"";
      var location_country=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.country)?resArray[i].location.country.long_name:"";
      var location_locality=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.locality)?resArray[i].location.locality.long_name:"";
      var images_count=resArray[i].images.length;
      var vid_count=resArray[i].videos.length;
      var feature_count=resArray[i].features.length;
      var row=[id,name,source,status,pricing_min_price,pricing_max_price,location_country,location_locality,images_count,vid_count,feature_count];
      sheet.appendRow(row);

    }
    nextPage=dataPoints.data.meta.next;  //for every page the nextPage stores the value of the next page, and for the last page (159 approx),     nextPage=null
  }
  
}


function repeatFunction(){
  while(nextPage){
    var curr=nextPage;
    var apiURL=`https://base.amberstudent.com/api/v0/inventories?p=${curr}&limit=10&sort_key=relevance&sort_order=desc&statuses=active`;
    var response=UrlFetchApp.fetch(apiURL);
    var json=response.getContentText();
    var dataPoints=JSON.parse(json);
    var resArray=dataPoints.data.result;
    for(var i=0;i<resArray.length;i++){
      var id=resArray[i].id!=null?resArray[i].id:"";
      var name=resArray[i].name!=null?resArray[i].name:"";
      var source=resArray[i].source!=null?resArray[i].source:"";
      var status=resArray[i].status!=null?resArray[i].status:"";
      var pricing_min_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.min_price:"";
      var pricing_max_price=resArray[i].pricing?resArray[i].pricing.max_price:"";
      var location_country=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.country)?resArray[i].location.country.long_name:"";
      var location_locality=(resArray[i].location&&resArray[i].location.locality)?resArray[i].location.locality.long_name:"";
      var images_count=resArray[i].images.length;
      var vid_count=resArray[i].videos.length;
      var feature_count=resArray[i].features.length;
      var row=[id,name,source,status,pricing_min_price,pricing_max_price,location_country,location_locality,images_count,vid_count,feature_count];
      sheet.appendRow(row);

    }
    nextPage=dataPoints.data.meta.next;  //for every page the nextPage stores the value of the next page, and for the last page (159 approx),     nextPage=null
    if (nextPage==null) {
      var triggers = ScriptApp.getProjectTriggers();
      for (var i = 0; i < triggers.length; i++) {
          // delete all triggers
          ScriptApp.deleteTrigger(triggers[i]);
      }
      break;
    }
  }

}

我尝试将 nextPage 设置为全局变量并设置一个触发器，它每 5 分钟调用一次 repeatFunction 方法。然而，这会创建类似无限循环的东西。数据不断添加到电子表格中。我不知道如何解决这个问题，因为我对 Google 应用程序脚本的概念及其用法不熟悉。请帮我解决这个问题。如有必要，请询问更多详情。谢谢！

Answer 1

我相信你的目标如下。

您的 myFunction() 有效。但是，您想减少脚本的处理成本。

修改点：

在您的脚本中，循环中使用了 appendRow。我认为这可能是您遇到问题的原因之一。
- 这也可以在 the benchmark 看到。
虽然我不确定您要使用的 API 的详细信息，但在端点的查询参数中，使用了 limit=10。并且，从 I have to fetch data from an API to google sheets which is supposed to plot nearly 1600 entries. 开始，如果 limit=10 是一个 API 调用的值的数量，则需要完成 160 个请求。我认为这将是您问题的另一个原因。在这种情况下，我想建议修改limit的值。
- 在此修改中，使用了limit=2000。在我的测试中，没有错误发生。但是如果报错，请修改这个值再测试。

当以上几点反映到你的脚本中，就会变成下面这样。

修改后的脚本：

本次修改请将您的myFunction()修改如下

function myFunction2() {
  var spreadsheet = SpreadsheetApp.getActive();
  var sheet = spreadsheet.getActiveSheet();
  var nextPage = 1;
  sheet.clear();
  var headerRow = ["ID", "NAME", "SOURCE", "STATUS", "PRICING_MIN_PRICE", "PRICING_MAX_PRICE", "LOACTION_COUNTRY", "LOACTION_LOCALITY", "IMAGES_COUNT", "VIDEOS_COUNT", "FEATURES_COUNT"];
  sheet.appendRow(headerRow);
  sheet.getRange(spreadsheet.getCurrentCell().getRow(),1, 1, sheet.getMaxColumns()).activate();
  spreadsheet.getActiveRangeList().setFontWeight('bold');
  var ar = [];
  var curr;
  while (nextPage) {
    curr = nextPage;
    var apiURL = `https://base.amberstudent.com/api/v0/inventories?p=${curr}&limit=2000&sort_key=relevance&sort_order=desc&statuses=active`;
    var response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(apiURL);
    var json = response.getContentText();
    var dataPoints = JSON.parse(json);
    var resArray = dataPoints.data.result;
    for (var i = 0; i < resArray.length; i++) {
      var id = resArray[i].id != null ? resArray[i].id : "";
      var name = resArray[i].name != null ? resArray[i].name : "";
      var source = resArray[i].source != null ? resArray[i].source : "";
      var status = resArray[i].status != null ? resArray[i].status : "";
      var pricing_min_price = resArray[i].pricing ? resArray[i].pricing.min_price : "";
      var pricing_max_price = resArray[i].pricing ? resArray[i].pricing.max_price : "";
      var location_country = (resArray[i].location && resArray[i].location.country) ? resArray[i].location.country.long_name : "";
      var location_locality = (resArray[i].location && resArray[i].location.locality) ? resArray[i].location.locality.long_name : "";
      var images_count = resArray[i].images.length;
      var vid_count = resArray[i].videos.length;
      var feature_count = resArray[i].features.length;
      var row = [id, name, source, status, pricing_min_price, pricing_max_price, location_country, location_locality, images_count, vid_count, feature_count];
      ar.push(row);
    }
    nextPage = dataPoints.data.meta.next;  //for every page the nextPage stores the value of the next page, and for the last page (159 approx),     nextPage=null
  }
  sheet.getRange(sheet.getLastRow() + 1, 1, ar.length, ar[0].length).setValues(ar);
}

注：

本次修改用setValues代替appendRow，使用limit=2000。在这种情况下，通过一次 API 调用检索 1,585 个值。而在我的环境中，上述修改脚本的处理时间约为 20 秒。

从 API 端点获取数据到 google 工作表时，如何处理 Google Apps 脚本 6 分钟的执行时间限制？

How to handle Google Apps script 6 minute execution time limit while fetching data from an API endpoint to google sheets?

api

execution-time

google-sheets

google-apps-script

修改点：

修改后的脚本：

注：

参考文献：