在 MATLAB 中动态命名结构变量

Question

我有几个文件“2011-01-01.txt”、“2013-01-02.txt”、“2015-02-01.txt”等。我希望为每个文件创建一个结构变量，这样（值由）组成：

machine20110101.size=[1,2,3];
machine20110101.weight=2345;
machine20110101.price=3456;

machine20130102.size=[2,3,4];
machine20130102.weight=1357;
machine20130102.price=123;

machine20150201.size=[1,2,4];
machine20150201.weight=1357;
machine20150201.price=123;

并且，

save('f20110101.mat','machine20110101');
save('f20130102.mat','machine20130102') ;
save('f20150201.mat','machine20150201');

正如我们所见，结构名称是从文件名称派生而来的。如何构造上述结构变量？

找了一段时间，没搞清楚怎么用genvarname。

这些链接 (, dynamic variable declaration function matlab, Dynamically change variable name inside a loop in MATLAB) 没有解决我的问题。

我使用的是MATLAB R2012b，所以此版本之后定义的matlab.lang.makeUniqueStrings等函数不可用。

Answer 1

既然我在 MATLAB 面前，下面是一个基于我上面评论的示例，使用 dynamic field names with the filenames pruned using fileparts and regexprep in a cellfun 调用。

% Sample list for testing here, use uigetdir with dir or whatever method to
% get a list of files generically
filelist = {'C:\mydata11-01-01.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata12-02-02.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata13-03-03.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata14-04-04.txt', ...
                };
nfiles = length(filelist);

% Get filenames from your list of files
[~, filenames] = cellfun(@fileparts, filelist, 'UniformOutput', false);

% Prune unwanted characters from each filename and concatenate with 'machine'
prunedfilenames = regexprep(filenames, '-', '');
myfieldnames = strcat('machine', prunedfilenames);

% Generate your structure
for ii = 1:nfiles
    % Parse your files for the data, using dummy variables since I don't 
    % know how your data is structured
    loadedsize = [1, 2, 3];
    loadedweight = 1234;
    loadedprice = 1234;

    % Add data to struct array
    mydata.(myfieldnames{ii}).size = loadedsize;
    mydata.(myfieldnames{ii}).weight = loadedweight;
    mydata.(myfieldnames{ii}).price = loadedprice;
end

@patrik 在评论中提出了一些好的观点。我认为他希望看到的更通用的方法（如果我错了请纠正我）是这样的：

% Sample list for testing here, use uigetdir with dir or whatever method to
% get a list of files generically
filelist = {'C:\mydata11-01-01.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata12-02-02.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata13-03-03.txt', ...
                'C:\mydata14-04-04.txt', ...
                };
nfiles = length(filelist);

% Get filenames from your list of files
[~, filenames] = cellfun(@fileparts, filelist, 'UniformOutput', false);

% Prune unwanted characters from each filename and concatenate with 'machine'
prunedfilenames = regexprep(filenames, '-', '');
mytags = strcat('machine', prunedfilenames);

% Preallocate your structure
mydata = repmat(struct('tag', '', 'size', [1, 1, 1], 'weight', 1, 'price', 1), nfiles, 1);

% Fill your structure
for ii = 1:nfiles
    % Parse your files for the data, using dummy variables since I don't 
    % know how your data is structured
    loadedsize = [1, 2, 3];
    loadedweight = 1234;
    loadedprice = 1234;

    % Add data to struct array
    mydata(ii).tag = mytags{ii};
    mydata(ii).size = loadedsize;
    mydata(ii).weight = loadedweight;
    mydata(ii).price = loadedprice;
end

Answer 2

除了@excaza的回答，我还使用了以下方法：

machine.size = [1,2,3]; machine.price = 335; machine.weight = 234;

machineName = ['machine',the_date];

machineSet = struct(machineName,machine);

save(OutputFile,'-struct','machineSet',machineName);

在 MATLAB 中动态命名结构变量

Dynamically name a struct variable in MATLAB

matlab

struct

naming-conventions