JupyterHub Oracle InstantClient 和 cx_Oracle 安装

Question

我使用 Docker 容器安装了 JupyterHub。

我创建了一个新的 Anaconda 环境“cx_oracle_env”，并在终端中安装了软件包 cx_Oracle：

# Creates a new Anaconda Environment called "cx_oracle_env" using Python 3.7 in silent mode
conda create -n cx_oracle_env python=3.7 -y
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

# Activates the Anaconda Environment "cx_oracle_env"
conda activate cx_oracle_env
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

# Mamba is a reimplementation of the conda package manager in C++.
# - parallel downloading of repository data and package files using multi-threading
# - libsolv for much faster dependency solving, a state of the art library used in the 
#   RPM package     manager of Red Hat, Fedora and OpenSUSE
# - core parts of mamba are implemented in C++ for maximum efficiency
# At the same time, mamba utilize the same command line parser, package installation and 
# deinstallation code and transaction verification routines as conda to stay as compatible as 
# possible.
#
conda install mamba -n base -c conda-forge -y
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

# Installs ipykernel in currently active Anaconda Environment
mamba install ipykernel -y
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

# Installs cx_Oracle
python -m pip install cx_Oracle --upgrade
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

# Binds ipykernel "cx_oracle_env" to Anaconda Environment "cx_oracle_env"
python -m ipykernel install --user --name cx_oracle_env --display-name="cx_oracle_env"
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

我从 [=19] 下载了 ORACLE InstantClient instantclient-basic-linux.x64-21.1.0.0.0.zip =] 到我的本地计算机，并将 zip 文件上传到我的 JupyterHub 工作目录。
我在启动器面板的笔记本部分选择“cx_oracle_env”打开了一个新的 Jupyter 笔记本。

在 Jupyter Notebook 中，我使用以下命令解压文件 instantclient-basic-linux.x64-21.1.0.0.0.zip：

from shutil import unpack_archive
# Decompress ZIP-file to working directory (/home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1/)
unpack_archive('instantclient-basic-linux.x64-21.1.0.0.0.zip', '')
>>>> Returns no warnings / errors

检查路径是否存在：

import os.path
from os import path
path.exists("/home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1")
# >>>> Returns True

设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH:

import os
os.environ["LD_LIBRARY_PATH"] = "/home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1"
!echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# >>>> Returns /home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1

设置ORACLE_HOME:

os.environ["ORACLE_HOME"] = "/home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1"
!echo $ORACLE_HOME
# >>>> Returns /home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1

安装 libaio:

!mamba install libaio -y
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

导入cx_Oracle:

import cx_Oracle
# >>>> Returns no warnings / errors

调用 init_oracle_client 后，出现以下错误：

cx_Oracle.init_oracle_client(lib_dir=r"/home/jovyan/instantclient_21_1")

我错过了什么？

PS：不幸的是，我在 JupyterHub 终端中没有 sudo 权限...

Answer 1

不幸的是，环境变量 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 必须在开始该过程之前设置，因此在 Python 脚本中更改它是行不通的。

此外，由于即时客户端当前构建方式的限制，cx_Oracle.init_oracle_client() 不能在 Linux 上使用，除非事先在进程外设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH。希望这个限制很快就会被取消，但与此同时，这是你必须做的。您还可以使用 ld.so.conf 配置使安装适用于您的整个机器，在这种情况下不再需要设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH。

Answer 2

我最终解决了这个问题，方法是通过自定义 https://github.com/jupyter/docker-stacks/blob/master/minimal-notebook/Dockerfile 中的 Dockerfile 创建一个新的 JupyterHub 环境，并将其作为新的“最小 Oracle 环境”嵌入到 JupyterHub 中。

自定义Dockerfile有以下内容（我只添加了“cx_Oracle安装begin/end”部分）：

# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
ARG BASE_CONTAINER=jupyter/base-notebook
FROM $BASE_CONTAINER

LABEL maintainer="Jupyter Project <jupyter@googlegroups.com>"

USER root

# Install all OS dependencies for fully functional notebook server
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -yq --no-install-recommends \
    build-essential \
    vim-tiny \
    git \
    inkscape \
    libsm6 \
    libxext-dev \
    libxrender1 \
    lmodern \
    netcat \
    # ---- nbconvert dependencies ----
    texlive-xetex \
    texlive-fonts-recommended \
    texlive-plain-generic \
    # ----
    tzdata \
    unzip \
    nano-tiny \
    && apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# cx_Oracle installation begin
WORKDIR /opt/oracle
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y libaio1 wget
RUN wget https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/instantclient-basiclite-linuxx64.zip && \
    unzip instantclient-basiclite-linuxx64.zip && rm -f instantclient-basiclite-linuxx64.zip && \
    cd /opt/oracle/instantclient* && rm -f *jdbc* *occi* *mysql* *README *jar uidrvci genezi adrci && \
    echo /opt/oracle/instantclient* > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle-instantclient.conf && ldconfig
RUN python -m pip install cx_Oracle
WORKDIR $HOME
# cx_Oracle installation end

# Create alternative for nano -> nano-tiny
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/nano nano /bin/nano-tiny 10

# Switch back to jovyan to avoid accidental container runs as root
USER $NB_UID

在本地构建自定义Dockerfile，并作为“Minimal Oracle environment”嵌入到Kubernetes Cluster中后，在新建的JupyterHub环境中启动了一个新的Jupyter Notebook，测试ORACLE connect如下：

JupyterHub Oracle InstantClient 和 cx_Oracle 安装

JupyterHub Oracle InstantClient and cx_Oracle installation

python

oracle

cx-oracle

instantclient

jupyterhub